scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF LAW AND ECONOMY IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
SERGEY BORISOVICH BOKACH ◽  
◽  
TAT’YANA PAVLOVNA BUTENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Development Objective

The article examines the relationship between civil legislation and the laws of economic development, objective laws of social development and their subjective regulation, an analysis of literary sources, the history of the development of the state and ideas about the economics of law of modern authors, made it possible to conclude that the development of civil law is influenced not only by the objectivity of laws but also subjective factors, including tradition.

Prologue

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
City State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This prologue provides an overview of the history of early and medieval West Africa. During this period, the rise of Islam, the relationship of women to political power, the growth and influence of the domestically enslaved, and the invention and evolution of empire were all unfolding. In contrast to notions of an early Africa timeless and unchanging in its social and cultural categories and conventions, here was a western Savannah and Sahel that from the third/ninth through the tenth/sixteenth centuries witnessed political innovation as well as the evolution of such mutually constitutive categories as race, slavery, ethnicity, caste, and gendered notions of power. By the period's end, these categories assume significations not unlike their more contemporary connotations. All of these transformations were engaged with the apparatus of the state and its progression from the city-state to the empire. The transition consistently featured minimalist notions of governance replicated by successive dynasties, providing a continuity of structure as a mechanism of legitimization. Replication had its limits, however, and would ultimately prove inadequate in addressing unforeseen challenges.

The Relationship of Human Intelligence With Technique/Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-201
Author(s):  
Ali Gurbuz ◽  
Ozge Nilay Erbalaban Gürbüz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The history of creating technical/technological tools continues, from the days when man designed the first tools to the days when artificial intelligence was designed. In this adventure, which ranges from the production of the first tools to the development of the method of burning fire, from communication tools to the idea of society as a technical abstraction, from war tools to clocks, machines, automatons, and artificial intelligence, will be analyzed the functions of intelligence philosophically and historically. Today's cybernetic societies, where artificial intelligence is developed, are a natural consequence of the technical/technological evolution of human intelligence. In this transition period, where the creation of artificial intelligence and the anthropological future of the human species are discussed together, the perspectives of philosophical culture that are stuck between artificial and natural dilemmas will be explored. Through analysis of Steven Spielberg's Artificial Intelligence film, the meaning of cyber future perception in culture will be revealed.

Buddhism in the history of China in Southern and Northern kingdoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Leonid Yangutov ◽  
Marina Orbodoeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eastern Jin ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development ◽  
North And South

The article is devoted to the history of Buddhism in China during the period of the Southern and Northern Kingdoms (Nanbeichao, 386-589). The features of the development of Buddhism in the North and South are shown. Three aspects were identified: 1) the attitude of emperors of kingdoms to Buddhism; 2) the relationship of the state apparatus and the Buddhist sangha; 3) the process of further development of Buddhism in China in the context of its adaptation to the Chinese mentality, formed on the basis of the traditional worldview. It was revealed that Buddhism in the context of its adaptation to the Chinese mentality, both in the North and in the South, developed with the traditions of Buddhism of the Eastern Jin period to the same extent.

scholarly journals Plato and Fichte: education as an engine of political changes

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Petr V. Klenin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Education System ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Project ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the historical and philosophical examination of the educational concepts by Plato and Fichte. The philosophers selected for comparative studies present a view of education as an engine of political changes, that`s why the article emphasizes philosophical explication of their positions. Plato’s and Fichte’s views on the problem of education are different as they both lived in different époques, but they were times of crisis. However, their loyalty to the societal ideal, the purpose of rethinking the value of education in the state, make it possible to compare their teachings. Education in Plato’s philosophy aims to change the state fundamentally, when education in Fichte’s philosophy contributes to its transformation. The specific pedagogical procedures established by both philosophers are in focus of this article and are important for understanding the relationship of philosophy and education. Thus, Plato proposes to divide pedagogical tasks in accordance with inequality of social estates, while Fichte considers education as a national project for civil society. The relevance of this problem stems from modern appeals to reform the education system depending on political and social problems, but philosophers approach this issue from а different point of view and it is important to trace the peculiarities of this approach in light of history of Philosophy.

The relationship of the tax system model and the stage of economic development of the state on the example of China

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Ю.Ю. Косенкова
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
System Model ◽  
Tax System ◽  
System A ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

В данном исследовании была сделана попытка установить связь между стадией экономического развития государства со сформировавшейся моделью налоговой системы на примере налоговой системы КНР. В рамках проведенного анализа первоначально обосновывалось отнесение национальной экономики к той или иной стадии экономического развития. Далее на основе изучения особенностей налоговой системы был сформирован перечень характеристик, присущих налоговым системам государств, находящихся на индустриальном этапе развития. The study establishes a connection between the stage of economic development of the state and the established model of the tax system using the example of the tax system in China. First of all, the attribution of the national economy to a particular stage of economic development is justified. Then, on the basis of studying the features of the tax system, a list of characteristics inherent to the tax systems of states at the industrial stage of development was formed.

Enlightenment and Utility: Informational Film as Useful Cinema

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter outlines recent scholarly work on film made for purposes other than entertainment: to persuade, instruct and inform. Throughout the history of the moving image, governments, businesses and other interest groups have used film to educate their workers and the public, establishing networks and mechanisms to produce, screen and distribute predominantly short and narrow-gauge films, often on an international scale, and outside the theatrical cinema circuit. Such filmmaking has been termed ‘useful cinema’; this chapter explains how and why scholarly interest in the phenomenon has increased since the late 2000s, discusses the taxonomy of its various sub-genres, and outlines emerging research methodologies. The chapter also situates Danish informational film within this critical and historical framework. A brief outline is provided of the Danish institutions involved in producing and distributing informational cinema from the 1930s to the 1960s, including Dansk Kuturfilm and Ministeriernes Filmudvalg, covering extant scholarship in the field, and the relationship of the commissioned film and the state.

The Problem of Credible Commitment in the Sphere of Ownership and the Russian Way of Vertical Political Integration

2010 ◽  
pp. 4-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Volkov
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Credible Commitment ◽  
Credible Commitments ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the relationship of state and business in todays Russia. The author briefly summarizes the history of those relations and shows that due to mutual distrust and lack of incentives with regard to formalization of their interactions as well as to the states inability to provide credible commitments in the sphere of ownership both the state and Russian oligarchs preferred creating a vertically integrated state capitalism in Russia. Such a form of economic organization in this case involves concentration of power in the hands of top officials and bureaucrats and manual management of the national economy based on personal ties.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Meat without Animals: Outcast Objects and the Improvement of London

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Geier
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Covers the long history of the Smithfield animal market and legal reform in London. Shows the relationship of civic improvement tropes, including animal rights, to animal erasure in the form of new foodstuffs from distant meat production sites. The reduction of lives to commodities also informed public abasement of the butchers.

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