scholarly journals Arquitectura común: aprendiendo de los habitantes y sus prácticas cotidianas

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (60) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Carlos Lange-Valdés ◽  
María Jesus Amigo-Ahumada
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Common Architecture ◽  
Everyday Knowledge

Over the last decade it has been possible to see growing ties between several architectural groups and urban communities located mainly in territories marked by decay, informality, and inequality. This process has generated a progressive recognition of the value that the daily practices of inhabitants and their communities have in the production of new ways of living, which poses new challenges for the development of the area. Starting from a description and analysis of a neighborhood improvement experience, self-managed by the inhabitants, this article addresses this challenge by proposing the formation of a common architecture, understood as a process of production of spatiality, supported by communalization dynamics that are open to new learnings that incorporate the everyday knowledge of the inhabitants and their communities.

Stability and Change in Everyday Knowledge: From Taken for Granted to Social Representation

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Francesca Emiliani
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Knowledge

What do we talk about when we talk about everyday life? This chapter considers everyday life as a “metasystem” in Moscovici’s terms, a normative system that checks and organizes knowledge and thought. Looking at social representations theory, the chapter considers the structuring power of this metasystem, referring to two kinds of research where the absence (for deprived children) or suspension (in the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy) of everyday life causes delays in children’s development and dismay in adults. The suspension of ordinary life highlights the social representation of “normality.” The structure of the “everyday life” metasystem is largely taken for granted, and this calls into question the relationship between the taken-for-granted and the knowledge that constructs social representations or, in other words, between stability and change in common knowledge.

scholarly journals Climate change contributing to conflicts between livestock farming and guanaco conservation in central Chile: a subjective theories approach

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Solange P. Vargas ◽  
Pablo J. Castro-Carrasco ◽  
Niki A. Rust ◽  
José Luis Riveros F.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Lama Guanicoe ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Conservation Conflict ◽  
Everyday Knowledge

Abstract Negative interactions between guanacos Lama guanicoe and ranchers have recently intensified in central Chile because guanacos are perceived to be competing with livestock for pasture resources. We examined this conservation conflict with a novel approach that considers ranchers' subjective theories, to better understand the origins of the conflict and to identify effective conservation measures based on the participants' explanations. Our findings indicate that ranchers see the source of the current problem in a shift towards increasingly arid conditions associated with climate change. We suggest the ranchers’ perceived problems are not only caused by interspecific resource competition arising from this climatic shift, but also by reported difficulties in negotiating with governmental institutions. This study adds to knowledge of human–wildlife interactions by exploring a further dimension of the complex ecological and social interactions taking place on livestock farms. We recommend identifying effective, acceptable solutions by considering and understanding the everyday knowledge of the conflict's protagonists and their potential for change.

scholarly journals Szabadság határokkal, avagy európai útmutató a szólásszabadság jogszerű gyakorlásához

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
László Vári
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Case Law ◽  
European Law ◽  
Fake News ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
New Challenges

Az online kommunikációs tér kínálta lehetőségekkel, illetve annak egyre terjedő használatával felértékelődött a vélemény és a kifejezés szabadságának jelentősége, a mindennapok szóhasználatával pedig a szólás- és sajtószabadság szerepe. Nemcsak azért, mert a mobil világ kiváló, eddig nem ismert lehetőségeket hordoz magában a szabadságjog gyakorlásához, érvényesüléséhez, hanem mert a digitális korban újabb, eddig ismeretlen vagy kevésbé jelentős problémák is felerősödnek. A félrevezető és álhírek, a profilfelfüggesztés, a kommenttörlés, a rágalmazás, és a gyűlöletbeszéd még sokáig lehetne sorolni azokat a problémákat, melyek egytől egyig a kifejezés szabadságának jogszerűtlen gyakorlatára vezethetők vissza. Mindezek nemcsak egyéni, de társadalmi szinten is komoly veszélyt jelentenek, így befolyásolva a demokratikus társadalmakat és azok fejlődését. Éppen ezért válik jelentőssé az a kérdés, hogy hogyan lehet a szólásszabadság sérelmére visszavezethető problémákat kiküszöbölni, és az említett kihívásokra megoldást találni. A következő oldalakon a nemzetközi és európai jogból, azok magyarázataiból és az európai joggyakorlatból kiolvasható válaszokat gyűjtjük össze, hogy rávilágítsunk a jogsértések okaira, és európai megoldásokat keressünk azok orvoslására. --- Liberty with limitations, a European guide to the rightful exercise of the freedom of expression In the digital age, in line with the opportunities of cyberspace and the increasing use of mobile communication the importance of freedom of expression, the so-called free speech and freedom of the press have become more salient. Not only because they carry new opportunities for the practice and the prevalence of freedom, but because new challenges emerge alongside new opportunities. Misleading and fake news, profile suspensions, deleted comments, defamation, hate speech and many other problems, can all stem from the violation of the freedom of opinion and expression. These violations of freedom carry dangers both at an individual and sociatal level, thus influencing the everyday life of democratic societies and their development. Therefore, the question becomes crucial: how can we fix these problems and provide the best solution to these challenges. In the following we will explore international and European law, their explanations and the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in order to find European explanations behind the reasons for violations, as well as legal solutions for exercising freedom of expression. Keywords: freedom of expression, international and regional freedom of expression law, European case-law, 3rd party liability, public watchdogs, misleading and fake news, defamation, hate speech, copyright

