scholarly journals Cyberhope or Cyberhype?: Computers and Scholarly Research

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Manoff
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Scholarly Research ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Nouvelles Technologies ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
De Se ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: With the expansion of electronic products and services for libraries, two questions continue to demand our attention. What is the impact of new tools on scholarly research? And how is scholarship affected by libraries' decisions to remake or reorganize themselves so as to accommodate new technologies? This paper looks at the social and political implications of various electronic tools, especially in the humanities, and particularly in literary fields. Résumé: La prolifération de produits et services électroniques disponibles dans les bibliothèques soulève deux questions qui ne cessent de requérir notre attention. Quel est l'impact de nouvelles technologies sur la recherche savante? Et quels sont les effects sur la recherche lorsque les bibliothèques décident de se refaçonner ou de se réorganiser pour mieux s'accommoder de nouveaux outils technologies? Cet article se propose de discuter des questions sociales et politiques soulevées par un certain nombre d'outils électroniques dans les humanités et surtout dans les domaines littéraires.

The Effects of the Westward Movement on California's Growth and Development, 1900–1920

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Frank L. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Westward Movement ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Internal migration is a growing social phenomenon of today's America: a third of the United States population live in a different state from the one in which they have been born. This, however, has been a constant aspect of the American experience. The author of the present essay analyzes in an historical perspective the growth of California from 1900–1920 under the impact of the westward movement. The social, economic and political implications of the California development are the main features of this paper.

scholarly journals An Apocalyptic yet Abject “Jubilee” Narrative in George Robert Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee: Mobility, Restoration, and Materiality

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Susan Smith Nash
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Marriage Education ◽  
Victorian England ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
English Society ◽  
The Impact

George Robert Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee (1894) brings together complex, contradictory and ultimately subversive views of late Victorian society, where social mobility and class, property, women’s rights, marriage, education, commerce, and advertising are problematized. Further, with the dramatic rate of social, economic, and political change that resulted from the Industrial Revolution, new banking and sources of capital, old ways of being and thinking simply cannot keep pace, resulting in the emergence of apocalyptic narratives on many fronts. Needless to say, the idea of "jubilee" is more or less antithetical to the idea of apocalypse, but ironically, Gissing's work is more informed by apocalypse and apocalyptic narratives than "jubilee" whether the concept of jubilee refers to liberation or an affirmation of monarchal reign. Gissing's "jubilee" juxtaposes self-congratulatory rhetoric (Victorian senses of self-actualization) with an underlying nihilism, particularly for women and those of lower classes. The fact that some of the women are able to break free and reinvent their worlds by means of education and a reinvented sense of self further reinforces the notion of apocalypse, particularly in the destruction of the “known” world and the emergence of a new one, essentially a “new heaven and earth.” The goal of this analysis is to conduct an analysis of Gissing’s In the Year of Jubilee and to demonstrate how the core narratives in the text contain elements of the apocalyptic narrative. In doing so, one object is to gain an understanding of how Gissing uses the abject jubilee (or apocalyptic) narrative in order to explore the social relationships and psychological states of the characters, and to use them to make certain observations and commentaries on the state of English society, the impact of industrialization, new technologies and urban sprawl, and the realities of social class and mobility (or lack of upward mobility) in late Victorian England.

The European Administrative Space and E-Government Policies

2009 ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Francesco Amoretti ◽  
Fortunato Musella
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Administrative Action ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Issue ◽  
The Impact

The challenge of convergence has become a core issue in the European agenda, as the existence of widely accepted administrative standards represents one of the most important preconditions to promote sociopolitical development and to reinforce the single Market. Indeed many initiatives have been launched by European institutions to ensure uniformity in terms of administrative action and structures, and several communications by the European Commission have considered the impact of new technologies in creating systems of integrated and interoperable administration in the Old Continent. In this chapter it will be investigated the role of communication and information technologies in the formation of an European administrative space, the process for which administrations become more similar and close to a common European model. The contribution will consider ICTs as a key element of Europe’s economic competitiveness agenda as well as the interconnection between e-government programs and the social dimension of development. In addition to this, in the final part of the chapter it will be also analyzed the nature and implications of the process of uniformity produced by the new digital infrastructures, a peculiar mix of attractiveness and imposition.

