scholarly journals INVOLVEMENT OF SOME ALLERGENS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGIN IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS RELATED TO RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-74
Author(s):  
Hemalata V. Dange
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Animal Dander

In India, the prevalence of allergic responses and bronchial asthma is on the rise, which is a major public health concern. Increased exposure to an allergen, a substance that causes a reaction, can cause allergy sensitization in genetically vulnerable people. Continued exposure to allergens can raise the risk of allergic diseases which can further progress into life threating respiratory diseases. Allergic reactions to a variety of indoor and outdoor allergens play a key role in severe breathing disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are distinctive kinds of allergens like animal proteins and animal dander, pollen, food, fungi, mould, Insects, Bird droppings and many others. The common allergens that cause respiratory difficulties have been identified after an honest effort. A modest retrospective analysis of 160 patients was done. Their medical history was gathered in order to determine whether or not they had been exposed to allergies in the past. All of the study participants were given a Skin prick test (SPT) with a variety of allergens, and their allergy status was evaluated based on the results. Most allergens, such as dust mites, pollen grains, and pigeon droppings, have been discovered to cause severe respiratory allergies, which can lead to life-threatening respiratory complications.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF AIRBORNE FUNGAL ALLERGENS: BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOPROTEOMIC APPROACH : A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Biological Particles ◽  
Fungal Allergens ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Recombinant Technology ◽  
Animal Dander

Atmospheric air contains a wide variety of components like inorganic gaseous, particulate pollutants and biological particles such as fungal spores, pollen grains, dust mites and animal dander that can affect human health. Among biological particles, airborne fungal spores are an essential source of aeroallergens. In India, allergy prevalence has become a major health concern with symptoms ranging from mild rhinitis to severe asthma and even life threatening anaphylaxis. Aerobiological studies provide qualitative and quantitative information about fungal spores of a given region. The proper identification, purification and molecular characterization of fungal allergens are essential for proper diagnosis and to design immunotherapeutic vaccines. Only a few fungal allergens have been characterized by recombinant technology and structural biology. Detailed analysis of fungal biochemistry can be done by using multiple techonologies including Skin Prick Test (SPT), ELISA, immunonoblot, MALDI TOF, genome and transcriptome sequencing, recombinant technology and bioinformatics. The purpose of this review is to describe the different strategies that have been used to identify, purify and characterize the fungal allergens, which may enrich the database of allergy research and help in the implementation of immunotherapy in future.

scholarly journals Allergic Diseases Caused by Aspergillus Species in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Aidan K. Curran ◽  
David L. Hava
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids

Aspergillus spp. are spore forming molds; a subset of which are clinically relevant to humans and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. A. fumigatus causes chronic infection in patients with chronic lung disease such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF). In patients with CF, A. fumigatus infection can lead to allergic disease, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) which is associated with high rates of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations and lower lung function. ABPA results from TH2 immune response to Aspergillus antigens produced during hyphal growth, marked by high levels of IgE and eosinophil activation. Clinically, patients with ABPA experience difficulty breathing; exacerbations of disease and are at high risk for bronchiectasis and lung fibrosis. Oral corticosteroids are used to manage aspects of the inflammatory response and antifungal agents are used to reduce fungal burden and lower the exposure to fungal antigens. As the appreciation for the severity of fungal infections has grown, new therapies have emerged that aim to improve treatment and outcomes for patients with CF.

DIETARY ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS VISITING TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF LAHORE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is an aggravating and major health concern throughout the world. It is estimated that in upcoming years chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be rankedas third common reason of mortality and fifth common cause of disablement worldwide.

scholarly journals Regenerative pharmacology for COPD: breathing new life into old lungs

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 890-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Poul Ng-Blichfeldt ◽  
Reinoud Gosens ◽  
Charlotte Dean ◽  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
Matthew Hind
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Peripheral Airway ◽  
Alveolar Tissue

