scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Ballistic Stretching Versus Modified Hold Relax Technique in Increasing Hamstring Flexibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Dutta Dr.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Postural Imbalance ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Musculoskeletal Function ◽  
Group B

In the literature, the terms “flexibility” and “muscle length” are often used synonymously when referring to the ability of muscles to be lengthened to their end range. The flexibility of the hamstring muscle is important in the prevention of injury, muscular and postural imbalance and maintenance of a full range of joint movement optimal musculoskeletal function and enhanced performance in day-to-day activities. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of modified hold-relax technique and ballistic stretching for increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of modified hold-relax technique and ballistic stretching for increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. This study includes (N=50) subjects with hamstring tightness within the age group of 18-28 years. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups (Group A and B). Group A had 25 (N=25) subjects who are treated with Modified hold- relax stretching, Group B had 25 (N=25) who are treated with ballistic stretching. The subjects were given intervention 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. ANOVA one way classification was used to compare between and within the groups. Test within the subject of effect is highly significant for both the groups. Each group has p=0.000. Test between the subjects were used to compare between the groups, it showed highly significant p=0.000. But clinically modified hold- relax is superior to ballistic stretching. The findings suggest that modified hold- relax and ballistic stretching both was statistically significant in improving hamstring flexibility. But modified hold- relax technique showed better results compared to ballistic stretching.

scholarly journals Impact of Effective Frequency Jack-knife Stretching on Preadolescent Male Football Players -Prospective Cohort Study-

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsuke Nakase ◽  
Kentaro Sasaki ◽  
Kengo Shimozaki ◽  
Kazuki Asai ◽  
Ryota Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Effective Frequency ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Straight Leg Raising ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate the effective frequency of jack-knife stretching in preadolescent male football players. Methods: We enrolled 47 male preadolescent football players (average age: 12.4 ± 0.6 years old). All participants took surveys at baseline and after intervention for 6 months. The survey items were height, weight, body mass index, anteflexion in sitting, and quadriceps and hamstring tightness. The participants were divided into two groups according to the stretching exercise frequency, where group A performed stretching at least once every 3 days and group B performed stretching less than once every 3 days. After exclusion, 17 participants were enrolled in each group.Results: There was a significant increase in anteflexion in the sitting position in group A but not group B; moreover, straight leg raising was significantly larger in Group AConclusions: Performing jack-knife stretching at least once every 3 days’ intervals could improve hamstring flexibility in preadolescent male football players.Level of Evidence Level Ⅱ

Effect of sciatic nerve mobilisation on muscle flexibility among diabetic and non-diabetic sedentary individuals: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
H. Siddiqui ◽  
S.A. Khan ◽  
T. Saher ◽  
Z.A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of sciatic nerve mobilisation on muscle flexibility among diabetic and non-diabetic sedentary individuals. The study was a pre-post experimental-group design. A sample of 40 sedentary subjects was assigned into two groups; Group A (diabetics: 10 males and 10 females) and Group B (non-diabetics: 10 males and 10 females). Both groups were tested for hamstring and calf flexibility following which sciatic nerve mobilisation was given to the most affected lower limb in terms of reduced hamstring and calf flexibility. Hamstring flexibility was checked by active knee extension test and calf flexibility was checked with the distance-to-wall technique using a tape measure. It was a two-week program in which subjects were given sciatic nerve mobilisation using sliders technique after which flexibility was checked. Three sessions per week were given for two weeks and muscle flexibility of hamstring and calf was measured after the intervention. The present study findings reveal that sciatic nerve mobilisation by sliders technique when given to diabetic and non-diabetic groups of sedentary individuals for two weeks, enhance patient outcomes in both the groups in terms of increase in hamstring and calf flexibility, but results were more significant in non-diabetic individuals as compared to diabetic individuals. In conclusion, sciatic nerve mobilisation resulted in an increase of muscle flexibility of hamstring and calf muscles in both groups.

