scholarly journals A novel approach to the differential prognosis of early and late preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Strizhakov ◽  
Е. V. Timokhina ◽  
S. M. Ibragimova ◽  
V. S. Belousova ◽  
Ya. O. Martirosyan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insufficient Number

In the present review, a new approach to studying the pathogenesis and predicting the development of preeclampsia (PE) – namely, the determination of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) – is discussed. Currently, the major cause of PE is thought to be an incomplete remodeling of spiral arteries because of an insufficient number of invading cytotrophoblasts or the absence/inactivation of crucial lysing enzymes, i.e. matrix metalloproteinases. The role of MMP-1, MМP-2, MМP-3, MМP-7, MМP-9 in the placenta formation, the development of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction is described. We propose that in the future, the MMPs may be used for differentially predicting early and late PE.

scholarly journals The role of oxidative stress in postprandial endothelial dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Lacroix ◽  
Christine Des Rosiers ◽  
Jean-Claude Tardif ◽  
Anil Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Present Review ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Transient Impairment ◽  
The Impact

Endothelial dysfunction is a turning point in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis and its complications and is predictive of future cardiovascular events. Ingestion of high-carbohydrate or high-fat meals often results in postprandial hyperglycaemia and/or hypertriacylglycerolaemia that may lead to a transient impairment in endothelial function. The present review will discuss human studies evaluating the impact of high-carbohydrate and high-fat challenges on postprandial endothelial function as well as the potential role of oxidative stress in such postprandial metabolic alterations. Moreover, the present review will differentiate the postprandial endothelial and oxidative impact of meals rich in varying fatty acid types.

scholarly journals Regulation of miRNAs by Natural Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Diseases: Focus on SIRT1 and eNOS

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Yunna Lee ◽  
Eunok Im
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The potential benefits of natural antioxidants derived from supplemental nutrients against CVDs are well known. Remarkably, natural antioxidants exert cardioprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, increasing vasodilation, and normalizing endothelial dysfunction. Recently, considerable evidence has highlighted an important role played by the synergistic interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the maintenance of endothelial function. To provide a new perspective on the role of natural antioxidants against CVDs, we focused on microRNAs (miRNAs), which are important posttranscriptional modulators in human diseases. Several miRNAs are regulated via the consumption of natural antioxidants and are related to the regulation of oxidative stress by targeting eNOS and/or SIRT1. In this review, we have discussed the specific molecular regulation of eNOS/SIRT1-related endothelial dysfunction and its contribution to CVD pathologies; furthermore, we selected nine different miRNAs that target the expression of eNOS and SIRT1 in CVDs. Additionally, we have summarized the alteration of miRNA expression and regulation of activities of miRNA through natural antioxidant consumption.

scholarly journals The role of diabetes in the onset and development of endothelial dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Era B. Popyhova ◽  
Tatiana V. Stepanova ◽  
Dar’ya D. Lagutina ◽  
Tatiana S. Kiriiazi ◽  
Alexey N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Cell Migration And Proliferation ◽  
Radical Processes

The vascular endothelium performs many functions. It is a key regulator of vascular homeostasis, maintains a balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction, inhibition and stimulation of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, fibrinolysis and thrombosis, and is involved to regulation of platelet adhesion and aggregation. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays the critical role in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) vascular complications. The purpose of this review was to consider the mechanisms leading to the occurrence of ED in DM. The paper discusses current literature data concerning the role of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products in endothelial alteration. A separate section is devoted to the particularities of the functioning of the antioxidant system and their significance in the development of ED in DM. The analysis of the literature allows to conclude that pathological activation of glucose utilization pathways causes damage of endothelial cells, which is accompanied by disorders of all their basic functions. Metabolic disorders in DM cause a pronounced imbalance of free radical processes and antioxidant defense, accompanied by oxidative stress of endotheliocytes, which contributes to the progression of ED and the development of vascular complications. Many aspects of multicomponent regulatory reactions in the pathogenesis of the development of ED in DM have not been sufficiently studied.

scholarly journals Dentine matrix metalloproteinases as potential mediators of dentine regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
E Guirado ◽  
◽  
A George
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Critical Components

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated not only in the regulation of developmental processes but also in the release of biologically active molecules and in the modulation of repair during tertiary dentine formation. Although efforts to preserve dentine have focused on inhibiting the activity of these proteases, their function is much more complex and necessary for dentine repair than expected. The present review explores the role of MMPs as bioactive components of the dentine matrix involved in dentine formation, repair and regeneration. Special consideration is given to the mechanical properties of dentine, including those of reactionary and reparative dentine, and the known roles of MMPs in their formation. MMPs are critical components of the dentine matrix and should be considered as important candidates in dentine regeneration.

