scholarly journals Sobornost’ and Humanism: Cultural-Philosophical Analysis of V. Ivanov Essay “Legion and Sobornost’ ”

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Florance Corrado-Kazanski
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
German Culture ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
City Of God ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

This paper addresses the philosophical and cultural significance of the concept of «sobornost’» both in the cultural context of Silver Age and in the historical context of World War I. The analysis of Ivanov’s thought is based on a philological approach of his essay «Legion and Sobornost’» (1916), in which the author explains his understanding of such terms as organisation, cooperation, collectivism in order to clarify his own idea of collegiality and the ontological opposition of the title. The opposition between legion and collegiality duplicates the confrontation between Germany and Russia. Vyach. Ivanov first conducts a cultural analysis of such a confrontation, and criticizes Nietzscheanism in German culture at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. He proves the false understanding of the organization in modern German culture. In his opinion, the main values of freedom and personhood are the measure of lies or truth. In the last chapter of his essay, Vyach. Ivanov gives his own definition of collegiality, not referring to Russian thinkers, but quoting the two cities of St. Augustine’s thought. The author of the article shows that the culturological perspective is overcome by the Christian anthropological and mystical perspective, which proclaims humanism and Christocentrism. Therefore, accordind to Vyach. Ivanov, the word “sobornost” is a “universal word”, which mentions that the true social union has Christ as its center. In this sense, the concept of collegiality signifies the same mystical reality that the City of God of St. Augustine.

scholarly journals Ballerina Sofia Fedorova II in the Russian Sculpture of the Silver Age (Stepan Erzia, Marina Ryndzyunskaya, Natalya Danko)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. Клюева
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Vyacheslav Ivanov ◽  
Professional Critics

Цель статьи – культурологический и искусствоведческий анализ трех портретных изображений выдающейся балерины Серебряного века русской культуры Софьи Федоровой 2-й (1879–1963), созданных С.Д. Эрьзей, М.Д. Рындзюнской и Н.Я. Данько. Материалом исследования являются архивные документы, отечественная периодика 1910-х гг., отзывы критиков и воспоминания современников о балерине. На основе использования сравнительно-исторического, биографического и семиотического методов представлена характеристика личности и творчества Федоровой 2-й, реконструирована ее биография; прослежена история создания трех скульптур, выявлены их художественные особенности и смыслоSвоенаполнение. Автор заключает, что Н. Я. Данько и М.Д. Рындзюнская изображают «дневную» Федорову, главным в их работах является демонстрация красоты и выразительности движений балерины. С.Д. Эрьзя запечатлел «ночную» Федорову: сосредоточив внимание на лице артистки, он сумел в своей скульптуре отразить ее сложный внутренний мир. The main aim of the article is to present an art historical and cultural analysis of three portrait images of Sofia Fedorova II(1879–1963), the outstanding ballerina of the Silver Age of Russian culture, created by masters of Russian sculpture Stepan Erzia (portrait bust, 1915, marble), MarinaRyndzyunskaya (statue, 1916, marble) and Natalya Danko (figurine, 1921, porcelain). The research materials are previously unpublished documents from the archives of Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Saransk, as well as articles from Russian periodicals of the 1910s; reviews of professional critics and memories about the ballerina. Based on the use of comparative historical, biographical, and semiotic methods, the article reconstructs Fedorova’s biography, considers various aspects of the reception of her personality and work by contemporaries: figures of literature (Vyacheslav Ivanov), theater (S. Giatsintova, E. Gogoleva, K. Stanislavsky, V. Telyakovsky), ballet (S. Grigoriev, B. Nizhinskaya), art critics and historians of ballet (Yu. Belyaev, P. Liven, S. Mamontov), other representatives of the humanitarian intelligentsia (S. Grigorov). Sofia Fedorova is known as an unsurpassed performer of characteristic dances in ballet and opera performances, as well as a ballerina who embodied the images of the innovative choreography of A.A. Gorsky and M.M. Fokin. Vyacheslav Ivanov claimed that the ballerina had “two faces”: the “daytime”, “galloping” Fedorova and the “nighttime” Fedorova, whose sphere was the “dark mysticism of the soul”. The author of the article traced the history of the creation of the three sculptures and revealed their artistic features and semantic content. The three sculptors created completely different sculptural images of Fedorova: a monumental marble figure (Ryndzyunskaya), an easel marble bust (Erzia), and a decorative porcelain figurine (Danko). According to the findings of the author of the study, Danko portrays Fedorova as “daytime” and “galloping” (nevertheless, she manages to create an ethereal image). Ryndzyunskaya also shows Fedorova as“daytime”, the sculptor is attracted by the ballerina’s grace, the beauty and expressiveness of her movement: portraying it, she focuses on purely plastic problems. Erzia is the only sculptor of the three who managed to see and capture the “nighttime” Fedorova. He is not interested in the ballerina’s dance, but in her complex deep inner world: he reflects the “dark mysticism” of her soul, conveys the state of tensity and anxiety that engulfed the woman, revealing not only signs of her incipient mental illness, but also her keen sense of the catastrophic state of the world (during World War I and the impending revolution).

