scholarly journals Sebaran Nyamuk Pradewasa Berdasarkan Tipe Ekosistem dan Habitat Spesifik di Kabupaten Pandeglang Provinsi Banten

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Arda Dinata ◽  
Endang Puji Astuti ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
Freshwater Swamp ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Entomological Data ◽  
Culex Sp

Abstract. The vector-borne disease remains a health problem in Pandeglang District. Entomological data isimportant in the strategy of controlling the vector-borne disease. This study aimed to determine thedistribution of mosquito larvae based on specific habitat and ecosystem typea. This research is a secondarydata analysis of Rikhus Vektora 2016 in Pandeglang, Banten Province. This type of observational researchwith cross-sectional study design. The purposive sampling technique is used based on geographical andecosystem stratification. We found 12 types of environments of the six types of ecosystems (HDP, HJP, NHDP,NHJP, PDP, and PJP) that had larvae: forest (secondary, homogeneous, and coastal); lagoon; brackish waterswamp; bamboo clumps; rice fields; plantations; and residential areas. The most ecosystem types werelarvae in HJP (160 larvae) and the least larvae in NHDP (9 larvae). Species of larvae are 16 types: rice fields(Cx. vishui, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, An. barbirostris); small hole in the ground (Anopheles sp., Culex sp.);coconut shell (Ae. albopictus, Ar. malayi, Ar. kuchingensis, Malaya sp, Culex sp.); armpit taro leaves andbanana leaves (Ae. albopictus, Malaya genurostris); freshwater swamp (Cx. vishnui, Cx. gelidus) andbrackish water (Anopheles sp.); riverside (Anopheles sp., Cx. quinquefasciatus); ditch (Culex sp.); pool (Cx.quinquefasciatus); lagoon (Anopheles sp., Culex sp.); bamboo stumps (Ae. albopictus); Limnocharis flavagarden (Culex sp.); and used bottles (Ae. albopictus). The characteristics of larvae habitat: temperature (25-33oC); pH 8-9 (67.3%); light intensity (115-32,000 lux); vegetation (12.7%); algae (3.6%); water istemporary (61.6%), inundated (78.2%) and clear (50,9%).Keywords: Habitat, Ecosystem, Larvae Vector, Pandeglang

scholarly journals A comparative study on knowledge and perception of vector borne diseases among rural and urban population in Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Roselin V. ◽  
Srisanthanakrishnan V.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Vector-borne diseases (VBD) remain a major public health challenge, in India. Knowledge about VBD, social, demographic and environmental factors strongly influence the vector transmission and results in major outbreaks. Hence this study was conducted to assess knowledge and practice along with environmental conditions prevailing in both rural and urban areas.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in rural and urban field practice area of Sri Muthukumaran Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, during June 2018 to December 2018. A total of 472 participants with 236 participants from each urban and rural area were included. Data was collected using proforma and analysis was done using SPSS 16.Results: Knowledge about VBD like dengue was 63.6% and 76.7% among rural and urban population, respectively. Similarly malaria was known by knows 59.3% and 68.2% of rural and urban participants. Japanese Encephalitis was the least known mosquito borne disease in both the groups. (p=0.0136). Common breeding sites addressed by the rural population were artificial collected water (36.9%) and urban population was dirty water (42.8%).Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of preventing vector borne disease is still lacking among both rural and urban participants. Spreading knowledge about VBD is a part in effective vector borne disease control which can be achieved by community education alone rather than insecticides and sprays.

scholarly journals Impact on Vector-Borne Diseases in COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a District in Jharkhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 424-430
Author(s):  
Vidushi Topno ◽  
Vikas Oraon
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

