scholarly journals Anton Chekhov’s Sakhalin Island: An Ongoing Commentary

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Olga V. Spachil
Keyword(s):  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
The Status

A study of the currently existing translations of Anton Chekhovs Sakhalin Island (From Travel Notes) (Luba and Michael Terpak - 1967, Brian Reeve - 1993) shows that the reason for some errors in translated texts is not always due to the negligence of translators, which is so clearly noticeable in the first translation, but rather in the incomprehensibi- lity for foreigners of some realia in the original text. Reference to two available Сommentaries on Sakhalin Island, by M.L. Semanova (1985) and M.S. Vysokov (2010), as well as to the works of other Chekhov scholars, did not give the sought-after explanations of certain vague excerpts from the book. Those obscure excerpts are also poorly understood by the Russian readership. In particular, we are talking about Chekhovs mention of the use of a naval rope in the surgical department (Chapter VII) and the perception of the status of a class feldscher/paramedic (Chapter XII). The author of the article offers her own commentary on difficult-to-understand passages and thus fills the gap that has arisen. Conclusions are drawn about the need to continue to provide Chekhovs Sakhalin Island with commentaries and notes. Such commentary should serve two purposes. Its linguistic and cultural character should help to clarify the realias not only for representatives of a foreign linguistic culture - in order to prevent gross errors in translations, but also for the present-day Russian reader, separated from the time when A.P. Chekhovs book was written by almost one hundred and thirty years.

scholarly journals The Elevation of the See of Constantinople at the Council of Chalcedon: The Course of the Procedure

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 236-251
Author(s):  
Mikhail Gratsianskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Original Text ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Equal Status ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Multiple References ◽  
Court Of Appeal ◽  
Political Actions ◽  
The Church

Introduction. Despite multiple references to the proposed topic in the scholarly literature, it still seems relevant to identify and consistently describe the entire set of measures taken at the Council of Chalcedon in order to raise the status of the see of Constantinople. Methods. The work is based on the application of the historicalcritical method of analysing source data of the original text, compiled in Greek and Latin. Analysis. The article consistently describes and analyses the church-political steps and actions taken during the conciliar meetings, which paved the way for the elevation (“addition to honour”) of the see of Constantinople, which took place during the 17th conciliar act. These measures included the corroboration of the status of the Council of Constantinople in 381 as the Second Ecumenical Council, the use of the ecclesiastical and political actions of the see of Constantinople in the previous period as court of appeal and “superprovincial” instance as precedents, as well as a demonstration of the equal status of the Archbishop of Constantinople in relation to his Roman counterpart. The result was the adoption of the so-called 28th canon and its approval by the officials presiding at the council, and then by the emperor Marcian himself. Results. The author concludes that the actions taken by the officials, who were presiding at the council, and the representatives of the Church of Constantinople during the council were planned and consistently aimed at establishing the equal honour of the see of Constantinople in relation to the see of Rome and its second place in regard to the latter. He also points to certain similarities in the process of elevation of both sees.

scholarly journals The Themes of 1 Peter: Insights from the Earliest Manuscripts (the Crosby-Schøyen Codex ms 193 and the Bodmer Miscellaneous Codex containing P72)

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Horrell
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Intrinsic Interest ◽  
1 Peter ◽  
Important Material ◽  
Early Readers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Material Evidence

Recent developments in textual criticism have encouraged NT scholars to regard the various NT manuscripts not merely as sources of variant readings to enable a reconstruction of the original text but as interpretative renderings with their own intrinsic interest and as important material evidence for early Christianity. Taking up this cue, this paper examines what the two (probably) earliest manuscripts of 1 Peter indicate about the status of this writing, and what early readers took to be its key themes, given the other texts with which it is bound. In both cases, and with some striking overlaps, 1 Peter is regarded as a text focused on the Easter themes of the suffering, martyrdom and vindication of Christ, and the related suffering and hope of his faithful people in a hostile world. These two manuscripts also call for some reconsideration of older scholarship, now widely rejected, which saw 1 Peter as a baptismal homily or paschal liturgy. While these remain unconvincing views of 1 Peter's origins, they do rightly identify themes and connections which the earliest editors and readers evidently also perceived.

