scholarly journals Time Perspective in Patients with Affective Disorders: Review of Scientific Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-450
Author(s):  
Anna Yu Zakharova ◽  
Anna V Trusova
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depressive Episodes

The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of the Russian and international studies devoted to the phenomenon of the time perspective of the personality. The time perspective is an extremely relevant research topic, and at the same time, a littlestudied area of psychological and psychiatric science. The history of the term is briefly described, the main approaches to the definition of the concept are considered, the important properties and characteristics of the time perspective of the individual are determined. In this article, the features of the time perspective of a personality are considered with regard to anxiety and depression, important manifestations of affective disorders; the properties of the temporal perspective are considered in the context of manifestations of anxiety and depression in patients with affective disorders. The connection of the depressive episodes and the subjective attitude to the past, present, and future is marked, the role of dysfunctional time perspective in the context of depressive and anxious experiences is emphasized. The influence of subjective perception of time, especially future, on the increasing anxiety is reflected. Some foreign and domestic studies of the time perspective in patients with affective disorders are considered and analyzed. We found some differences in subjective perception of time and time perspective in patients with anxious and depressive manifestations: the speed of time in depressed patients is slowed down, in anxious patients it is accelerated; as for the attitude to the past, present, and future, in patients with severe depressive manifestations there is a pessimistic attitude to the events of the future and fixation on the events of the past.

scholarly journals Psychological features of perception of their group in temporal perspective in moldovan youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Caunenco ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Psychological Features

The article analyzes the results of an empirical study of Moldovan youth on the perception of their group in the past, present and future. The sample consisted of 200 respondents, Moldovans, university students in Chisinau. The basis for dividing the group of Moldovan youth into “optimists” and “pessimists” was their attitude to the future of their ethnic group. An empirical study of the characteristics of the perception of their group in the time perspective among young people of Moldovans revealed a great variability from “optimists”, who accounted for 43%, to “pessimists”, – 29%, which, according to researchers, is a reflection of the socio-cultural transformations taking place in Moldovan society.

scholarly journals Perspective Lines System in A.S. Makarenko’s Pedagogical Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
S. S. Nevskaja ◽  
E. Mettini
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Homeless Children ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Perspective

In the paper is investigated perspective lines system created by A.S. Makarenko, are covered problems concerning psychological time and space, meaning of life, self-actualization, consciousness and self-awareness of individual. The individual perspective is regarded as an element of evolving self-awareness of former young offenders and homeless children. In human self-awareness, structure start evolving when there are representations of in the past, present and future. In the paper are provided insights into the connection of individual time perspective and individual morality, is proved that perspective lines system fulfills a very important function in defining moral value of man and that inside Makarenko’s collective individual developed in himself those qualities that helped to enter adult life worthy and find his place in community (society).  

scholarly journals A Sense of Coherence in the Time Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Gaevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Emotional Component

The article examined the ratio of temporal perspective and the components of the sense of coherence that is of particular interest from a position of describing the quality of life experience. In the study we used the time perspective scale developed by F. Zimbardo. The main purpose of this article is to study how such components of coherence as meaningfulness, comprehensibility and manageability of life are reflected on the person’s perception of the spatiotemporal quality of life. The study established significant (positive and negative) correlations between the components of the sense of coherence and time perspective. The study found that the meaningfulness of life as an emotional component is not an indicator of a person's purposefulness or positive emotions in relation to the past and present. But comprehension largely affects the importance of what is happening in the present and in the past. Controllability is rather an indicator of the unity of the life temporary line. The overall level of coherence reflects the level of coherence of the past, present, and future. The subjects who have a more positive attitude to their own past and present, which is under their control, showed a predominance of the level of comprehension and a decrease in the level of meaningfulness. At the same time, an increase in the level of meaningfulness entails a decrease in the focus on the future. But the level of controllability of life depends only on the level of fatalism of the present.

scholarly journals Gardens in “Trilistniks” (trefoils) by I. Annensky (on “real” and symbolic meaning of the image)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Closed Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lyrical Subject ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The Individual

