THE HOSPITAL ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SCALE: HOMOGENEITY OF THE SUBSCALES

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egil Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Clinically Significant

The H.A.D.-scale was originally used as a screening test for assessing the presence of clinically significant degrees of anxiety and depression. It has also been used as a measuring instrument outside hospital care. The main questions in this study are: l) Do the test items fit a sample of non-clinical persons? 2) Are the two subscales of Depression and Anxiety homogeneous? In total 163 persons answered the questionnaire. Two factor analyses are reviewed, a two factor solution and a four factor solution. The two factor solution did not split the items in the way originally intended. A four factor analysis with three interpreted factors gave a better solution. The analysis leads us to recommend great caution when interpreting the H.A.D.-scale, especially when used in a population outside of hospital care.

A-121 Functional Outcomes in Bilingual Persons with Traumatic Brain: The Role of Mood

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1171-1171
Author(s):  
Winter Olmos ◽  
Daniel W Lopez-Hernandez ◽  
Isabel Munoz ◽  
Laura Schierholz ◽  
Rachel A Rugh-Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pearson Correlations

Abstract Introduction We examined the relationship between depression and anxiety, language, and functional outcomes in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The sample consisted of 48 acute TBI (ATBI: 23 Spanish-English Bilinguals; 25 English monolinguals), 30 chronic TBI (CTBI: 17 Spanish English Bilinguals; 12 English monolinguals), and 47 healthy comparison (HC: 29 Spanish-English Bilinguals; 18 English monolinguals) participants. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A). The Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4) was used to measure functional outcomes (ability, adjustment, participation). Results An ANCOVA, controlling for age, revealed the ATBI group reported lower anxiety levels compared to the CTBI group, p = 0.034 np2 = 0.06. HC participants demonstrated significantly higher functional ability compared to both TBI groups, p < 0.05, np2 = 0.08–0.19. The ATBI group demonstrated worse participation scores compared to the CTBI and HC groups, p = 0.001, np2 = 0.11. Pearson correlations revealed mood was related to functional status in ATBI monolinguals (HADS-A: r = 0.29–0.64; HADS-D, r = 0.49–0.62). Monolingual participants with ATBI demonstrated correlations between depressive symptoms and functional adjustment (r = 0.57, p = 0.005) and ability (r = 0.44, p = 0.034). For monolinguals with CTBI, HADS-A correlated with functional outcomes, r = 0.60–0.66, p < 0.05. For bilinguals with CTBI, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.53–0.66, p < 0.05, and HADS-D, r = 0.54–0.66, p < 0.05. For HC monolinguals, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.53–0.70, p < 0.05, and HADS-D, r = 0.50–0.72, p < 0.05. Finally, for HC bilinguals, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.59–0.68, p < 0.05. Conclusion Our results suggest that a relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms is related more to functional outcomes in monolingual TBI survivors compared to bilingual TBI survivors.

Screening for depression and anxiety in cancer patients using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan T. Carroll ◽  
Roger G. Kathol ◽  
Russell Noyes ◽  
Tina G. Wald ◽  
Gerald H. Clamon
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety

The Mediational Effect of Weight Self-Stigma in the Relationship between Blatant and Subtle Discrimination and Depression and Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Magallares ◽  
Patricia Bolaños-Rios ◽  
Inmaculada Ruiz-Prieto ◽  
Pilar Benito de Valle ◽  
Jose Antonio Irles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Stigma ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Obesity Stigma ◽  
Subtle Discrimination ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObesity may be considered a social stigma. In addition, people with obesity are frequently aware of stigma directed at others who have a similar weight and come to think stigmatized thoughts about themselves. Our study focused specifically on how blatant and subtle discrimination and weight self-stigma are related to depression and anxiety in people with obesity. The sample comprised 170 participants from the Clinical Nutrition Unit of the “Hospital de Valme” (Seville, Spain). The Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Perceived Discrimination Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. It was found that blatant and subtle discrimination and weight self-stigma were positively related to depression (.31, .38, and .45 respectively) and anxiety (.30, .36, and .49 respectively; all ps < .01). The path analysis conducted showed that there was a mediational effect of weight self-stigma between blatant (β = .36) and subtle discrimination (β = .40) and depression (β = .24) and anxiety (β = .49; all ps < .01). According to these results, it can be said that weight self-stigma was a full mediator in the model found because the relationships between the independent and the dependent variables were non-significant. Finally, results are discussed in the frame of the obesity stigma literature, and some clinical implications of the results of the study are suggested.