A Note on the Status of Origen's De Principiis in English

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie Rombs
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Latin Translation ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
English Edition ◽  
Critical Editions ◽  
English Translations ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe standard English translation of Origen's De principiis, translated by G.W. Butterworth and published in 1936, is based upon the earlier critical edition of Paul Koetschau. Origen's text survives through the Latin translation of Rufinus, a version that Koetschau fundamentally distrusted: Rufinus had admittedly expurgated Origen's text and could not, accordingly, be trusted. Hence the job of the editor and translator was judged to be the reestablishment—as far as was possible—of Origen's original text. Such suspicion of the text led to, among other problems, the awkward printing of parallel Greek and Latin passages in columns in Butterworth's English edition. Greek fragments and Origenistic material—that is to say, passages that were not direct quotations of De principiis, nor even directly Origen's—were inserted into Koetschau's text based upon presumed doctrinal parallels between those fragments and Origen's 'authentic' thought.We cannot reconstruct the Greek text; what we have inherited for better or worse is Rufinus's Latin translation of Peri archôn, a text that the more recent scholarship of G. Bardy and others have significantly rehabilitated confidence in. With the notable exception of English, translations of De principiis have been made in French, Italian and German, based upon more recent and more balanced critical editions. The author proposes a new English translation of Rufinus's Latin text based upon the critical edition of Henri Crouzel and Manlio Simonetti, published in the Sources Chrétiennes series.

scholarly journals إشكالية النَّص والاجتهاد بالرأي في العصر الحديث: دراسة أصولية تحليلية

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (96) ◽  
pp. 95-55
Author(s):  
رائد نصري أبو مؤنس
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Original Text ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Era

يُعَدُّ "منهج التجديد بالاجتهاد بالرأي" من أهم دعوات التجديد في العصر الحديث، والتي التفَّ حولها كبار علماء التشريع الإسلامي وأساتذته. منهج له آراؤه ومواقفه الـمُحدَّدة من قضايا التجديد، وفي مقدمتها العلاقة بين النَّص والاجتهاد بالرأي؛ بما هي قضية مشكلة تحتاج إلى وضع حدود ومعايير ضابطة لها. وقد عرض البحث لأهم مناحي دعوات التجديد في العصر الحديث، وصولاً إلى إبراز منهج الاجتهاد بالرأي، وموقفه من التجديد في النَّص الشرعي مشفوعاً بدراسة أصولية تحليلية. وانتهى البحث إلى أنَّ الاجتهاد بالرأي هو منهج تشريعي مستقر، يقبله النَّص الشرعي، قطعياً كان أم ظنياً، بكيفيات ومعايير مُحدَّدة، تحفظ للنص مكانته ووظيفته، وتُطلِق للاجتهاد آفاقاً ممتدةً. The approach of Ijtihad through opinion is considered one of the most important calls for renewal in modern era. This approach has attracted great scholars of Islamic jurisprudence and university professors. It has its own opinions and positions about issues of renewal, especially the issue of the relationship between the Islamic original text and the Ijtihad through Opinion. This issue requires setting certain conditions and criteria to guarantee needed control. This study have illustrated the most important aspects of the call for renewal in the modern era, that would highlight the approach of Ijtihad through Opinion and its position towards renewal of our understanding of the original Islamic text. In order to do that the study uses a fundamentalist analytical approach. This study has concluded that Ijtihad through opinion is a sound legal approach, accepted by the Islamic text whether our understanding of the text is categorical or just a possible one. However it should be accepted within certain qualities and criteria that preserve the status and function of the text, and open broad prospects for Ijtihad.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Status Quo of the Cultural Character Competence of Pre-Service English Teachers from the Perspective of Core Competency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jian LI ◽  
Tingting LUAN
Keyword(s):  
Core Competency ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
Educational Concept ◽  
The Status ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Since the promotion of the New Curriculum Standards, the teaching of English subjects has taken the development of students’ core competency as the specific goal, and attached great importance to the cultivation of the four dimensions of students’ language ability, cultural character, thinking quality and learning ability, among which cultural character has become a focus of recent researches on English teaching. Under the quality education and the educational concept of “people-oriented”, in-service and pre-service English teachers should also have excellent cultural qualities so as to play the role of cultural disseminators. Thus, the present paper aims to understand the status quo of pre-service English teachers’ cultural character competence through questionnaire surveys and interviews, and then analyze the root causes of this situation, and explore effective measures to improve the cultural character competence of pre-service English teachers.

