scholarly journals Potential Use of Intelligent Machine Vision Systems in Forensic Psychological Examination

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Vali Engalychev ◽  
Elena Leonova ◽  
Aleksey Havylo
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Expert Study

The objective of this study is to develop and experimentally verify the expert method of non-contact psychological and physiological diagnostics of emotional and mental state of a person by measuring complex patterns of facial micro-movements beyond the conscious control of the person through the use of special software, as well as to determine the opportunities and limitations of using this method in forensic psychological examinations. The authors substantiate the prospects of unbiased methods for assessing a person’s emotional and mental state by measuring behavioural patterns using modern digital technologies. The paper identifies the key factors that determine the effectiveness of forensic psychological examination methods. The results of the study revealed both general regularities to distinguish patterns and their individual characteristics. However, there were no consistently repeated facial patterns that would allow differentiating the initial stimuli of emotional reactions. It was established that the essential factor subject to the evaluation through the analysis of facial expressions is the level of cognitive load, representing the weight of the situation for a certain person. By applying machine-learning method, the authors developed a technology of the binary classification of questions according to the degree of their subjective cognitive complexity based on the facial micro-­movements when a person answers the interview questions. The predictive model served as the basis for the development of a pilot version of the expert study method to assess the subjective cognitive complexity of the interview questions. The paper provides minimum technical requirements of “Systems of Psychological and Physiolo­gical Studies” software for the analysis of video footage in forensic psychological examination, including standardized requirements for recording an examined person’s facial expressions during the interview. The authors also developed the sequence of the expert’s actions. The paper includes the legal rationale for a new expert study method to be implemented.

Heritage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaikh ◽  
Stefano Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The South ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Community Heritage ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Way

The Colourful Heritage Project (CHP) is the first community heritage focused charitable initiative in Scotland aiming to preserve and to celebrate the contributions of early South Asian and Muslim migrants to Scotland. It has successfully collated a considerable number of oral stories to create an online video archive, providing first-hand accounts of the personal journeys and emotions of the arrival of the earliest generation of these migrants in Scotland and highlighting the inspiring lessons that can be learnt from them. The CHP’s aims are first to capture these stories, second to celebrate the community’s achievements, and third to inspire present and future South Asian, Muslim and Scottish generations. It is a community-led charitable project that has been actively documenting a collection of inspirational stories and personal accounts, uniquely told by the protagonists themselves, describing at first hand their stories and adventures. These range all the way from the time of partition itself to resettling in Pakistan, and then to their final accounts of arriving in Scotland. The video footage enables the public to see their facial expressions, feel their emotions and hear their voices, creating poignant memories of these great men and women, and helping to gain a better understanding of the South Asian and Muslim community’s earliest days in Scotland.

Undisturbed Mental State Assessment in the 5G Era: A Case Study of Depression Detection Based on Facial Expressions

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Minqiang Yang ◽  
Yu Ma ◽  
Zhenyu Liu ◽  
Hanshu Cai ◽  
Xiping Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Mental State ◽  
State Assessment ◽  
Depression Detection

Face-Processing Impairments and the Capgras Delusion

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Young ◽  
Ian Reid ◽  
Simon Wright ◽  
Deborah J. Hellawell
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Capgras Delusion ◽  
Unfamiliar Faces

Investigations of two cases of the Capgras delusion found that both patients showed face-processing impairments encompassing identification of familiar faces, recognition of emotional facial expressions, and matching of unfamiliar faces. In neither case was there any impairment of recognition memory for words. These findings are consistent with the idea that the basis of the Capgras delusion lies in damage to neuro-anatomical pathways responsible for appropriate emotional reactions to familiar visual stimuli. The delusion would then represent the patient's attempt to make sense of the fact that these visual stimuli no longer have appropriate affective significance.

scholarly journals Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Hsu ◽  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Sakiko Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Dynamic Facial Expressions

Abstract Facial expression is an integral aspect of non-verbal communication of affective information. Earlier psychological studies have reported that the presentation of prerecorded photographs or videos of emotional facial expressions automatically elicits divergent responses, such as emotions and facial mimicry. However, such highly controlled experimental procedures may lack the vividness of real-life social interactions. This study incorporated a live image relay system that delivered models’ real-time performance of positive (smiling) and negative (frowning) dynamic facial expressions or their prerecorded videos to participants. We measured subjective ratings of valence and arousal and facial electromyography (EMG) activity in the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscles. Subjective ratings showed that the live facial expressions were rated to elicit higher valence and more arousing than the corresponding videos for positive emotion conditions. Facial EMG data showed that compared with the video, live facial expressions more effectively elicited facial muscular activity congruent with the models’ positive facial expressions. The findings indicate that emotional facial expressions in live social interactions are more evocative of emotional reactions and facial mimicry than earlier experimental data have suggested.

scholarly journals The face is not an empty canvas: how facial expressions interact with facial appearance

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1535) ◽  
pp. 3497-3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hess ◽  
Reginald B. Adams ◽  
Robert E. Kleck
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Facial Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Signalling Systems

