scholarly journals Justification of the possibility of constructing passive multi-story residential buildings in the climatic conditions of Central Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-78
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Tsyganov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impacts

Introduction. We won’t be able to solve global ecological problems without solving the energy issue. It is necessary to expand the energy sector and switch to energy saving technologies. Power generation is among sources of negative impacts on the environment and man. The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, discharge of polluted liquid waste into rivers, creation of huge water reservoirs, warming of water bodies, depletion of fuel resources, deforestation, emission of toxic substances into the atmosphere and water, burial of radioactive waste — this list of negative impacts, produced by the energy sector on the environment, is not exhaustive. At the end of the 20th century, humanity finally rea­lized how serious the problem of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was. The consolidation of these two issues, namely, environmental protection and conservation of natural resources, tightened the requirements for the construction of buil­dings in terms of thermal insulation, reduction of energy consumption for heating, and introduction of a closed power cycle at production facilities. The article deals with construction of passive multi-storey houses in different climatic conditions of the Russian Federation. The problem of energy saving and thermal insulation of buildings in construction is addressed. The analysis of energy consumption by passive buildings in the climatic conditions of Central Russia is made. Materials and methods. Currently, heating consumption by all types of buildings during the heating season in Russia is analyzed in accordance with Annex G of SNiP 23-02-2003. In addition, a national standard of the Russian Federation was developed, approved and put into effect by Decree of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology No. 1211-st dated October 25, 2013. This standard is amended in relation to ISO 13790:2008. This Russian standard is a regulatory document on annual heat and electricity costs of maintaining the microclimate on heated or cooled premises. Results. The technology has advanced, and now the construction market offers houses with seamless facades and improved sound and heat insulation. These are monolithic frame houses with good thermal insulation, since monolithic concrete is poured directly into the formwork on the construction site, lined with glass wool thermal insulation and clad with facade panels, which reduces heat loss from a building. Conclusions. The analysis of the energy consumption calculation method has proven an efficient tool to determine the heat demand of heating systems. The calculation allows to determine heat losses associated with the transfer of heat through an external envelope and the need for thermal energy. In other words, given that the data for each climatic zone is correct, including selected construction materials, thickness of enclosure structures with account for solar energy, and the proper use of modern intake-exhaust systems, the construction of buildings, featuring higher energy efficiency in the climatic conditions of Central Russia, is possible and absolutely realistic.

scholarly journals Simulation model of the heating and air conditioning system of dc electric trains

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Stanislav Istomin ◽  
Aleksandr Shtraukhman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Electric Train

Most of the territory of the Russian Federation is located in the zone of long-term exposure to negative ambient temperatures. In this regard, in the suburban traffic on the railways of the Russian Federation, a significant proportion of the electric power falls on the operation of heating and air conditioning systems. Nowadays, Russia and the world are developing energy-saving methods and tools to reduce the energy consumption of auxiliary needs of electric trains. In this paper, the method of constructing simulation models in the MATLAB Simulink software was used to build an energy-saving heating and air conditioning system, since this method allows studying various options for building the studied systems with lower financial and labor costs in comparison with the experimental method. The correct selection and display of the parameters of the electric train interior will allow achieving the optimal values of energy consumption for heating and air conditioning of the electric trains. In order to verify its adequacy, the simulation model includes standard values of electric energy consumption for heating and conditioning electric trains for various sections and operating conditions, which were obtained earlier during the correlation and regression analysis of data from electric train parameter recorders. The results of the study showed the adequacy of the application of the developed simulation model for organizing the control of electric power consumption for heating and air conditioning of DC electric trains.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF CREATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF TOWER STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Linar Sabitov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Intermediate Result ◽  
Electrical Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Area

In accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 899 of July 7, 2011, a list of critical technologies has been approved in our country, among which there are “technologies for creating energy-saving systems for the transportation, distribution and use of energy” [1]. First of all, we are talking here about electrical energy, and in the composition of these systems it is possible to distinguish not only the electrical part, but also the component associated with the construction of construction infrastructure. For the development of the economy in the technological area under consideration, appropriate scientific and methodological support is necessary, personnel who have mastered this support, then the formation of new or the use of existing relevant organizational structures in the ministries of construction and energy, in the design business and in production, and ultimately all of the above follows consolidate at the level of laws and standards. The place of the author's research in this development strategy is the development of scientific and methodological support for the creation of tower structures for the energy sector. The intermediate result of these studies is the monograph [2]. The topic was further developed in articles [3-16].

