SOCIAL SUPPORT RESOURCES, BEHAVIOR, AND APPRAISALS: A PATH ANALYSIS

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Vaux ◽  
Joanna Wood
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Supportive Behavior ◽  
Support Resources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Behavior

Three models involving three facets of social support, orientation to support utilization, and psychological distress were subjected to path analysis using data from 176 college students. Findings supported the following models: (a) Support network resources yield supportive behavior that in turn promotes positive appraisals of support, (b) orientation to support utilization effects resources, behavior, and appraisals, and (c) resources and behavior effect distress indirectly through support appraisals.

scholarly journals Individual differences in resting-state connectivity and giving social support: implications for health

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1076-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristen K Inagaki ◽  
Meghan L Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Social Thinking ◽  
Supportive Behavior ◽  
Amygdala Activity ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract There is a growing appreciation for the health benefits of giving support, though variability in such behavior exists. Based on the possibility that the dorsomedial (DMPFC) default network subsystem is associated with social thinking and behavior, integrity of this subsystem may facilitate giving support to others. The current study tested associations between DMPFC subsystem connectivity at rest and tendencies related to giving support. During a functional magnetic resonance imaging session, 45 participants completed an emotional social cues task, a resting-state scan and self-report measures of social support. Supportive behavior during the month following the scan was also assessed. Greater DMPFC subsystem connectivity at rest was associated with greater support giving (though not receiving or perceiving support) at the time of the scan and one month later. Results held after adjusting for extraversion. In addition, greater resting-state DMPFC subsystem connectivity was associated with attenuated dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula and amygdala activity to others’ negative emotional social cues, suggesting that DMPFC subsystem integrity at rest is also associated with the dampened withdrawal response proposed to facilitate care for others in need. Together, results begin to hint at an additional role for the ‘default’ social brain: giving support to others.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress of International Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Multidimensional Effects of External Environment, Individuals’ Behavior, and Their Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9758
Author(s):  
Tao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
International Students ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Multidimensional Effects ◽  
And Behavior

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant impact on society. In particular, it has had a strong impact on college students, including international students. Through an online questionnaire survey, it is found that the psychological distress experienced by international students is the result of a combination of the external environment (including the lockdown measures, social distancing, and social support) and internal factors such as values and behavior. The analysis shows that the new teaching mode and the corresponding changes in learning behavior are significantly associated with the psychological distress brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic. In addition, the influence of international students’ values also plays a significant role in their psychological distress. Collective values are conducive to the alleviation of psychological distress, while individual values have the opposite effect. At the same time, the study also reveals that if there is sufficient social support, isolation (due to lockdown or social distancing early or later on) is not necessarily directly related to psychological distress. However, only formal social support can effectively alleviate psychological distress, while informal social support does not play a similar role. These conclusions have certain policy significance for the prevention of and response to epidemics in other countries.

TOWARDS EXPLAINING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SHYNESS AND LONELINESS: A PATH ANALYSIS WITH AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Jackson ◽  
April Fritch ◽  
Takeo Nagasaka ◽  
Jennifer Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interpersonal Competence ◽  
Presentation Style ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Low Levels

Numerous studies have observed a robust correlation between shyness and loneliness but few have attempted to explain why this relationship exists. This study assessed the extent to which variables associated with self-presentation approaches to shyness and social support mediated the association between shyness and loneliness. Two hundred and fifty-five American college students completed self-report measures of shyness, loneliness, expectations of rejection, interpersonal competence and close social support. A path analysis indicated that high levels of shyness were related to features of a protective style of self-presentation (perceived deficits in interpersonal competence, heightened expectations of rejection). In turn, low levels of interpersonal competence predicted reductions in social support. Together, measures indicative of a protective self-presentation style and reductions in social support predicted increases in loneliness. However, shyness and loneliness had a significant association, even after controlling for the influence of self-presentation and social support. Findings suggest that although features of protective self-presentation and social support may partially explain the association between shyness and loneliness, shyness and loneliness are also directly related.

Sex Differences in Social Support, Loneliness, and Depression among Korean College Students

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Social Support Network ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Korean College Students

This study examined the sex differences in reports of social support (network size and satisfaction), loneliness, and depression among Korean college students and examined whether measures of social support and loneliness predicted depression scores. In the sample were 452 college students enrolled in four universities in Korea. The women reported a larger social support network size and being less satisfied with their support than the men. Women reported higher scores on the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory than men. Social support satisfaction scores and network size on the Social Support Questionnaire–6 and scores on the Loneliness Scale predicted scores on Depression in both the groups. Loneliness was the largest predictor of Depression for either sex. The amount of variance in Depression accounted for by Loneliness was 35% for women and 24% for men.

Exploring Facets of a Social Network to Explicate the Status of Social Support and Its Effects on Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia Hsun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
The Status ◽  
Junior College Students

International Chinese five-year junior college students were examined with regard to the status of actual social support and perceived stress, the relationship between actual social support and perceived stress, and the status of a social network, in order to explain how actual social support operates. Sixty-four students from a population of 313 responded to the questionnaires which included the Actual Social Support Scale (Jou, 1994), the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983), and the Measure of Social Support Network Scale (Blyth & Traeger, 1988). Results showed that students in Taiwan exhibit higher perceived stress and experience lower actual social support, higher actual social support may result in lower perceived stress, and the students' social network was limited to segregation with international Chinese college students in Taiwan. This suggests that more social contact with local people may help students to enlarge their social network, thus offering better social support for alleviating perceived stress.

How important is parenthood? Childlessness and support in old age in England

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. CLARE WENGER ◽  
ANNE SCOTT ◽  
NERYS PATTERSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Male Breadwinner ◽  
The Social ◽  
Principal Finding ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Provision Of Care

Familial relationships are popularly and sociologically viewed as crucial to the social support of elderly people, and of these the relationships between adult children and their parents are generally regarded as the most important (Finch and Mason 1993). But could these expectations be part of a cultural myth? In actuality, does the distinction between parenthood and childlessness make much difference to social support in old age? The present paper addresses this question. Using data from Liverpool, it compares the support networks of older people in three categories: parents (nearly always married); those who married but remained childless; and those who did not marry and remained childless. Its principal finding is that childlessness has a negative impact on support network strength only for single men and for married women. This suggests that youthful investment in a lasting marriage incurs high social opportunity costs for women in old age, unless offset by the survival of children. The findings have implications for the evaluation of social policies that are based on the expectation that individual female family members, in the context of a male-breadwinner family, will provide ‘caring’ for dependent persons. Such provision of care may incur diminished receipt of care for some women in old age.

The Mediating Effects of Attachment to Social Structure and Psychosocial Resources on the Relationship Between Marital Quality and Psychological Distress

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelia R. Cotten ◽  
Russell P.D. Burton ◽  
Beth Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Path Models ◽  
Using Data

All marital relationships are not alike. The quality of the marital relationship may be an important determinant of health outcomes. The authors suggest that low marital quality is stressful for married people and that resources (i.e., self-esteem, mastery, and social support) may mediate the effects of relationship quality on distress. Using data from the “Americans’ Changing Lives (ACL): Wave 1” data set, they examine a series of path models to determine the mediating effects of these resources on distress. Marital harmony is more strongly associated with psychological distress than other relationship characteristics. Self-esteem and mastery account for much of the mediating effects, with and without the inclusion of support resources. No gender differences in relationship quality, resources, or social support were found at the multivariate level. The results reflect the importance of self-esteem and mastery for health and well-being over and above the effects of relationship quality and social support.

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