Faces are not simply blank canvases upon which facial expressions write their emotional messages. In fact, facial appearance and facial movement are both important social signalling systems in their own right. We here provide multiple lines of evidence for the notion that the social signals derived from facial appearance on the one hand and facial movement on the other interact in a complex manner, sometimes reinforcing and sometimes contradicting one another. Faces provide information on who a person is. Sex, age, ethnicity, personality and other characteristics that can define a person and the social group the person belongs to can all be derived from the face alone. The present article argues that faces interact with the perception of emotion expressions because this information informs a decoder's expectations regarding an expresser's probable emotional reactions. Facial appearance also interacts more directly with the interpretation of facial movement because some of the features that are used to derive personality or sex information are also features that closely resemble certain emotional expressions, thereby enhancing or diluting the perceived strength of particular expressions.

scholarly journals Audience reaction movie trailers and the Paranormal Activity franchise

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Night Vision ◽  
Horror Genre ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Audience Reaction ◽  
Movie Theater ◽  
Current State ◽  
Online Spaces ◽  
Viewing Experience ◽  
Activity Series

This article addresses the concept and growing practice of audience reaction movie trailers, specifically for films in the horror genre. Popularized by the Paranormal Activity series of films, these trailers primarily utilize green night-vision video footage of a movie theater audience reacting to the film being advertised, yet also consist of webcam recordings of screaming fans, documentary-style B-roll footage of audiences filing into preview screenings with high levels of anticipation, and close-up shots of spectator facial expressions, accompanied by no footage whatsoever from the film being advertised. In analyzing these audience-centric promotional paratexts, my aim is to reveal them as attempting to sell and legitimize the experiential, communal, and social qualities of the theatrical movie viewing experience while at the same time calling for increased fan investment in both physical and online spaces. Through the analysis of audience reaction trailers, this article hopes to both join and engender conversations about horror fan participation, the nature of anticipatory texts as manipulative, and the current state of horror gimmickry in the form of the promotional paratext.

scholarly journals Research of non-smoking products for oral consumption

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
T. A. Don ◽  
S. V. Kalashnikov ◽  
A. G. Mirgorodskaya
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Oral Consumption ◽  
Ingredient Composition

A non-smoking, nicotine-containing, non-tobacco product is new to Russia. There are no normative legal documents regulating circulation, production, certification, control methods and ingredient composition. The composition of the product is not controlled. The absence of state regulation, technical requirements and regulatory documents for nontobacco nicotine-containing products, control methods and methods for its identification is a serious problem today, and the solution of the listed problems is extremely important and urgent. This situation has led to the appearance of a large number of products produced by semihandicraft methods. Technical conditions for their production are the property of a manufacturer, which allows unscrupulous manufacturers to manufacture a product that often represents a real threat to the health of consumers. The research began in 2018 in the Laboratory of technology for the manufacture of tobacco and tobacco products and aimed at solving the following problems: – monitoring of the Russian market of non-smoking nicotine-containing products for oral consumption; – research of consumer characteristics of brands of this type of products; – obtaining experimental data for an objective assessment of the toxic load of the test samples. The work was carried out according to the program developed in the laboratory using the following methods: – visual inspection (establishes the appearance of the consumer packaging and the labels on the packaging); – organoleptic and tasting assessment (establish consumer characteristics of the product); – establishment of individual characteristics (presence or absence of tobacco); – determination of physical, chemical and toxic indicators of the product: humidity, fractional composition, nicotine content.

scholarly journals Facial Behaviors and Emotional Reactions in Consumer Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Matsumoto ◽  
Hyi Sung Hwang ◽  
Nick Harrington ◽  
Robb Olsen ◽  
Missy King
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Consumer Research ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Typical Consumer

Gauging emotional reactions is a cornerstone of consumer research. The most common way emotions are assessed is self-report. But self-report is notoriously unreliable, and affected by many factors that confound their interpretation. Facial expressions are objective markers of emotional states, and are well grounded in decades of research. Yet, the research documenting the potential utility of facial expressions of emotion as a biometric marker in consumer research is limited. This study addresses this gap, presenting descriptive analyses of the facial expressions of emotion produced in typical consumer research. Surprisingly, the most prevalent expressions produced were disgust and social smiles; smile of true enjoyment were relatively rare. Additionally, expressions were generally of low intensity and very short durations. These findings demonstrate the potential utility for using facial expressions of emotion as markers in consumer research, and suggest that the emotional landscapes of consumers may be different than what is commonly thought

scholarly journals “AT THE BEGINNING AND AT THE END OF TIMES” BY PAVLO ARIE: INTERMEDIATIVE ASPECT OF COMPREHENSION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Gorbolis
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Difficult Situations

The article, based on the play «At the Beginning and At the End of Times» by the contemporary Ukrainian playwright Pavlo Arie and the performance of Lviv Lesia Ukrainka Academic Drama Theatку, directed by Oleksiy Kravchuk, ascertains the expedience to use an intermedial approach to find out the features of architectonics, genre originality, the role of the title, dedication, remarks, chronotope in the literary and stage modelling of the heroes, reflection of the general concept of works, visualization of the ideological and thematic direction. It studied the significance of remarks, details, scenery, music and video for disclosing the conflict of work, reflecting the character and the mental state of heroes. Vertical-horizontal coordinates of the material and spiritual life of the characters are described and analysed. The semantic content of the work, the author’s and director’s accents are oriented not only to the person, but also to the culture that is perished. The play heroes are in difficult situations of choice, searching for themselves, rethinking values. Working on the images and problems, P. Arie, O. Kravchuk skilfully conveyed the volatility of mood, a complex body of hero experiences, appealing to the audience’s feelings. With the help of music, details, colours, sounds, emotions, facial expressions, movements the director, artist and actors emphasize the characters at all levels of stage realization.

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