The Effect of Static Stretch and Dynamic Range of Motion Training on the Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Vishnu K Nair ◽  
Priya S ◽  
Jishana S
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
P Value ◽  
Static Stretch ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Group B

Introduction: A normal flexibility is required for an appropriate posture and entire activity in daily life. Hamstring is the muscle that is more prone for tightness. It present in all age groups and it increases with age and more over it is the muscle that is most prone to injuries during sporting activities. With regard to various methods that contribute to increasing flexibility of hamstring muscles, the current study aimed at investigating immediate effects of static stretching and dynamic range of motion training on hamstring flexibility increasing muscle flexibility. Methodology: 30 patients, age range 21-50 years, diagnosed with the Population who had hamstring tightness and divided equally into two groups-Group A and Group B .In Group B-Static Stretch exercise and in Group A-Dynamic Range of Motion Training exercise. Result: Pre and post evaluation of active knee extension test was taken. Result shows that there was significant improvement noted in both the groups (GROUP A: P value .000, t value:-17.9) and (GROUP B: P value: .000, t value:-17.6) Conclusion: Both the static stretch and dynamic exercise can be considered as an effective method for increasing flexibility and improving functions with hamstring tightness patients. Key words: Hamstring flexibility, Dynamic range of motion, and static stretch.

scholarly journals Immediate effect of dynamic oscillatory stretching vs. neurodynamic sliding technique on stretch tolerance, popliteal angle range and hamstring flexibility in apparently healthy individuals with hamstring tightness: a pre-post clinical trail

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh B. R. ◽  
Veedika V. Marwah ◽  
Vidhi S. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Clinical Trail ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sliding Technique ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: The hamstrings being postural muscles are prone to tightness which leads to muscular imbalances and inefficiency of daily living activities. Hence, the present study aims to compare two competent techniques Dynamic Oscillatory Stretching (DOS)vs. neurodynamic sliding (NDS) technique.Methods: A Total of 60 subjects were recruited (31 males, 29 females). passive 90-90 knee extension test, modified v sit to reach test and NPRS scale were used to evaluate the range, flexibility and stretch tolerance in participants pre intervention and were allotted into Group A (DOS) and Groups B. The subjects were then re-assessed immediately post intervention.Results: The results were obtained using the independent and dependent t-tests. Post intervention results were suggestive of a significant within group result with a p=0.0001 under all the parameters. Subjects in Group a showed a greater increase in the ROM while, Group B showed a better result in flexibility and stretch tolerance.Conclusions: Both the techniques are efficient and can be incorporated in sports rehabilitation to prevent on site injury thereby improving athlete’s performance.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE FIFA 11+ AND HARMOKNEE WARM-UP PROGRAMS ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES ININDIAN ELITE FOOTBALL PLAYERS (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3001-3006
Author(s):  
N Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This study was carried to determine the benefits of fifa 11+ and harmoknee warm-up protocol in indian male football players and conclude the superiority between the two established protocols in accordance with their effects on sprinting, vertical jump, kicking accuracy, and agility. 45 healthy male footballers (mean age 21.44±5.3yrs, height1.76±0.2m&weight 73.19±11.5kgs) participated in the study. The participants were equally divided into group a= fifa 11+, group b = harmoknee, and the control group. The experimental groups (gp a &gp b) underwent training for 6 weeks, and trained for 20 minutes per session on all days except sunday (36 sessions), whereas the control group performed their regular football training. The performance tests carried out were the 20m speed test, vertical jump test, illinois agility test, and wall volley test. The results were analyzed by spss version 17. Within-group pre and post comparisons were done using paired t-test, an inter-group comparison was done using one-way anova followed by multiple comparisons bonferroni. The level of significance for all tests was set at 5% (p=0.05). In the present study, the vertical jump was improved significantly only in gp a (6.75% increase, p=0.001) as compared to gp b (p=0.082) & the control group (p=0.291). While agility improved in both gp.a (7.23% increase, p=0.00) & gp.b (5.43% increase, p=0.001), no significant improvements were observed in the kicking accuracy & sprinting ability in all the 3 groups within group comparison. However, on inter-group comparison, significant differences were observed between group a& b (p=0.009) with gp b demonstrating more kicking accuracy as compared to gp a. 6-weeks training of 11+ warm-up program enhance vertical jump and agility but it does not improve player’s kicking accuracy and sprinting ability and the harmony program improves agility but has no positive effect on sprinting and kicking accuracy in young professional male footballers. 11+ injury prevention programs can be implemented to enhance agility and vertical jump in young male football players.