The study of interfacial reactions of nickel thin films on GaAs

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
L.J. Chen ◽  
Y.F. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Interfacial Reactions ◽  
Metal Contacts ◽  
Nickel Thin Films ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
The Status ◽  
Si Doped ◽  
Electron Microscopes

One measure of the maturity of a device technology is the ease and reliability of applying contact metallurgy. Compared to metal contact of silicon, the status of GaAs metallization is still at its primitive stage. With the advent of GaAs MESFET and integrated circuits, very stringent requirements were placed on their metal contacts. During the past few years, extensive researches have been conducted in the area of Au-Ge-Ni in order to lower contact resistances and improve uniformity. In this paper, we report the results of TEM study of interfacial reactions between Ni and GaAs as part of the attempt to understand the role of nickel in Au-Ge-Ni contact of GaAs.N-type, Si-doped, (001) oriented GaAs wafers, 15 mil in thickness, were grown by gradient-freeze method. Nickel thin films, 300Å in thickness, were e-gun deposited on GaAs wafers. The samples were then annealed in dry N2 in a 3-zone diffusion furnace at temperatures 200°C - 600°C for 5-180 minutes. Thin foils for TEM examinations were prepared by chemical polishing from the GaA.s side. TEM investigations were performed with JE0L- 100B and JE0L-200CX electron microscopes.

Fate of sperm membrane in fertilized ova

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
Frank J. Longo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Electrophysiological Recording ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sperm Membrane ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Measurement of the egg's electrical activity, the fertilization potential or the activation current (in voltage clamped eggs), provides a means of detecting the earliest perceivable response of the egg to the fertilizing sperm. By using the electrical physiological record as a “real time” indicator of the instant of electrical continuity between the gametes, eggs can be inseminated with sperm at lower, more physiological densities, thereby assuring that only one sperm interacts with the egg. Integrating techniques of intracellular electrophysiological recording, video-imaging, and electron microscopy, we are able to identify the fertilizing sperm precisely and correlate the status of gamete organelles with the first indication (fertilization potential/activation current) of the egg's response to the attached sperm. Hence, this integrated system provides improved temporal and spatial resolution of morphological changes at the site of gamete interaction, under a variety of experimental conditions. Using these integrated techniques, we have investigated when sperm-egg plasma membrane fusion occurs in sea urchins with respect to the onset of the egg's change in electrical activity.

Revisiting the status of dental ethics instruction

2000 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 772-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Odom ◽  
PL Beemsterboer ◽  
TD Pate ◽  
NK Haden
Keyword(s):  
Ethics Instruction ◽  
The Status

The status of cosmology

2002 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Freedman
Keyword(s):  
The Status

Multicultural Assessment of Personality and Psychopathology in the United States: Still Art, Not Yet Science, and Controversial

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Dana
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Therapeutic Assessment ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Status ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Multicultural Assessment ◽  
Personality Description

This paper describes the status of multicultural assessment training, research, and practice in the United States. Racism, politicization of issues, and demands for equity in assessment of psychopathology and personality description have created a climate of controversy. Some sources of bias provide an introduction to major assessment issues including service delivery, moderator variables, modifications of standard tests, development of culture-specific tests, personality theory and cultural/racial identity description, cultural formulations for psychiatric diagnosis, and use of findings, particularly in therapeutic assessment. An assessment-intervention model summarizes this paper and suggests dimensions that compel practitioners to ask questions meriting research attention and providing avenues for developments of culturally competent practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document