scholarly journals PSEUDOEXPHOLIATIVE SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
B. B. Bekmirova ◽  
M. A. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Modern Level

Today, the clouding of the lens is one of the common pathology of the organ of vision. The clouding of the lens-cataract is one of the most common causes of blindness and low vision in children and adults. According to most authors, the main method of cataract treatment is surgical. In modern cataract surgery, the leading place is occupied by the most common cataract extraction method, phacoemulsification. The modern level of phacoemulsification technology made it possible to perform operations less traumatic, gave a full restoration of visual functions. It makes no sense to talk about the indications of IOL implantation, since Currently, there is a wide range of IOL models that can be implanted for all types of complicated cataracts. It is advisable to talk about contraindications, in this case, the surgeon makes a decision based on the material capabilities, experience, and perfection of the surgical technique. There are various associated syndromes in the development of cataracts. One of the syndromes that occurs in cataracts is the pseudo-excoliation syndrome. This review addresses the unresolved issues of pseudoexfoliation syndrome. The results of studies of some scientists, data analysis, clinical cases and ways to solve this problem are considered. In particular, a number of questions remain about the tactics of patient administration before and after surgical interventions. This syndrome, as far as we know, affects the development and outcome of the disease. It is sometimes difficult to diagnose pseudo-excoliation syndrome at an early stage, sometimes contradictory statements about the initial appearance of the syndrome are encountered. The issues of prevention of postoperative complications, less traumatic surgical approaches at various stages of PES remain open.

In vivo aortic wall characteristics at the early stage of atherosclerosis in rabbits

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. H1142-H1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hironaka ◽  
M. Yano ◽  
M. Kohno ◽  
T. Tanigawa ◽  
M. Obayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vascular Responsiveness

To assess whether vascular responsiveness to alpha-receptor agonist is altered at the early stage of atherosclerosis, in vivo aortic pressure-diameter relationship of the aorta over a wide range of pressures was analyzed before and after the acute administration of alpha-receptor agonist (phenylephrine) in nine hypercholesterolemic fat-fed (7-wk-old) rabbits and eight normal diet-fed (7-wk-old) rabbits. In hypercholesterolemic fat-fed rabbits, there was no major structural change in the aortic wall except fatty streak, despite a marked increase in the level of plasma cholesterol, indicating the early stage of atherosclerosis of the aorta. By using a modified three-element Maxwell model, diastolic stress-strain relationship was computed after applying several assumptions to the actual aortic pressure-diameter relationship. After the intravenous administration of phenylephrine at a rate of 5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1, the stress (ordinate)-strain (abscissa) relationship curves were shifted to the left, indicating the activation of aortic smooth muscle by phenylephrine. The difference between the stress before and after phenylephrine showed a single peak at a certain strain. The peak difference in the stress was smaller in hypercholesterolemic fat-fed rabbits than in normal diet-fed rabbits, indicating the reduction of vascular responsiveness at the early stage of atherosclerosis of the aorta.

scholarly journals Approaches to Female Congenital Genital Tract Anomalies and Complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 367-376
Author(s):  
Emine Ince ◽  
Pelin Oğuzkurt ◽  
Semire Serin Ezer ◽  
Abdülkerim Temiz ◽  
Hasan Özkan Gezer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Vesicovaginal Fistula ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Renal Anomaly ◽  
Imperforate Hymen ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Unicornuate Uterus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transvesical Approach

Objective: Female congenital genital tract anomalies may appear with quite confusing and deceptive complications. This study aims to evaluate the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of female congenital genital tract anomalies that frequently present with complications. Summary: During a 10-year period, we evaluated 20 female patients with congenital genital tract anomalies aged between 3 days and 16 years. All patients were retrospectively analyzed in terms of the results of diagnostic studies, surgical intervention, and treatment. Methods: Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed hydromucocolpos or hematocolpometra, imperforate hymen, distal vaginal atresia, didelphys uterus, an obstructed right hemivagina, uterovaginal atresia, a unicornuate uterus with a noncommunicating rudimentary horn, a vesicovaginal fistula, a utero-rectal fistula, intraabdominal collection, and a vaginal calculus. Results: Two patients had Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome and 6 patients had obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly syndrome. Definitive surgical interventions were hymenotomy, vaginal pull-through, vaginovaginostomy, and vesicovaginal fistula repair using a transvesical approach. In conclusion, female congenital genital tract anomalies may appear with a wide range of complications. Conclusions: There is a potential to do significant harm, if the patient's anatomic problems are not understood using detailed imaging. Revealing the anatomy completely and defining the complications that have already developed are critical to tailor the optimal treatment strategies and surgical approaches.

scholarly journals Experience of effective antiviral therapy in a liver recipient with recurrent HCV infection genotype 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
D. V. Umrik ◽  
O. M. Tsiroulnikova ◽  
I. A. Miloserdov ◽  
R. A. Latypov ◽  
E. T. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Before And After