A View from the Muslim Arabic Press, 1928: The International Missionary Conference in Jerusalem

Exchange ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-205
Author(s):  
Deanna Ferree Womack
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Local Response ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
City Of God ◽  
Missionary Movement ◽  
International Missionary Council ◽  
The City

This essay situates the 1928 meeting of the International Missionary Council (imc) in Jerusalem in the historical context of British Mandate Palestine. Mission historians represent this conference as a turning point in the ecumenical missionary movement because delegates rejected Euro-centrism and demonstrated openness to partnerships with members of other faiths. Beyond the gates of the conference grounds where British soldiers stood guard, however, Palestinian Muslims and Christians expressed a different view of this gathering in the city of God. Arabic newspapers covered the widespread protests against the meeting, but imc publications gave little attention to this local response. Blinded by the inspiring Biblical scenery below, John Mott and other imc leaders failed to exhibit the sort of cultural sensitivity many delegates advocated behind the closed doors of their hilltop conference.

scholarly journals Decision-Makers’ Cultural Influence on the Implementation of the European Capital of Culture: A Longitudinal Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Tsagkaridis ◽  
Federico Cavalleri ◽  
Katerina Flora
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Bidding Process

Motives for nomination as Cultural Capital of Europe (ECoC) vary. Desirable post-ECoC changes include economic growth, touristic increase, job creation, infrastructure updates, cultural development and city rebranding. This research assessed changes in stakeholders’ perceptions during the ECoC and their cultural context. Three members of Pafos2017 and a member of another local organization participated in semi-structured interviews at the beginning and end of 2017, which recorded perceptions of the city/citizens, the participants’ role in the implementation of the ECoC, their goals and major obstacles, the expected legacy of the ECoC and their perception of European culture. Qualitative content analyses from Psychology and Anthropology were used. Results demonstrate a drive for cultural development, personal commitment and passion as ways to overcome problems, a disbelief in the citizens justifying a top-down approach with minimal community involvement, and traces of post-colonial influences in the definition of the new Pafos and the quality assessment of cultural products. We argue that stakeholders’ philosophy and cities’ cultural particularities explain the critical decisions affecting the ECoC’s implementation, and propose the assessment of cities’ goals and philosophy to become part of the bidding process. Based on cultural particularities, EU could appropriately guide and support cities in achieving those goals.

Roman Republican Architecture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
English Language ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Roman Architecture ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Introductory Material ◽  
Building Typology ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The designation “Republican” refers to the Roman political period, traditionally dated between 509 and 31 bce. Roman Republican architecture is understood as the product of the built environment in the city of Rome as well as the territory controlled by Romans during this period. Scholarship on Roman architecture in general has focused on building typology; structure, materials, and construction techniques; and design and urbanism—all frequently with an interest in historical context. The study of the Republic has incorporated these traditions, but analysis of the physical remains is often restricted, due to the much degraded state of many early monuments; thus, critical study of ancient textual sources is often crucial, and study of the historical or cultural context of architecture sees increased attention. There is an equally strong—and recently deepened—interest in sociologically and anthropologically informed study of the use and experience of architecture and its effects on Roman society. The best-known aspects of architecture from the period include the construction of monumental temples in stone and terracotta at first, and later incorporating stone entablatures, roofs, and eventually concrete from foundations to superstructure. As for the geographical extent of Roman territory (both political and cultural), it was rarely static and in some cases is poorly understood; furthermore, Romans were frequently in contact with communities and cultures around them, so in some cases it is essential to look outside of Roman territory to understand Roman Republican-era architecture. This bibliography is not meant as a digest of buildings, but rather, after General Overviews and Reference Works, it covers various important topics in the field. As a whole, though, the citations have been assembled in a way that there should be at least one key source on most of the major monuments of the Roman Republic. The bibliography is limited to Italian territory, though the reader will find some references to Roman architecture from wider Mediterranean territories that Rome controlled by the mid-2nd century. Furthermore, the study of Republican architecture is necessarily tied to archaeological excavations, yet this is not a bibliography of Roman archaeology. Thus, although some seminal studies of individual monuments and excavations appear, most works are on the discipline of architectural history and questions related to it, rather than on sites and their excavation. More so than for the period of the Empire, the study of Republican architecture has been dominated by Italian scholarship, with some important work by French and German scholars. Anglophone interest has been infrequent until recently, so scholarship in English presents only a spotty picture of the state of the field. This bibliography is purposefully focused on English-language scholarship, but for some areas, works in foreign languages are essential for study beyond introductory material.