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health concern with few effective treatments. Widespread destruction of alveolar tissue contributes to impaired gas exchange in severe COPD, and recent radiological evidence suggests that destruction of small airways is a major contributor to increased peripheral airway resistance in disease. This important finding might in part explain the failure of conventional anti-inflammatory treatments to restore lung function even in patients with mild disease. There is a clear need for alternative pharmacological strategies for patients with COPD/emphysema. Proposed regenerative strategies such as cell therapy and tissue engineering are hampered by poor availability of exogenous stem cells, discouraging trial results, and risks and cost associated with surgery. An alternative therapeutic approach is augmentation of lung regeneration and/or repair by biologically active factors, which have potential to be employed on a large scale. In favour of this strategy, the healthy adult lung is known to possess a remarkable endogenous regenerative capacity. Numerous preclinical studies have shown induction of regeneration in animal models of COPD/emphysema. Here, we argue that given the widespread and irreversible nature of COPD, serious consideration of regenerative pharmacology is necessary. However, for this approach to be feasible, a better understanding of the cell-specific molecular control of regeneration, the regenerative potential of the human lung and regenerative competencies of patients with COPD are required.

scholarly journals CONCEPT OF DUSHI VISHA (CUMULATIVE TOXICITY) IN MODERN ERA: A CRITICAL REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Anita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Body ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Cumulative Toxicity ◽  
Latent Stage ◽  
Animal Dander ◽  
Modern Era

In present era, thousands of harmful toxins are accumulated in environment are taken by human beings in different forms. These harmful toxins cause cumulative toxicity in human being which results in symptoms that can be seen slowly after their long- term use. These harmful toxins may be of Sthavara Visha/plant origin (e.g. Fruits and vegetables contaminated with pesticides, ripening agents, infections, heavy metal toxicity in plants, Maida, Pollen grains, dust, Latex from plants) Jangama Visha/ animal origin (e.g. Animal dander, adulteration in milk and milk products, Sea food containing heavy metals such as Hg, PCBs) Kritrim Visha (e.g. Toxic ingredients in cosmetics, Food preservatives, Food Flavouring agents, Synthetic Colour Additives, Environmental Pollution, Agricultural poisons, Medications like aspirin etc.). This Cumulative toxicity is similar to Dushi Visha as described in Ayurveda. A poison, which is having fewer properties, which means less than ten classical properties that a poison should contain, or either the poison which is having lesser potency of all the ten properties, attains a latent stage in the body is called as Dushi Visha (latent poison). The aim and objectives of this study is to study the concept of Dushi Visha in modern era and its toxic effects on human body.

scholarly journals A study on prescribing pattern and medication adherence in elderly COPD and bronchial asthma patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Anbu D. ◽  
Benimana Grace ◽  
Manna P. K. ◽  
Babu Raj K.
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma are common among elderly people and have become a major public health concern of today. The purpose of this study is to identify the prescription pattern and role of medication adherence in the COPD and bronchial asthma. Prescription pattern monitoring (PPMS) are mainly focus on prescribing, dispensing, administering of drugs they promote appropriate use of monitored drugs and reduction of abuse/misuse.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at department of medicine in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. A total of 90 patients were enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and the data was collected using designed data collection form.Results: Out of 90 patients, male (81.10%) and female (18.90%) are reported with COPD and bronchial asthma. On prevalence 57 (63.34%) of patients with co-morbidities and without co-morbidities 33 (36.66%). Among co-morbidity patients, 38.90% of patients has type-2 diabetes mellitus. PPA indicate that cephalosporins (46.68%), macrolides (38.88%) class of antibiotic are used prominently along with corticosteroids of hydrocortisone 47 (62.66%) and prednisolone 28 (37.34%). 47 (62.66%) patients received expectorants and anti-tussive in that, Ipratropium bromide + levosalbutamol (50%) are commonly prescribed.Conclusions: This study concludes that COPD and bronchial asthma was most predominant in elderly patients and its treated with mainly antibiotics and corticosteroids with bronchodilators in the way of inhalers and nebulizers. The rational use of drugs and patient counselling reflects a better medication adherence.