Study of the temperature regime of wheat storage In the elevator of the far eastern region of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
V.V. Looze ◽  
A.V. Gavrilov ◽  
K.B. Gurieva ◽  
S.L. Beletskiy
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Far Eastern

The article presents and analyzes the temperature conditions of storage of wheat grain batches during the six-year storage period in silos of precast concrete elevators in the Far Eastern Region of the Russian Federation. The time intervals of grain temperature changes depending on the corresponding climatic conditions are considered. It is shown that the grain mass in the silos of elevators is in a cooled state, at a temperature below 10 °C, most of the annual cycle.

scholarly journals Characteristics of industrial cultivation and requirements to fresh cut flowers in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
O. A. Shchuklina ◽  
I. N. Voronchikhina ◽  
A. D. Alenicheva ◽  
I. N. Klimenkova ◽  
V. V. Voronchikhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Analytical Centers

Relevance. The specifics of the fresh cut flowers market in the Russian Federation is such, that 85-100% of the total volume of flowers sold is imported. The most popular flowers among Russian consumers are roses (up to 60% in the total share of fresh flowers), chrysanthemums and carnations, all of which require certain growing conditions. Recently, the market of local seasonal flowers has begun to develop, the main players in which are small farms or household plots. Material and methods. This article presents the data about market analysis of fresh cut flowers in Russia for the last five years (2015-2020). For this analysis were used the methods applied in economics. The main information database of this research includes data from official state statistics; open data from analytical centers; federal and regional regulations; data from the Federal agency for technical regulation and Metrology; reference materials of specialized data on research field; data from industry-specific portals; sites; articles and reviews written by producers of fresh cut flowers in Russia and worldwide. Results. Russia is one of the top six importers of fresh cut flowers in the world. The most popular flower among Russian consumers is a rose. There is not much suitable soil and climatic conditions in Russia for growing it on a commercial scale in the open ground. In 2018-2019 according to Rosstat data the number of flowers, grown for cutting in Russia, was estimated 263,3 billion pieces. However, now Russian flower producers are not able to meet domestic demand for fresh flowers, so there is no almost export.

scholarly journals Productivity of sorghum crops depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation in the regions of the Russian Federation (review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik ◽  
I. G. Efremova ◽  
Yu. V. Bochkareva ◽  
A. V. Prakhov ◽  
D. S. Semin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Growing Conditions

The review considers the unique diversity and versatility of the use of sorghum crops. The dependence of the yield of biomass and grain of varieties and hybrids of sorghum crops on the applied elements of the crop cultivation technology is analyzed: width of row spacing, density of standing plants in different zones of sorghum sowing in the Russian Federation. A variety of soil and climatic conditions of sorghum cultivation regions differ in the temperature regime, the reserves of soil moisture before sowing, the level of soil fertility, which determines the need to select the optimal elements of technology that ensure the achievement of the highest yield of varieties per unit area with the lowest material and technological costs. The analysis of the ways of placing plants on the own area also indicates the significant role of varietal biological features in increasing the sorghum yield, the purpose of sowing, and the level of field contamination. With limited resources of productive moisture for high-yielding sorghum varieties with a powerful habitus, wide-row sowing with row spacing of 70 cm and the density of standing plants 80-350 thousand per 1 ha, depending on the variety. Low-growing early-maturing thin-stemmed forms of grain sorghum should be sown in the usual ordinary row way with a row spacing of 15 or 30 cm with plant density of 500-600 thousand/ha. Sudan grass varieties that can withstand high density of standing plants (depending on agroclimatic conditions – up to 1.0-3.0 million per 1 ha) are cultivated using the technology of spiked cereals. As the result of the literature data analysis, the following trend has been revealed: the drier the growing conditions, the greater the requirements for choosing the optimal parameters of agrotechnical methods of cultivating sorghum crops aimed at the reducing the number of plants per area unit considering the specific character of the region of sorghum sowing.

scholarly journals Ways to Reduce Energy Costs in Poultry Farms

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sklyar ◽  
Margarita Postnova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, the modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. Thus, the component of the electric power being the base for combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting, and local heating of poultry farms, is great in power engineering on the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that of the estimated options for reducing the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a continuous technological cycle (poultry farming, for example), seems to be replace about 45-55 % of the needs of the factory and serve as a reserve for the rest, but not cover all 100 % of needs.

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