The development of garden space at Annensky contributes to an understanding of the individual symbolism of the poet and the principles of organizing semantic unity of the “Trilistniks” (trefoils). In the first trilistniks, the subject occupies an ambivalent position of attraction and repulsion in relation to the garden space (flowers, birds, earth). The intensity of color and smell, as well as the principle of contrast, oxymoron, are important in the description. The garden refers to biblical mythology (“Trefoil of temptation”). Nature is renewed, and man cannot get rid of the burden of the “evil” past and the idea of inevitability of death (“Sentimental trefoil”). Observing the phenomenon of light and shade in the garden, the lyrical “I” thinks about the existence of the world simultaneously outside and inside a man (“Lunar trefoil”). The garden in the “Trefoil of doomness” dedicated to the perception of time is a closed space, “the door is clogged there.” Gardens are gradually growing dim, become flatter, empty and move inside the consciousness of a lyrical subject (sleep, nonsense, fiction). The flowers on the window, the dead garden and the sky are perceived as solid, frozen surfaces (“Ghostlike trefoil”). The image of the garden takes on fantastic features: the old manor is placed in the space of a fairy tale (“Trefoil from the old notebook”), shadows in the garden turn into ghosts of the past and are condensed (“Spring trefoil”). “Trefoil of the loneliness,” the last in the series, is dedicated to the issue of alienation of a modern man from natural world and people, the bright image of the garden (lilacs, sun, bees) is located outside the personal space of the “I.”

scholarly journals Does deviation from a balanced time perspective meaningfully relate to alcohol use and symptoms of anxiety and depression? Comparing results using DBTP and DBTP-r

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. McKay ◽  
Jon C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Mental Health Symptomatology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Influence Behavior ◽  
Better Than

AbstractTime perspective research examines the way in which thoughts and/or feelings about the past, present, and future influence behavior, and deviation from a balanced time perspective (DBTP) has been suggested to be functionally disadvantageous. Recently a revised formula (DBTP-r) was suggested for the derivation of DBTP scores. The present study examined the relationship between self-reported alcohol use and both symptoms of anxiety and depression, with scores on the DBTP and the DBTP-r. Participants (N = 940, 48.09% Male) were recruited as part of a University project and completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. In analyses adjusted for age and sex, DBTP and DBTP-r performed similarly in relation to mental health symptomatology, while only DBTP-r was significantly related to alcohol use. In more adjusted models, more variance was explained in DBTP-r models although neither DBTP score was significantly related to either alcohol use or symptomatology scores when they were operationalised categorically. DBTP-r appears to discriminate better than DBTP, with the caveat that this is the first study to compare them.

The Subjective Perception of Time as a Factor of the Course of Depressive Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S143-S143
Author(s):  
V. Fedchenko ◽  
T. Panko ◽  
G. Kalenska
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionPersonal peculiarities of the individual are the separate significant factor of formation and course of depression that has a predictive value.ObjectivesInvestigation of an emotionally significant attitude of patients to their past, present, future and also depending on the severity of depressive symptoms.MethodologyForty patients with depressive episodes (F 32.0. F 32.1, F 32.2) and 35 persons without mental disorders were examined. An integrated approach was applied using the method of “Semantic time differential”.ResultsCorrelation analysis showed that in mild depression patients experienced their present condition changed, it is associated with emotional assessment of the past (r = −0.441) and extrapolated their experiences for the future–feeling doubt about their implementation in the future, including its activity (r = −0.484) and size (r = −0.523). In an moderate degree of depression patients in the present acutely realized that they had depression and from the point of view of this condition perceived their past and future–feeling a structureness and size of the past (r = 0.500) and worrying about the emotional background, structureness and activity of the future (r = −0.500. r = −0.756 and r = −0.500. respectively). In severe depression patients did not associate their condition with the past, realized the presence of depression in the present, and did not expected to improve their emotional conditions in the future (r = −0.432).ConclusionsThe data can be used to assess the dynamics of patient's conditions with depressive episodes as well as to develop an adequate psychotherapy.