Influence of computer technologies on development and children's well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Sabir Nurgalam Amiraliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Game Console ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
The Impact

These studies provide new insights into the relationship between parenting style, home environment and the timing of children's use of new technologies. The social and physical home environment has a unique impact on children's viewing time, regardless of parenting style. Our results indicate a relatively low association between parenting style and screen time in 8-year-olds. To reduce the time a child spends watching TV or using a computer or game console, it may be important for parents to become more aware of the impact they have on their child's behavior, especially at an early age. Key words: child development, computer technology, screen time

scholarly journals Understanding Technological Unemployment: A Review of Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Yuri Lima ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Barbosa ◽  
Herbert Salazar dos Santos ◽  
Jano Moreira de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

Many studies have focused on estimating the impact of automation on work around the world with results ranging widely. Despite the disagreement about the level of impact that automation will have, experts agree that new technologies tend to be applied to every economic sector, thus impacting work regardless of substituting or complementing it. The purpose of this study is to move on from the discussion about the size of the impact of automation to understanding the main social impacts that automation will cause and what actions should be taken to deal with them. For this purpose, we reviewed literature about technological unemployment found in Scopus and Web of Science published since 2000, presenting an academic view of the actions necessary to deal with the social impact of automation. Our results summarize causes, consequences, and solutions for the technological unemployment found in the literature. We also found that the literature is mainly concentrated on the areas of economy, sociology, and philosophy, with the authors situated in developed economies such as the USA, Europe, and New Zealand. Finally, we present the research agenda proposed by the reviewed papers that could motivate new research on the subject.

scholarly journals Algorithmic Facial Image

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Mitra Azar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Facial Image ◽  
Image Sharing ◽  
Security Technologies ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

Facial tracking technologies have been incorporated in digital cameras for many years, and are offered to users of social networks such as Facebook to facilitate and automatize tagging (the process of recognizing one’s face in a picture and associating it with a user’s profile) and image sharing. Nevertheless, in recent times, facial recognition technologies seem to have taken a new turn, and from the simple recognition of faces with cameras and social networks they have become embedded in mainstream security technologies as much as in entertaining ‘face swap’ apps, transforming the social and cultural implications of the selfie. This paper examines the political implications of new technologies for facial recognition, and proposes a new type of selfie aesthetic characterized by new forms of human and machinic agency. The paper argues that when the selfie becomes mediated by new tracking technologies for security system and entertainment based on face-recognition algorithms, the selfie becomes an ‘Algorithmic Facial Image’.  

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF A MULTIFUNCTIONAL CENTERS FOR TRAINING EXTREME SPORTS IN KURSK

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
J. V. Skripkina ◽  
J. A. Lalykina
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The purpose of this paper is to identify the basic principles of formation of a multifunctional complex for extreme sports. It includes a comparative analysis of extreme sports facilities in Kursk as well as a number of previously studied similar projects and existing buildings by Russian and foreign architects. The authors of the paper propose a sports complex that fits into the existing architecture of the city. New technologies have been introduces to implement the design of such complex objects as a wind tunnel, a deep-water diving pool, a large-span indoor skate hall with seats for spectators and overhead light. All these elements have been taken from the projects of well-known architectural firms, such as eXtreme Architects, White Studio, Moko Architects, as well as other foreign projects of Danish and Norwegian architects. The authors also considered some ideas on the reconstruction of industrial facilities, such as a fan depot or a silo tower, which were converted into multifunctional sports complexes. The social, economic and environmental aspects of designing such an object have been taken into consideration. The authors give the regulatory framework including the fire safety requirements, requirements on building maintenance by limited mobility populations (MH), the impact on the environment. Moreover, the authors mention building regulations, which establish requirements to the equipment, inventory and the space of the whole complex. The article examines the importance of building a multifunctional complex for practicing extreme sports, and also confirms the relevance of such sports in Kursk.

scholarly journals Twitter como instrumento para fomentar la participación del profesorado en los cursos formativos