scholarly journals Modern high-rise architecture in terms of historical development of Ryazan

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Daria Duzhik ◽  
Anna Kozhnova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Planning Techniques ◽  
Primary Parameter ◽  
Photographic Images ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

Introduction. Preservation of historical and cultural environment is one of the most important tasks nowadays. Nevertheless, a developing city requires the development of architectural and urban environment, which contributes to the emerging of modern objects in historical areas of the city, often discordant. The primary parameter that determines the degree of discordance is the excess of the average height of the building, as well as architectural and stylistic parameters, placement in the structure of the city, etc. The problem of general increase in number of storeys in historical core of the city requires studies, analysis and definition of some restrictions in order to preserve the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment. Materials and methods. The work is based on the study of contemporary foreign and domestic solution experience of the problem of modern architecture in the conditions of historical construction image. The initial data for the studies were the materials of the current Project of zones of protection of objects of cultural heritage of Ryazan, and project materials developed in 2017. On the basis of field survey and the analysis of photographic images of buildings in the development, the nature and complexity of the architectural composition. Results. In accordance with the current Project of protection zones the most typical examples of multi-storey buildings in the historical context were identified, a characteristic and an assessment of the degree of their discordance were given. Conclusions. The study was aimed to solve the problem of preserving the integrity and authenticity of the historical and cultural environment in the construction of modern multi-storey buildings. The emerging of new buildings in historical core is necessary and inevitable, so, some architectural and urban planning techniques were revealed to reduce the degree of discordance

scholarly journals Historical context and current trends in the jewelry art of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Anastasiіa Varyvonchyk ◽  
Oleksandr Tsugorka ◽  
Bogdan Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Taxation System ◽  
Jewelry Industry

The purpose of the article. Illumination of the problem of the decline of traditional folk arts associated with the functioning of unique art crafts in Ukraine in the direction of jewelry art. Methodology. The research methodology is based on the use of observations of art-historical, historical and cultural analysis. The scientific novelty lies in focusing on the disclosure of historical facts of the development of jewelry art in Ukraine, which further contributed to mass production on enterprises organized by the state and the definition of the overall issue of jewelry. Conclusions. At the end of the twentieth century, most state-owned enterprises have not sustained the economic transition to market relations. The loss of the supply system of raw materials, the decomposition of interregional well-established connections, restrictions of masters in creative opportunities, an inadequate taxation system, the rise in the price of energy carriers, and the reduction of sales volumes affected the rapid fall in the activities of art jewelry. Modern masters of jewelers after the proclaiming of sovereign Ukraine continued to develop, which noted the creation of the state's poster service of Ukraine, and later the collective association - the association of jewelers of Ukraine. Oriented on world fashion trends increased the aesthetic and artistic level of products of the Ukrainian jewelry industry. Education and growth of small private jewelry firms, carrying out personal and group exhibitions of jewelers in Kyiv, Lviv, and other cities have a positive effect on the artistic form of products, which has not always correlated with the economic component.

scholarly journals The Cultural Significance of Timbre Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Lavengood
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
World Music ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Analytical Process ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Definition Of

This article is in three interrelated parts. In Part 1, I present a methodology for analyzing timbre that combines spectrogram analysis and cultural analysis. I define a number of acoustic timbral attributes to which one may attune when analyzing timbre, organized as oppositional pairs of marked and unmarked terms, in order to both aid in spectrogram analysis and account for some of this cultural and perceptual work. In Part 2, building from Allan Moore’s definition of four functional layers in pop texture, I argue for the adoption of a fifth layer, which I term the novelty layer. I study its construction in 1980s hit singles via the Yamaha DX7 synthesizer. The novelty layer is imbued with several layers of semiotic significance: it functions in opposition to the melodic layer, comprises instruments whose timbral characteristics are more resistant to blending with the rest of the ensemble, and often uses “world instruments” in 1980s popular music. This latter point is a reflection of the problematic treatment of world music by 1980s music culture. I use my approach to timbre analysis to define the timbral norms for the novelty layer as opposed to Moore’s other layers. In Part 3, I create a dialogic narrative analysis of “Do They Know It’s Christmas?” by Band Aid (1984) that demonstrates what it might mean to transgress these norms. This analysis, in acknowledging the problematic cultural associations of the song, illustrates the rich discourse that can be produced when timbre is made central to the analytical process.