scholarly journals Why new biology must be uncovered to advance therapeutic strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 (1) ◽  
pp. L1-L11
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. K. Nguyen ◽  
Douglas N. Robinson ◽  
Venkataramana K. Sidhaye
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Causes Of Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by the destruction of alveolar tissue (in emphysema) and airway remodeling (leading to chronic bronchitis), which cause difficulties in breathing. It is a growing public health concern with few therapeutic options that can reverse disease progression or mortality. This is in part because current treatments mainly focus on ameliorating symptoms induced by inflammatory pathways as opposed to curing disease. Hence, emerging research focused on upstream pathways are likely to be beneficial in the development of efficient therapeutics to address the root causes of disease. Some of these pathways include mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal structure and maintenance, and airway hydration, which are all affected by toxins that contribute to COPD. Because of the complexity of COPD and unknown targets for disease onset, simpler model organisms have proved to be useful tools in identifying disease-relevant pathways and targets. This review summarizes COPD pathology, current treatments, and therapeutic discovery research, with a focus on the aforementioned pathways that can advance the therapeutic landscape of COPD.

scholarly journals The Main Risk Factors for the Number of Serious or Critical Cases of Covid-19: How is the Health of Brazilians?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haniel Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs) have been a major public health concern worldwide, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, in addition to obesity, which is even more worrying when the subject involves the covid-19 pandemic, because such incidences correlate with the need for intensive care units, including the possibility of death of the patient. Therefore, for countries with the highest numbers of critical cases, it is important to assess the incidence of these diseases to guide the public that most needs guidance on public policies for social isolation.

scholarly journals COPD

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 847-853
Author(s):  
Saba Ajaz Baloch ◽  
Farya Zafar ◽  
Huma Ali ◽  
Ali Akbar Sial ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Type I ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bode Index ◽  
I 11 ◽  
Male Patients

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered asa major public health concern to the medical community. COPD is associated with episodicexacerbations which are evident as enhanced dyspnea, worsening of lung function, coughand production of sputum. Objectives: To assess 126 COPD exacerbated patients in a tertiarycare hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Various wardsof tertiary care Ziauddin Hospitals. Period: November 2016 to April 2017. Methods: Patientswere classified into Type I, II and III exacerbation. Consent was taken from patients’ caregivers,while hospital permission was also obtained. At the time of study all the patients were receivingappropriate therapy and patients were clinically in stable condition. Data collection wasperformed by thorough reviewing and recording the data from patients’ medical records. Also,the questionnaire was filled by the principal investigator to collect three evaluation parametersincluding MMRC Dyspnea Scale Score, Bode Index and Dose Index Scoring System. Datawas expressed in terms of percentages.Direct medical costs were also determined in Rupees(Rs.) of these patients. Results: Results indicated that most of the male patients were foundto have exacerbation. It was found that patients having smoking habits were found to havehigher frequency of COPD exacerbation (Type I, 11 (8.730 %); Type II, 36 (28.571 %); TypeIII, 40 (31.746 %)) as compared to non smokers. Major complaints which were found in 126patients were shortness of breath, fever, cough and increased sputum. It was found that mostcommon comorbid diseases found in 126 patients were hypertension, diabetes mellitus andtuberculosis. In this study, the direct cost analysis of 126 COPD exacerbated patients were alsocarried out. Conclusion: Present study indicated multiple indicators for repeated exacerbationsin COPD. Which in terns increase the treatment costs for the patients.

Oral and nasal probiotic administration for the prevention and alleviation of allergic diseases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Iman Ahrari ◽  
Jafar Salimian ◽  
Mehrdad Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Abstract Interaction between a healthy microbiome and the immune system leads to body homeostasis, as dysbiosis in microbiome content and loss of diversity may result in disease development. Due to the ability of probiotics to help and modify microbiome constitution, probiotics are now widely used for the prevention and treatment of different gastrointestinal, inflammatory, and, more recently, respiratory diseases. In this regard, chronic respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and allergic rhinitis are among the most common and complicated respiratory diseases with no specific treatment until now. Accordingly, many studies have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of probiotic administration (mostly via the oral route and much lesser nasal route) on chronic respiratory diseases. We tried to summarise and evaluate these studies to give a perspective of probiotic therapy via both the oral and nasal routes for respiratory infections (in general) and chronic respiratory diseases (specifically). We finally concluded that probiotics might be useful for allergic diseases. For asthmatic patients, probiotics can modulate serum cytokines and IgE and decrease eosinophilia, but with no significant reduction in clinical symptoms. For COPD, only limited studies were found with uncertain clinical efficacy. For intranasal administration, although some studies propose more efficiency than the oral route, more clinical evaluations are warranted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document