scholarly journals NÍVEL DE DOR, ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO EM PACIENTES COM DOR LOMBAR ATENDIDOS EM UM CENTRO DE FISIOTERAPIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (Especial 5) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Silas de Oliveira Damasceno ◽  
José Henrique Piedade Cardoso ◽  
Raíssa Puzzi Ladvig ◽  
Luana Martins de Paula ◽  
Renilton José Pizzol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Disability Questionnaire ◽  
Mri Score

Pain, anxiety, and depression are symptoms that need attention in physiotherapeutic practice, once they influence the functionality of patients, so understanding them becomes an important tool. The aim of the study was to verify the levels of pain, depression, and anxiety in patients attended at a physiotherapy center. A cross-sectional clinical study in which a sociodemographic questionnaire was applied, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (MRQ). Seven patients participated and presented a MRI score of 18.57 ± 2.63 points, HADS in the topic anxiety 12.71 ± 5.43 points, HADS depression 9.57 ± 5.22 points and the resting VAS presented an average of 4 , 42 ± 3.9 pain points and in motion showed 8.71 ± 0.95. It is concluded that the population with low back pain has high intensity of pain, probable anxiety and possible level of depression.

scholarly journals Catastrophization is related to the patient and not to the severity of migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 682-685
Author(s):  
Eduardo Almeida Guimarães Nogueira ◽  
Flavia Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Vitor Martinez de Carvalho ◽  
Carina Telarolli ◽  
Yara Dadalti Fragoso
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain Scale ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Background: Catastrophization is a psychological aspect of pain that alters its perception and expression. Objective: To investigate the feature of catastrophization in migraine. Methods: An online survey of individuals suffering from migraine attacks at least twice a month, for at least one year was carried out. Confidentiality was assured and participants gave details of their headache (including a visual analogue pain scale) and answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Catastrophization Scale questionnaires. Results: The survey included 242 individuals with migraine attacks at least twice a month. The median scores observed in this group of individuals were 7 for pain, 11 for anxiety, 7 for depression, and 2 for catastrophization. Catastrophization had no correlation with the duration (p=0.78) or intensity (p=0.79) of the migraine. There was no correlation between catastrophization and headache frequency (p=0.91) or the monthly amount of headache medication taken (p=0.85). High scores for catastrophization (≥3.0) were identified in one third of the participants. These high scores were not associated with age, headache duration, pain severity, frequency of attacks, or traits of depression or anxiety. There was a moderate association between both depression and anxiety traits with catastrophization. Conclusions: Catastrophization seems to be a trait of the individual and appears to be unrelated to the characteristics of the migraine.

scholarly journals Assessing the Predictor Roles of Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence for Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Pınar Ünal-Aydın ◽  
Yasin Arslan ◽  
Orkun Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mindfulness (MF) and spiritual intelligence (SI) as predictors of depression and anxiety, the most frequent manifestations of mental disorders – among 184 Turkish participants of diverse ages, predominantly students, living in Istanbul and Sarajevo. Four instruments were administered either directly or via web-based services: Scale for Spiritual Intelligence (SSI), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire – Short Form (FFMQ-S) and Sociodemographic Information Form. Through the use of linear regression analysis, Actaware (b=-.19, p≤.001), Nonjudge (b=-.22, p≤.001), Nonreact (b=-.19, p≤.001) subscales of FFMQ-S were found to be negative predictors for depression and anxiety, whereas, Self-understanding subscale of SSI was not significant. Although our findings suggest that spiritual intelligence is not significant in prediction of depression and anxiety, our research provides empirical evidence for the link between MF, SI, depression and anxiety, as well as revealing MF as predictor for anxiety and depression which may be useful for further improvements in the scope of current interventions.