A Clinical and Physiological Relationship between Anxiety and Depression

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (521) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Kelly ◽  
C. J. S. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive States

There has been a great deal of argument during the past 30 years about the symptomatic differences between anxiety and depressive states. Mapother (1926) thought that anxiety states should be regarded merely as one of the numerous sub-divisions of the manic-depressive illnesses, since they merged through a series of patients into agitated depression. Lewis (1966) too saw no sharp division between anxiety states and depression and classified agitated depression and anxiety states together as one sub-division of the affective disorders. Garmany (1956, 1958) and Mayer-Gross, Slater and Roth (1960), however, felt that anxiety states and depression were basically different forms of illness.

scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITY OF USING PICTOPOLYGRAPHY IN THE OBJECTIVE DIAGNOSIS OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Vladislav K. Shamrey ◽  
Natalia N. Baurova ◽  
Evgeniy S. Kurasov ◽  
Dmitry V. Svechnikov ◽  
Julia I. Medvedeva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Skin Response

The paper considers pictopolygraphic method in the objective diagnosis of affective disorders. 70 patients with symptoms of anxiety and depression were examined. Clinical psychopathologic and pictopolygraphic (by Software and Methodological Support Complex Egoscope) methods were implemented in the research. Pictopolygraphic method allows to carry out psychometric examination automatically using standardizedquestionnaires and scales while recording a number of physiological parameters: heart rate (HR), photoplethysmogram (PPG), electroencephalogram (EEG), galvanic skin response (GSR) and pictographic data. To assess the patient's subjective perception of the severity of anxiety and depressive disorders, the examinees completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).It has been established that the assessment of the condition of patients with affective disorders based exclusively on clinical and psychopathological method is not sufficiently informative and does not always correspond to the actual severity of existing affective disorders. The use of the pictographic method in the examination of patients with anxiety-depressive disorders of a non-psychotic level can optimize the diagnostic process, improve the accuracy and quality of the diagnostic findings. The basic correlations of physiological pictographic indicators with patient complaints has been determined. It has been shown that the most informative and sensitive component of the objective assessment of patients with anxiety-depressive disorders is the change of the heart rate.

scholarly journals Procrastination as A Factor of Subjective Perception of Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
D. Yevdokymova ◽  
V. Kacharova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Poor Concentration ◽  
Healthy Personality

In order to form a successful healthy personality, modern society requires from it more and more advanced, developed psychological qualities: to be focused, persistent, confident, organized, competitive and so on. In contrast, there is always a phenomenon such as procrastination, which can be directly negatively related to the emotional-volitional and motivational spheres, and thus be a barrier to the formation of a successful personality. This article discusses the causes and prerequisites of the phenomenon of procrastination, such as a propensity for impulsivity, orientation to search for emotions and feelings, difficulty in bridging the gap between intention and action, poor concentration. Different types of procrastination are also considered: household, decision-making, compulsive, neurotic, and academic. Features of subjective perception of time are revealed, such as age, conditioned reflexes, occupation of a person and evaluation of the past. The concept of the culture of a deadline is considered, as a phenomenon when all actions, desires and responsibilities of a person have their own end time after which, everything becomes no longer relevant. Here we will show that people tend to procrastinate when their subjective perception of time is higher. This is well manifested in the phenomenon of "delayed life syndrome". People live as if they have another life ahead of them, which is just preparation. This state is inherent in more or less everyone when some plans or dreams are postponed for later. The theoretical analysis of the concept of "delayed life syndrome" is carried out, describing the phenomenon when a person cannot live today, to enjoy what he has because he continually postpones subjectively crucial decisions for the future. Life itself is considered only as a preparation for the life of the future, the "present". The leading causes of "delayed life syndrome" are found, such as the mismatch of life expectancies that a person has formed in childhood, with real events, and the excessive desire to obtain results while ignoring the process of obtaining these same results.

scholarly journals The impact of viewer’s emotional tension on the choice of films

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Voskresenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Stimulation Of

The author analyses peculiarities of choices of motion pictures with different dy- namic characteristics, taking into consideration spectator’s subjective perception of in- tenseness of his or her life in time perspective. The student participants were offered a choice of 16 films from which they were required to select the one they would prefer to watch at the moment. The film set was formed based on the ratings of films that are popular amongst students, in which survey 187 students participated. The selected films differed in terms of temporal and dynamic characteristics, and they were famil- iar to all the 60 participants in the sample. The students were also required to rate the fullness of their life in temporal perspective. The analysis of the data revealed that the film preference appears to be compensatory in nature. The perception of one’s life as boring and barren determines the choice of dynamic films with stimulation of forced attention by means of attention reflex and actualization of basic needs. The percep- tion of one's life as dynamic and full of new experiences contributes to the selection of circumstantial cinematic narrative and stimulation of voluntary attention through actualization of social needs.

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