2018 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Elena Berrón Ruiz ◽  
María Victoria Régil López
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The increasing incorporation of new technologies in the education system demands a deep revision in the management processes of the training centers, improving their presence in social networks. The qualitative research presented in this article presents a case study carried out at the Training Center of Teachers and Educational Innovation of Avila (Spain) and pursues two objectives: the first consists in value the usefulness of different strategies to boost and disseminate the training courses through Twitter, while the second seeks to analyze the impact that such dissemination has been on the participation of teachers. The results show that the innovations introduced in the dynamization have aroused the interest of the teachers, increasing the interactions made in the social network and producing a remarkable rise of their participation in the courses.

Measuring the Value of Sociology? Some Notes on Performative Metricization in the Contemporary Academy

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 130-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan Kelly ◽  
Roger Burrows
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Journal Ranking ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Journal Citation Reports ◽  
Thomson Reuters ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The performative co-construction of academic life through myriad metrics is now a global phenomenon as indicated by the plethora of university research or journal ranking systems and the publication of ‘league’ tables based on them. If these metrics are seen as actively constituting the social world, can an analysis of this ‘naturally occurring’ data reveal how these new technologies of value and measure are recursively defining the practices and subjects of university life? In the UK higher education sector, the otherwise mundane realities of academic life have come to be recursively lived through a succession of research assessment exercises (RAEs). Lived through not only in the RAEs themselves, but also through the managed incremental changes to the academic and organizational practices linked to the institutional imaginings of planning for, and anticipating the consequences of, the actual exercises. In the ‘planning for’ mode an increasing proportion of formerly sociology submissions have shifted into ‘social policy’. This is one instance of how institutional ‘game-playing’ in relation to the RAE enacts the social in quite fundamental ways. Planning an RAE 2008 submission in Sociology required anticipation of how a panel of 16 peers would evaluate 39 institutions by weighted, relative worth of: aggregated data from 1,267 individuals who, between them cited a total of 3,729 ‘outputs’; the detailed narrative and statistical data on the research environment; and a narrative account of academic ‘esteem’. This data provided such institutional variables as postgraduate student numbers, sources of student funding, and research income from various sources. To evaluate the ‘quality’ of outputs various measures of the ‘impact’ and/or ‘influence’ of journals, as developed from the Thomson-Reuters Journal Citation Reports, was linked to the data. An exploratory modelling exercise using these variables to predict RAE 2008 revealed that despite what we might like to think about the subtle nuances involved in peer review judgements, it turns out that a fairly astonishing 83 per cent of the variance in outcomes can be predicted by some fairly simple ‘shadow metrics’: quality of journals in the submission, research income per capita and scale of research activity. We conclude that measuring the value of sociology involves multiple mutual constructions of reality within which ever more nuanced data assemblages are increasingly implicated and that analysis of this data can make explicit some of the parameters of enactment within which we operate in the contemporary academy.

scholarly journals The impact of the patent system on the social welfare: A critical view

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Gregorio Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Patent System ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Critical View ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This article offers a critical view of the impact of patents on economic activity.Design/methodology/approach: We develop two analytic innovation models. They help us to understand how the strength of the patent system affects 1) the industry profits 2) the social welfare.Findings: The strengthening of patent systems could cause a decline in the activities of imitation and, therefore, a decrease in competition, a reduction in the production and assimilation of new technologies and could create barriers to entry into technology-intensive sectors, increasing the costs of production. We will show that a lower strength patent system and an increase in the activities of imitation can i) increase the benefits to industry as a whole ii) lead to greater social surplus.Originality/value and social implications: Much of the literature on innovation has traditionally seen imitation processes as harmful to the development of new technologies, and detrimental to the welfare of consumers, producers and society at large. That is why policies aimed at strengthening the patent system and discouraging imitation processes are associated with improvements in social welfare, —fostering innovation, trade, foreign investment and technology transfer—. However, our findings should lead us to rethink how optimal innovation policy should be designed. The problems associated with restrictions on the free market involve costs that outweigh the social benefits that patents can provide. Market mechanisms can effectively reward innovators for being the first to bring a product into the market, without the need to grant a monopoly.

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