scholarly journals “Deficient Education,” “Academic Questions,” and Student Movements:Universities and the Politics of the Everyday in Brazil's Military Dictatorship, 1969–1979

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-732
Author(s):  
Colin M. Snider
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
National Congress ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Student Politics ◽  
Education Academic

As the globally eventful year of 1968 drew to a close, Brazilian university students living in what was then a four-year-old dictatorship faced two new challenges that would profoundly alter student politics and resistance on campuses in the coming decade. The more infamous was Ato Institucional 5 (Institutional Act No. 5, or AI-5), which Brazil's military regime decreed on December 13, 1968 (a Friday). History and historiography have rightfully acknowledged AI-5 as ushering in the most repressive and authoritarian phase of Brazil's military dictatorship, with the regime closing the national congress and dramatically escalating state-sponsored violence and political silencing in ways that exponentially intensified earlier forms of repression and censorship.

scholarly journals Narrative citizenship, resilience and inclusion with dementia: On the inside or on the outside of physical and social places

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte L Clarke ◽  
Cathy Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Experiences ◽  
Services And Supports ◽  
The Individual

There has been little research that addresses the importance of place in enabling resilience and citizenship – most to date focussing on these as a characteristic of the individual. This paper reports on findings from a qualitative study that aimed to explore the everyday experiences of living with dementia within rural and semi-urban communities. Data collection included a sequence of four research diaries and interviews with 13 families living at home with dementia and interviews with service providers and commissioners (a total of 57 diaries, 69 interviews with people living with dementia and 6 interviews with service providers and commissioners). Key themes identified included: Others Knowing and Responding; Socially Withdrawing and Feeling Excluded; Sustaining and Changing Activities; Belonging and Estrangement from Place; Engaging Services and Supports. The study found that familiarity with people and place can be supportive, and these factors support a narrative citizenship in which people can tell a story of inclusion and feeling on the inside. However, this familiarity with place may also create a social barrier and a sense of estrangement, or being on the outside. Narrative citizenship allows us to explore how people with dementia position themselves in relation to others and in so doing, negotiate their own and other’s understandings of dementia. It also allows for people to tell stories about themselves in relation to their sense of belonging in a social and physical place, which augment the personal and political approaches to citizenship and thus offers an approach that enhances individualised yet collective understandings of living with dementia.

Alexa: A Pandora's Box of Risks

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Russell Walker
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
New Challenges

Launched in 2014, Amazon's Echo and Echo Dot smart speakers led the category's rapid adoption by households and enabled the penetration of artificial intelligence (AI) voice assistants into the everyday lives of millions of people. By 2019, Alexa the virtual brains behind Amazon's smart speakers was able to play music, create reminders, get weather reports, control lights and other home appliances, shop, and do much more in response to voice commands. Amazon had developed significant new capabilities for Alexa, developed an entire ecosysgtem around it, expanded Alexa's user base to more than 100 million users, and made significant progress in monetizing its digital voice assistant. However, Alexa's progress also created new challenges for Amazon, its Alexa-enabled customers, and society at large. Amazon needed to identify and address these challenges in order to encourage continued consumer acceptance and preclude detrimental government or regulatory action.

scholarly journals Durkheim, Vygotsky and the Curriculum of the Future

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. D Young
Keyword(s):  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Future ◽  
Lev Vygotsky ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Knowledge