Red Blood Cell Variables in Young and Mature High-Trained Football Players

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3749-3749
Author(s):  
Janet G. Grudeva ◽  
Nickolay Boyadjiev ◽  
Zdravko Taralov ◽  
Ilia Batashki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Group B

Abstract A suboptimal values of the haematological variables has often been recorded in young athletes involved in intense physical activity. There have even been reports of “sports anemia” associated with intensive physical training. There are profound studies describing the haematological changes of the soccer players after training or 90 min match. Our previous studies demonstrated lower values of red blood cell count (RBC), packed cell volume (HCT), haemoglobin concentration (HGB) in highly trained football players than in untrained controls of the same pubescent age. THE AIM: It was a matter of interest to evaluate the haematological status of 2314 football players (15.11±2.89 yrs old) and to compare the results for pre-pubescent, pubescent and mature boys recruited in the study and also to relate the values obtained to the individulal aerobic functional capacity. MATERIAS: A total of 2314 highly trained football players were included in the study. Their mean±SD age, weight, and BMI were: 15.11±2.89 yrs, 56.33±13.28 kg, and 19.62±2.58 kg/m2. The sportsmen were divided into three groups in accordance with their age: pre-pubescent (9–14 years) group A (n=1178) − 13.22±1.05 yrs (158.6±12.6 months); pubescent (15–19 years) group B (n=1029) − 16.57±1.04 yrs (198.9±12.6 months); and mature (20–35 years) group C (n=107) − 24.30±3.78 yrs (291.6±45.3 months) old. Profound clinical examination of all sportsmen was performed at the day before obtaining the blood samples. Haematological variables including RBC, HCT, HGB, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin content (MCHC), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (PLT) were analysed on a Sysmex K800 (Japan) analyser. Each football player passed also PWC170-test for assessment the working capacity on AT-104 Spiro-Ergo equipment (Schiller, Switzerland). RESULTS: All haematological variables in the groups were found in normal ranges, but the RBC was highest in group B (5.17±0.28 *1012/l vs. 5.03±0.28 *1012/l for group A, and 5.08±0.41 *1012/l for group C). Group A demonstrated not only lowest values for the RBC, but also for the HGB (144.7±6.4 g/l vs. 149.1±6.0 g/l for group B, and 151.8±7.5 g/l for group C, P<0.001), and for HCT (0.437±0.02 vs. 0.451±0.02 for group B, and 0.451±0.03 for group C, P<0.001). Group A demonstrated similar values for the above basic red blood cell parameters to these measured for great male group of same age. The pre-pubescent football players (group A) had lower MCV (87.1±2.8 fl), than the players of group B (87.5±2.9 fl) and than the players from group C (88.1±3.0 fl). No evidences for blood dilution as a result of long-term training had been found in groups B and C. There was not difference in the WBC and PLT between pre-pubescent, pubescent and mature footballers. The mature players (C-group) demonstrated higher PWC/kg than pre-pubescent (20.6±2.3 vs. 19.2±2.3 kgm/min/kg), and than pubescent boys (19.8±2.7 kgm/min/kg). Significant correlations were obtained between the age and HGB, and between the age and HCT in groups A (0.19 and 0.19 respectively) and B (0.24 and 0.15 respectively). Good correlations were found between RBC and PWC170/kg in all groups investigated. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-pubescent highly trained football players have lower values of the red blood cell variables than pubescent and mature footballers, which correlates with lower aerobic working capacity.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Pediatric Fracture Shaft Femur Fixating by Plate and Screws Using Lateral Approach Between Subvastus Lateralis and Transvastus Lateralis Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1791-1794
Author(s):  
Haider O. Hayat Ali Al-Faily ◽  
Saif Nabeel Abd Alwahab ◽  
Mohammed Sh. Al-Edanni ◽  
Sadeq A. Al-Mukhtar ◽  
Ghadeer H. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Shaft Fracture ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND: Femoral shaft fracture is a common fracture in pediatric age group reaching 62% of all fracture shaft femur in children in spite of rapid union rate and successful conservative treatment but some cases need surgical intervention and one of the methods using plate and screw by the lateral approach. AIM: This study aims to compare functional outcome fixation of mid-shaft femur fracture in children by plate and screws between (subvastus lateralis and transvastus lateralis) regarding infection, union, and limitation of knee movement. PATIENT AND METHOD: The study was done on 30 children who had diaphyseal fracture femur in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital in period (April 2018–April 2020) with 6 months follow-up, and the patient was divided into two groups: Group A first treated by subvastus lateral approach 15 patients and the second group, Group B by transvastus lateral approach 15 patients and follow-up done for them after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: At week 16 of follow-up all patients in Group A had union, while in Group B, 14 of 50 patients had union and one patient had no union and one patient in Group B had an infection when compared to Group A. From 15 patients of Group A, two patients had limitation of knee movement in the 1st month of follow-up then in the 3rd month of follow-up, no patient had limitation of knee joint movement, while five patients had limitation of knee joint movement in Group B in the 1st month of follow-up and one patient had limitation knee joint movement in the 3rd month of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The subvastus lateralis approach results better than transvastus lateralis in union.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the effectiveness of PNF stretching versus static stretching on Pain and Hamstring flexibility in osteoarthritis knee patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1789-1794
Author(s):  
Arul Pragassame S ◽  
Mohandas Kurup VK ◽  
Soundarya N
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Osteoarthritis Knee ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Group B