scholarly journals Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Renal Failure: Role of eNOS Activation and of Oxidative Stress

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Zanetti ◽  
Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽  
Davide Barbetta ◽  
Annamaria Semolic ◽  
Rocco Barazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

Abstract 357: Hepatic ERK2 Suppresses Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Leading to Protection from Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiko Kujiraoka ◽  
Yasushi Satoh ◽  
Makoto Ayaori ◽  
Yasunaga Shiraishi ◽  
Yuko Arai-Nakaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Metabolic Remodeling ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background Insulin signaling comprises 2 major cascades, the IRS/PI3K/Akt and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways. Many studies on the tissue-specific effects of the former pathway had been conducted, however, the role of the latter cascade in tissue-specific insulin resistance had not been investigated. High glucose/fatty acid toxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress, all of which are associated with insulin resistance, can activate ERK. Liver plays a central role of metabolism and hepatosteatosis (HST) is associated with vascular diseases. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of hepatic ERK2 in HST, metabolic remodeling and endothelial dysfunction. Methods Serum biomarkers of vascular complications in human were compared between subjects with and without HST diagnosed by echography for regular medical checkup. Next, we created liver-specific ERK2 knockout mice (LE2KO) and fed them with a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) for 20 weeks. The histological analysis, the expression of hepatic sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ -ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and glucose-tolerance/insulin-sensitivity (GT/IS) were tested. Vascular superoxide production and endothelial function were evaluated with dihydroethidium staining and isometric tension measurement of aorta. Results The presence of HST significantly increased HOMA-IR, an indicator of insulin resistance or atherosclerotic index in human. HFHSD-fed LE2KO revealed a marked exacerbation in HST and metabolic remodeling represented by the impairment of GT/IS, elevated serum free fatty acid and hyperhomocysteinemia without changes in body weight, blood pressure and serum cholesterol/triglyceride levels. In the HFHSD-fed LE2KO, mRNA and protein expressions of hepatic SERCA2 were significantly decreased, which resulted in hepatic ER stress. Induction of vascular superoxide production and remarkable endothelial dysfunction were also observed in them. Conclusions Hepatic ERK2 revealed the suppression of hepatic ER stress and HST in vivo , which resulted in protection from vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. HST with hepatic ER stress can be a prominent risk of vascular complications by metabolic remodeling and oxidative stress in obese-related diseases.

scholarly journals Chronic iron overload intensifies atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: Role of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction

Life Sciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 116702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Bermond Marques ◽  
Marcos André Soares Leal ◽  
Jandinay Gonzaga Alexandre Mageski ◽  
Helbert Gabriel Fidelis ◽  
Breno Valentim Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Chemoprevention of cancer: current evidence and future prospects

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Benetou ◽  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Pagona Lagiou
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
The Future ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Genetic Profiles

Cancer chemoprevention refers to the use of agents for the inhibition, delay, or reversal of carcinogenesis before invasion. In the present review, agents examined in the context of cancer chemoprevention are classified in four major categories—hormonal, medications, diet-related agents, and vaccines—and the main representatives of each category are presented. Although there are serious constraints in the documentation of effectiveness of chemopreventive agents, mainly stemming from the long latency of the condition they are addressing and the frequent lack of intermediate biomarkers, there is little disagreement about the role of aspirin, whereas a diet rich in vegetables and fruits appears to convey more protection than individual micronutrients. Among categories of cancer chemopreventive agents, hormonal ones and vaccines might hold more promise for the future. Also, the identification of individuals who would benefit most from chemopreventive interventions on the basis of their genetic profiles could open new prospects for cancer chemoprevention.

Prominence of Oxidative Stress in the Management of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs Related Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preena John ◽  
Pravin P. Kale
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Membrane Permeability Transition ◽  
Hepatic Glutathione

: Advanced medical services and treatments are available for treating Tuberculosis. Related prevalence has increased in recent times. Unfortunately, the continuous consumption of related drugs is also known for inducing hepatotoxicity which is a critical condition and cannot be overlooked. The present review article has focused on the pathways causing these toxicities and also the role of enzyme CYP2E1, hepatic glutathione, Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, and Membrane Permeability Transition as possible targets which may help in preventing the hepatotoxicity induced by the drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

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