This paper is concerned with the principles on which the curriculum should be based. It argues that the fundamental issue is the relationship between the knowledge on which the curriculum is based and the everyday knowledge that learners bring to school or college. The approaches to knowledge of two educational theorists, the French sociologist, Emile Durkheim, and the Russian psychologist, Lev Vygotsky, are discussed. While pointing out some of the limitations of their approaches, the paper argues that their attempts to integrate the objectivity and the historicity of knowledge must remain at the heart of future curriculum debates.

scholarly journals Ethnic deportations to Altai krai: stages, structure, numerical strength, peculiarities of distribution (the years 1939–1956)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
T. K. Shcheglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Post War ◽  
Almost All

The article considers involuntary ethnic deportations during special operations to the territory of Altai krai from the European part of the USSR in the context of the national state repressive deportation policy in pre-war, war and post-war periods. The author finds out the structure and numerical strength of deportees, the time of deportation and the places of quartering in Altai krai. It is underlined that the peculiarity of deportation settlements was dispersive distribution of deportee families along the area of the region including almost all the territories and rural settlements of the region. The main method of solving the problem of settlement at the places of deportation was sharing the local people dwellings by means of their compacting. It is supposed that the polyethnic structure of the migrants, deported as politically unreliable or guilty with their settling in urban and rural communities created a special situation in the everyday life of Siberian community. The author comes to the conclusion about the necessity of studying host rural and urban communities of Altai krai as well as Siberia in general, their adaptation to new conditions and factors, determined by deportation, its influence on the culture, everyday life, life conditions and life sustaining practices of Siberian communities in extreme conditions.

scholarly journals Comparación de la implementación de una propuesta didáctica diseñada por dos profesores

2016 ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mtra. Liliana Tarazona Vargas ◽  
Dra. Antonia Candela
Keyword(s):  
Science Teaching ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Master Degree ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Everyday Knowledge

Este es un estudio etnográfico centrado en el proceso de formación continua de dos profesores en uno de los seminarios de la maestría que cursan. Nuestro propósito es analizar cómo participan los profesores en una propuesta de formación en enseñanza de ciencias basada en la práctica docente cotidiana. Es conocida la influencia de los saberes docentes en la manera como ellos ponen en práctica propuestas que otros les aportan. Sin embargo, son escasos los trabajos que analizan cómo implementan propuestas elaboradas por ellos mismos, como se realiza en este artículo. Aquí se encuentra que la implementación de una misma propuesta en los dos grupos de los maestros que la elaboraron conduce a diferentes prácticas. Del análisis de esas diferentes implementaciones se pueden interpretar cuáles son las consideraciones implícitas de los docentes sobre el aprendizaje, la influencia de las diversas condiciones de trabajo y de sus orientaciones didácticas implícitas. AbstractThis is an ethnographic study focused on the process of training in service of two teachers at one seminar of the master degree they study. Our purpose is to analyze the teachers' participation in a training proposal for science teaching based on the everyday teaching practice. The influence of teachers’ everyday knowledge on how they put into practice proposals developed by other specialists is already known. However, there are less researches addressing how teachers implement proposals designed by them, as it is done in this paper. In this research it is shown that different practices result from the implementation, at their groups, of a proposal done by two teachers. Their implicit considerations about learning, the impact of their working conditions and their implicit didactic orientations can be analyzed from the differences in the implementation. Recibido: 15 de octubre de 2015Aceptado: 14 de abril de 2016

scholarly journals O valor documental do quotidiano: uma leitura histórica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Brandão ◽  
Pedro Mota Teixeira ◽  
António Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Korpys
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Film Genre ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Lumiere Brothers

Since its origin, the audiovisual documentary has played an important role in recording not only certain historical events, but also the ways of life of local communities. In this paper we will present an historical reading on the exploration of topics from everyday life in documentary filmmaking. This is something that cuts across the entire history of cinema, from the earliest recordings by the Lumière brothers in the late 19th Century to the experiences created on the crowdsourcing model in the early 21st Century. As the documentary gained momentum as a film genre, important filmmakers like Flaherty and Vertov presented their distinct views on the everyday lives of people. In the 1930s, the sociological and anthropological research project called Mass Observation created an observatory on the daily lives of the English. Later, in the 1950s and 1960s in France, the United Kingdom and the United States, avant-garde movements emerged in documentary cinema: respectively, Cinéma Vérité, Free Cinema and Direct Cinema. From these movements, the work of a group of filmmakers and anthropologists who made documentary films about native populations and about the everyday lives of urban communities of the time will be highlighted, taking special attention to the work of Jean Rouch and his self-reflective approach to cinema that lead him to explore the inclusion of the subject filmed in the actual process of constructing the film.

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