Inheriting the Cultural Context and Constructing the System of Urban Characteristics: A Case Study of Nanjing

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 1313-1317
Author(s):  
Lei Ji ◽  
Jiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
The World ◽  
Nanjing City ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Characteristics

Nowadays, globalization is gradually sweeping across the world, and the traditional cultural context of the city receives unprecedented impact, the urban characteristics are gradually disappearing and there appears to be the phenomenon of “thousand cities with one face”. In such circumstances, looking through the cultural traditions of the nation, inheriting the cultural context of the city and keeping its own cultural independence and the urban characteristics have been an important issue concerned by the countries. This text takes Nanjing as an example to research on the culture of the city under the regional background from the aspects of geography, culture, economy, society and so on along the historical context. On this basis, there is also a discussion about constructing the system of urban characteristics of Nanjing, underlying causes of and approaches to deal with the the characteristics crisis of current Nanjing City.

The “Ketu Nation” of Brazilian Candomblé in Historical Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Lisa Earl Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Atlantic Slave Trade ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Ethnic Origins

Abstract The Afro-Brazilian religion of Candomblé arose during the Atlantic slave trade and has unmistakable Yorùbá influences. In the city of Salvador, the term nação ketu [Ketu nation] is used among the oldest temples in describing Yorùbá heritage. This has led some scholars to assume that the founders came from the Yorùbá kingdom by that name. This paper critically examines the idea of Kétu origins, taking as a case study the temple Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká, a national historic heritage site in Brazil that is recognized by UNESCO as a site of diasporic memory. The paper shows that the first generations of leadership were dominated by people from Ọ̀yọ́ and that the term ketu emerged not as an allusion to ethnic origins but perhaps as a metaphor for a heterogeneous cultural context in which Yorùbá speakers from disparate regions lived in close coexistence.

Vyshnivetsky Castle Library of Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky – Historical Book Heritage and Object of Bibliological and Historical Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 166-182
Author(s):  
Iryna Tsiborovska-Rymarovych
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Definition Of

The article has as its object the elucidation of the history of the Vyshnivetsky Castle Library, definition of the content of its fund, its historical and cultural significance, correlation of the founder of the Library Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky with the Book.The Vyshnivetsky Castle Library was formed in the Ukrainian historical region of Volyn’, in the Vyshnivets town – “family nest” of the old Ukrainian noble family of the Vyshnivetskies under the “Korybut” coat of arm. The founder of the Library was Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky (1680–1744) – Grand Hetman and Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilno Voievoda. He was a politician, an erudite and great bibliophile. In the 30th–40th of the 18th century the main Prince’s residence Vyshnivets became an important centre of magnate’s culture in Rich Pospolyta. M. S. Vyshnivetsky’s contemporaries from the noble class and clergy knew quite well about his library and really appreciated it. According to historical documents 5 periods are defined in the Library’s history. In the historical sources the first place is occupied by old-printed books of Library collection and 7 Library manuscript catalogues dating from 1745 up to the 1835 which give information about quantity and topical structures of Library collection.The Library is a historical and cultural symbol of the Enlightenment epoch. The Enlightenment and those particular concepts and cultural images pertaining to that epoch had their effect on the formation of Library’s fund. Its main features are as follow: comprehensive nature of the stock, predominance of French eighteenth century editions, presence of academic books and editions on orientalistics as well as works of the ideologues of the Enlightenment and new kinds of literature, which generated as a result of this movement – encyclopaedias, encyclopaedian dictionaries, almanacs, etc. Besides the universal nature of its stock books on history, social and political thought, fiction were dominating.The reconstruction of the history of Vyshnivetsky’s Library, the historical analysis of the provenances in its editions give us better understanding of the personality of its owners and in some cases their philanthropic activities, and a better ability to identify the role of this Library in the culture life of society in a certain epoch.

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