The Risk of Depression and Anxiety in the Post-diagnostic Period of Multiple Sclerosis Measured by Screening Instruments and Structured Interviews

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S236-S236 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hoang ◽  
E. Stenager ◽  
E. Stenager
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectiveTo examine the risk of depression and anxiety in MS patients in the post-diagnostic period by using clinical screening instruments and a diagnostic structured clinical interview.MethodA population of 134 MS patients was examined for the risk of depression and anxiety in the post-diagnostic period of MS using the clinical screening instruments Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Within six weeks of diagnosis, patients with cut-off > 12 for BDI and > 7 for HADS were offered a clinical structured interview using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry/SCAN Version 2.1.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression in the post-diagnostic period of MS was 49.2% when using the screening instruments, but only 15.2% when using the SCAN interview. For anxiety, the prevalence was 3.4% for both the screening instruments and the SCAN interview in the post-diagnostic period of MS.ConclusionMS patients have a risk of depression and anxiety in the post-diagnostic period of MS, but it is crucial to consider which tools to use in a clinical setting to investigate depression and anxiety in MS patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Disorders in an Arctic Community

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Haggarty ◽  
Zack Cernovsky ◽  
Patricia Kermeen ◽  
Harold Merskey
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objective: To determine the rates of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse, using modern nosology, in a random sample of residents aged 14 to 85 years living in an Arctic community. Method: A cross-sectional 2-step survey of randomly selected households was undertaken, using a self-report questionnaire to screen for anxiety, depression, and alcohol abuse. The survey included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Ewing and Roose's 4-question alcohol screening instrument (the CAGE questionnaire). Cut-off scores for the HADS and CAGE were found by comparing HADS and CAGE scores with scores on the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-III-R (SCID) in a stratified subs ample. Results: Estimated rates of depression and anxiety were 26.5% and 19.0% respectively within the past week, and estimated rates of lifetime alcohol abuse were 30.5%. Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of psychiatric disorders in this Arctic community is higher than that indicated in previous findings on Native mental health.

Depression, anxiety and multiple sclerosis: Links with alexithymia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1698-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Aloulou ◽  
C. Hachicha ◽  
R. Masmoudi ◽  
A. Boukhris ◽  
C. Mhiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Degree Of Disability

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in a population of patients treated for multiple sclerosis (MS) and their link with alexithymia.Method31 patients with MS according to McDonald's criteria, and followed in neurology department took part in the study. All patients were evaluated using a protocol to collect the epidemiological, clinical and evolution of the disease. We used versions of Arabized-Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess the mood state and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for alexithymia.Results and commentsParticipants were divided on 18 women and 13 men with a mean age of 39 years. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 42% and 52% respectively. The prevalence of alexithymia was 43%. The anxiety was correlated with the degree of disability and age of disease onset. Similarly, depression was more frequently observed in patients with higher EDSS, a long period of evolution. A positive correlation was found between alexithymia, depression and anxiety.Our study showed that half of all MS patients have mood disorders. However, depression is the most common and most disabling psychiatric disorder in MS. The place of anxiety should not be neglected because in case of comorbidity with depression, can be an aggravating factor. The frequency of alexitymia is high and appears to be positively correlated with depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Frailty, depression, and anxiety in later life

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aine M. Ní Mhaoláin ◽  
Chie Wei Fan ◽  
Roman Romero-Ortuno ◽  
Lisa Cogan ◽  
Clodagh Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinically Significant

ABSTRACTBackground: Anxiety and depression are common in older people but are often missed; to improve detection we must focus on those elderly people at risk. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome inferring increased risk of poor outcomes. Our objective was to explore the relationship between frailty and clinically significant anxiety and depression in later life.Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design and involved the assessment of 567 community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years recruited from the Technology Research for Independent Living (TRIL) Clinic, Dublin. Frailty was measured using the Fried biological syndrome model; depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; and anxiety symptoms measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results: Higher depression and anxiety scores were identified in both pre-frail and frail groups compared to robust elders (three-way factorial ANOVA, p ≤0.0001). In a logistic regression model the odds ratio for frailty showed a significantly higher likelihood of clinically meaningful depressive and anxiety symptoms even controlling for age, gender and a history of depression or anxiety requiring pharmacotherapy (OR = 4.3; 95% CI 1.5, 11.9; p = 0.005; OR = 4.36; 95% CI 1.4, 13.8; p = 0.013 respectively).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that even at the earliest stage of pre-frailty, there is an association with increased symptoms of emotional distress; once frailty develops there is a higher likelihood of clinically significant depression and anxiety. Frailty may be relevant in identifying older people at risk of deteriorating mental health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document