HCV infection is one of the most common causes leading to the development of terminal liver diseases – cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, the main treatment for which is orthotopic liver transplantation. However, with continued virus replication, 100% reinfection occurs, which leads to the rapid progression of cirrhosis of the graft and the loss of its function. Standard interferon-containing therapy is ineffective for HCV infection, especially genotype 1, both before and after transplantation, and also has a wide range of adverse events. The article presents the successful experience of treating the recurrence of HCV infection 1 genotype in a patient who underwent liver transplantation and several courses of ineffective antiviral therapy.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RESULTS OF CATARACT SURGERY IN THE SMALL PUPIL EYE BY PHACOEMUSIFICATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Van Minh Pham ◽  
Van Nam Phan ◽  
Thi Thu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Small Pupil

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics of cataract patients with small pupils and to evaluate the result of cataract surgery on the eye have small pupils by phacotechnique. Subjects and methods: Descriptive study, prospective, uncontrolled interventions. Sample selection. The sample size of 70 patients with 70 eyes of cataracts with small pupils was treated by phaco technique and intraocular lens implant within posterior chamber. Follow up to 3 months. Results: 70 eyes, the percentage of men and women was not different from 54.2% (38 male) compared to 45.8% (32 female). The mean age was 80 ± 8.74, from 58 to 99 years. The disease was mainly found in the age group over 70 years old with over 80% (51.5%). Visual acuity before surgery was very poor under 3m CF (count finger) for 68.6% (48/70). Visual acuity over 1/10 was only a small amount with 2.8% (2 eyes). Pseudoexfoliation was the most common reason complications of mydriasis with 32/70 eyes (45.7%) and 22/70 eyes (31.4%) for age. The preoperative pupilarysizewas mostly small with 63/70 eyes (90.0%), non-dilated pupils (7/70 eyes) (10.0%). Average pupil size was 3.34 mm (2 - 4mm). Iris condition: iris atrophy 20/10 eyes (28.6%), iris synechiae 11/10 (15.7%), irregular iris muscle with 51, 4% and good iris muscle accounted for 48.6%. Grade of cataract: Grade III: 31/70 eyes (44.3%), Grade IV: 32/70 eyes (45.7%), Grade II: 5/70 eyes (7.1%) and V:2/70 eyes (2.9%). Pupil expander technique: OVD injection with 42/70 eyes (60%), using iris hook with 23/70 eyes (32.9%). Pupillary size before and after intervention has changed from 3.7mm to 4.48mm. Conclusions: Iris expander techniques have been shown to have good dilated pupils: 60.0% OVD injection, iris hook was 32.9%, other methods 7.1% One-week visibility of good visual acuity was higher than that of postoperative one day (12.2%) and increased at 1 month and 3 months (20.0%). Very good visual acuity was not available and low vision group was 1.4% after 3 months. Key words: cataract surgery; phacoemusification, small pupil

A Comparative Study of Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana in the Management of Shweta Pradara

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka M. Tenahalli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Group B ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Iron And Calcium

Shweta Pradara (Leucorrhoea) is the disease which is characterized by vaginal white discharge. Vaginal white discharge this symptom is present in both physiological and pathological condition, when it becomes pathological it disturbs routine life style of the woman. Most of the women in the early stage will not express the symptoms because of hesitation and their busy schedule. If it is not treated it may leads to chronic diseases like PID (Garbhashaya Shotha etc.) Charaka mentioned Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana. This treatment is used in Shweta Pradara shown positive results, hence a study was under taken to assess its clinical efficacy. 30 diagnosed patients of Shweta Pradara were randomly selected, allocated in three groups. Group A and Group B received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana respectively and Group C received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu followed by Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana for 15 days. The patients were assessed for the severity of the symptoms subjectively and objectively before and after the treatment and at the end of the follow up. Data from each group were statistically analyzed and were compared. No side effects were noted and it may be considered as an effective alternative medicine in Shweta Pradara (leucorrhea). Amalaki is rich in natural source of vitamin C and contains phosphorus, iron and calcium. Honey contains carbohydrate, vitamin C, phosphorus iron and calcium. All together these help to increase Hb% and immunity. Vata Twak Kashaya contains tannin which helps to maintain normal pH of the vagina.

scholarly journals Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities for Nanoscale Optical Sensing: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-Quan Yang ◽  
Bing Duan ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Ai-Qiang Wang ◽  
Xiao-Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Wide Range

The ability to detect nanoscale objects is particular crucial for a wide range of applications, such as environmental protection, early-stage disease diagnosis and drug discovery. Photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) sensors have attracted great attention due to high-quality factors and small-mode volumes (Q/V) and good on-chip integrability with optical waveguides/circuits. In this review, we focus on nanoscale optical sensing based on PCNC sensors, including ultrahigh figure of merit (FOM) sensing, single nanoparticle trapping, label-free molecule detection and an integrated sensor array for multiplexed sensing. We believe that the PCNC sensors featuring ultracompact footprint, high monolithic integration capability, fast response and ultrahigh sensitivity sensing ability, etc., will provide a promising platform for further developing lab-on-a-chip devices for biosensing and other functionalities.