Osteoarthritis (OA) knee is a long-term chronic disease characterized by the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone. Pain, limitation of motion and functional impairment are common clinical features. Poor hamstring flexibility is a major problem for patients with OA knee. The stretching of the hamstring is a necessary intervention in the management of the OA knee. This study is therefore intended to compare the effectiveness of static stretching vs PNF stretching for pain, hamstring flexibility and functional mobility in OA Knee patients. 30 patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (N=15) received PNF stretching, wax therapy and isometric quadriceps exercises, and group B (N=15) received static stretching, wax therapy and isometric quadriceps exercises. The intensity of the pain was measured using the NPRS (Numerical Pain Rating Scale), hamstring flexibility by AKET (Active Knee Extension Test) and functional mobility by TUG (Timed up and Go) test. The results showed that significant differences in NPRS (Z=4.64, P=0.001), AKET (t=9.61, P=0.001) and TUG (t=8.19, P=0.001) were observed in group A patients when compared to group B. In conclusion, the PNF stretching treatment program is effective in reducing pain, improving hamstring flexibility and functional mobility in patients with OA knee compared to static stretching.

scholarly journals Post-exercise Stretching Protects Strain of Knee Joint Movement System by Relieving Knee Pain and Iliotibial Band Tension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Yin ◽  
Li-ming Zhu ◽  
Ye-qi Zhou ◽  
Hai-tao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Group A ◽  
Movement System ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Studies have reported that exercise stretching therapy has a certain effect on improving knee joint pain and knee joint function.However, few studies have compared the effects of post-exercise stretching and non-stretching on strain of knee joint movement system. The purpose of this study is to observe the influence of whether people have stretched after exercise on knee joint pain and iliotibial band tension,and to compare the difference between the stretched group and the unstretched group after exercise for further discussion.Methods Collecting data analysis of 71 people who love sports in the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District from December 2019 to October 2020, including the non-stretching group after exercise (group A, n=40) and post-exercise stretching Group (Group B, n=31), compare the differences in knee pain and iliotibial band tension between the two groups and analyze the relationship between this difference and stretching.Results The incidence of knee pain and iliotibial band tension in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P<0.05). The risk of knee pain in group A was 2.940 times greater than that in group B. The incidence of iliotibial band tension in group A was 4.190 times higher than that in group B. Conclusions 1. People who do not stretch after exercise are at higher risk of knee pain than those who stretch. 2. People who do not stretch are more likely to develop iliotibial band tension than those who stretch. 3. Stretching after exercise helps to relieve the stiffness of the iliotibial band, maintain the stability of the knee joint, and reduce the occurrence of knee pain.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Dynamic Stretching and Cryotherapy on the Physical Performance in Recreational Football Players: A Randomised Crossover Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Kalpana Zutshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
P Value ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: It has been seen that the effects of dynamic stretching and cryotherapy has good effects in the performance of the football players. There are enough evidences and literature on both individually but the comparison between the two was not found. So, with the same concept comparison has been taken out with some interventions in the recreational football players. Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study was to check the comparative effects of both the interventions upon different variables like vertical jump height, agility and 20 meter sprint. Methodology: 30 subjects were taken, who were divided into 2 groups. The first group received dynamic stretching first and then cryotherapy and the second group vice-versa. Further, after a period of 48 hours of flush out time the interventions were reversed to both the groups. Pre and post readings of variables were taken: vertical jump height, agility and 20 meter sprint. Result: Vertical jump height test was significant for both the groups, after dynamic stretching. Vertical Jump height test had a significant p-value of 0.01 in group A and non-significant value for group B, after cryotherapy that is 0.531. T-test was significant for group A with a p value of 0.01 and non-significant for group B with a P value of 0.481. Significant for group B after cryotherapy with a p-value of 0.061. Conclusion: It can be inferred from the result of the study that each Variable: vertical jump height increased significantly in Group A and B after stretching but there was no significance in group B in the vertical jump height test in which cryotherapy was given first. Cryotherapy significantly increased the 20 meter sprint. Agility increased with dynamic stretching. On comparing the two groups-A and B, it was found that the sequence of altered interventions given (dynamic stretching/ cryotherapy) do not give any significant difference in the results as a whole.

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