scholarly journals Non-Albumin Proteinuria (NAP) as a Complementary Marker for Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD)

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Jaehyun Bae ◽  
Young Jun Won ◽  
Byung-Wan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Tubular Injury ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Wide Range

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common forms of chronic kidney disease. Its pathogenic mechanism is complex, and it can affect entire structures of the kidney. However, conventional approaches to early stage DKD have focused on changes to the glomerulus. Current standard screening tools for DKD, albuminuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate are insufficient to reflect early tubular injury. Therefore, many tubular biomarkers have been suggested. Non-albumin proteinuria (NAP) contains a wide range of tubular biomarkers and is convenient to measure. We reviewed the clinical meanings of NAP and its significance as a marker for early stage DKD.

Perioperative Skin Conditioning for Patients With Skin of Color

2021 ◽  
pp. 074880682198989
Author(s):  
Alix Ferdinand ◽  
Suzan Obagi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Postoperative Phase ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After

The interest in cosmetic procedures for patients with skin of color is on an upward trend. Globally, dyschromia and hyperpigmentation remain the most common disorders for which patients seek treatment. The goals of a perioperative skin conditioning program include allowing a broad range of patients to be treated regardless of skin phototypes, maximizing results, and reducing risk of complications such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and managing post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation if it occurs. The purpose of this article is to highlight common pigmentation concerns among patients with skin of color, the topical agents used to combat these concerns, and a practical approach to creating an effective yet straightforward topical skin care regimen that can be used across a wide range of patient skin phototypes. Before and after photos of patients with a variety of pigmentation concerns are presented along with a description of the treatment regimen used to improve their conditions and to get their skin to a safer state prior to performing any office-based procedures. By understanding the main concerns of patients with skin of color, one can use a simple and effective skincare regimen to allow these patients to be more safely treated. An effective skincare regimen both prepares the skin prior to procedures and postoperatively to help minimize dyschromias in the postoperative phase.

scholarly journals Medical and surgical interventions to improve the quality of life for endometriosis patients: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Nicola D’Alterio ◽  
Stefania Saponara ◽  
Mirian Agus ◽  
Antonio Simone Laganà ◽  
Marco Noventa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
English Language ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surgical Treatments

AbstractEndometriosis impairs the quality of life (QoL) of many women, including their social relationships, daily activity, productivity at work, and family planning. The aim of this review was to determine the instruments used to examine QoL in previous clinical studies of endometriosis and to evaluate the effect of medical and surgical interventions for endometriosis on QoL. We conducted a systematic search and review of studies published between January 2010 and December 2020 using MEDLINE. Search terms included “endometriosis” and “quality of life.” We only selected studies that used a standardized questionnaire to evaluate QoL before and after medical or surgical interventions. Only articles in the English language were examined. The initial search identified 720 results. After excluding duplicates and applying inclusion criteria, 37 studies were selected for analysis. We found that the two scales most frequently used to measure QoL were the Short Form-36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30). Many medical and surgical treatments demonstrated comparable benefits in pain control and QoL improvement. There is no clear answer as to what is the best treatment for improving QoL because each therapy must be personalized for the patient and depends on the woman’s goals. In conclusion, women must be informed about endometriosis and given easily accessible information to improve treatment adherence and their QoL.

scholarly journals Contagion Management at the Méditerranée Infection University Hospital Institute

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2627
Author(s):  
Pierre-Edouard Fournier ◽  
Sophie Edouard ◽  
Nathalie Wurtz ◽  
Justine Raclot ◽  
Marion Bechet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Monitoring Point ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Wide Range

The Méditerranée Infection University Hospital Institute (IHU) is located in a recent building, which includes experts on a wide range of infectious disease. The IHU strategy is to develop innovative tools, including epidemiological monitoring, point-of-care laboratories, and the ability to mass screen the population. In this study, we review the strategy and guidelines proposed by the IHU and its application to the COVID-19 pandemic and summarise the various challenges it raises. Early diagnosis enables contagious patients to be isolated and treatment to be initiated at an early stage to reduce the microbial load and contagiousness. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we had to deal with a shortage of personal protective equipment and reagents and a massive influx of patients. Between 27 January 2020 and 5 January 2021, 434,925 nasopharyngeal samples were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2. Of them, 12,055 patients with COVID-19 were followed up in our out-patient clinic, and 1888 patients were hospitalised in the Institute. By constantly adapting our strategy to the ongoing situation, the IHU has succeeded in expanding and upgrading its equipment and improving circuits and flows to better manage infected patients.

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