The study is aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) like banning mass gatherings (Lockdown) etc on vector borne diseases. This study can throw some light on the epidemiology of all vector-borne diseases under surveillance during this COVID-19 pandemic. This study is done in Dumka district, Jharkhand. Method- A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 Blocks of Dumka District. Sampling technique used in this study was convenience sampling. Study of six month was conducted for vector-borne diseases from January 2021– June 2021.To know the epidemiology of vector-borne disease before and after COVID-19 pandemic, data from the year 2019 and 2020 was used for data analysis. Result – During the six months study period between January 2021-June 2021, maximum number of cases found in Dumka District was Kala-azar followed by Lymphatic Filariasis and then Malaria. There was sharp decrease in number of vector-borne disease cases. After data analysis between the year 2019 and 2020 reduction of cases was seen in Kala-azar (15.3%), Lymphatic Filariasis (8.9%) and maximum reduction of cases was seen Malaria (98.1%). Conclusion – A drastic reduction in reported cases of vector-borne diseases was noticed. To better understand the reason behind the changes in vector-borne disease prevalence a consistent and vigilant surveillance is required. Keywords: COVID-19, Vector-borne diseases, non-pharmaceutical interventions.

scholarly journals Issues on Vector Related Diseases Transmission: People's Perception & Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Md Mahfuzar Rahman ◽  
Md Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Rizona Jnui ◽  
Abu Kawser ◽  
Khalid Omar Shahin
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne

Background: The vector borne diseases pose an immense public health concern and also a growing urban and rural problem. The aim of this study was to findout the perception and practices among the rural households regarding vector related diseases in some selected villages of Dhamrai Upazila. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 1380 respondents by purposive sampling technique during the period from 6th to 8th January, 2018 in different villages of Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka.. Results: Then study revealed that majority of the respondents 89% were Muslims by religion and about 65% respondents were found within the age 25-55 years. (mean age 37.81±14.72 years). Out of 1380 respondents, majority 87% & 86% mentioned Mosquitos and Houseflies as vectors transmitting the diseases followed by 48% Itch mite, 45% Louse and 27% Sandflies. About 85% & 88% mentioned Malaria & Dengue fever transmitted by vectors followed by 58% Chikungunya, 42% Kala azar, 13% Filariasis and 44% Typhoid fever. However, 71%, 83%, 59% & 3% respondents mentioned Mosquito bite as the mode of transmission of Malaria, Chikungunya and Filariasis respectively. About 88%, 75%, 44% and 39% respondents mentioned Personal protection, Avoidance of water collection, Fogging and Insecticidal spraying as the vector control measures. Nevertheless, 92%, 81% and 30% respondents are found practiced Mosquito net, Mosquito coil and Screening of windows as their usual vector control measures. Conclusion: In this study community awareness in terms of perceptions, knowledge and practices regarding vector borne diseases are found deficient. There should be intensified efforts in promoting personal protective measures through creating public awareness towards prevention of vector borne diseases in the locality. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 32-37

Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwar ◽  
Sara Khalid ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽  
Shahid Imran
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and utilization of drugs toward COVID-19 pandemic among Bale Zone residents, Southeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110343
Author(s):  
Ayele Mamo ◽  
Mesud M Hassen ◽  
Ahmednur Adem ◽  
Zinash Teferu ◽  
Musa Kumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bale Zone

Background: Coronavirus disease is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which poses therapeutic dilemmas. Some suggestions for drug treatment seem problematic. Beliefs about the causes of health problems are determinants of treatment seeking decisions. Hence, one of the alternatives for the solution of health problems is employing traditional medicine to prevent coronavirus disease 19. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and utilization of drugs toward the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic among Bale zone residents. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the Bale Zone population from May 30 to June 30, 2020. Eight hundred fifty-four participants were selected using a single population formula, and a multistage sampling technique was employed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the outcomes. A p value ⩽ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the total 854 respondents, about 534 (62.5%) got information about coronavirus disease 19 from TV/radio. More than two-thirds (71.9%) of the respondents have known that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has no curative drugs, and 65.4% had a more appropriate attitude toward overall drug use in coronavirus disease 19. Level of education and, attitude towards drug use were singnificantly associated with knowledge of drugs, source of information about coronavirus disease 19 and having good practice were significantly associated with atittude toward drug utilization. Conclusion: One out of two study participants have good knowledge regarding drugs to the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic. Illiterate people in the community were identified to have poor knowledge about drugs, hence community educuation program is important to improve the knowledge about drugs towards the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients of St Paulo’s Hospital, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. e100120
Author(s):  
Kebebew Wogi Goben ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew Abegaz ◽  
Samuel Tolesa Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex

BackgroundPatient satisfaction with mental healthcare service is recognised as an important integral part of measuring the outcomes and performance of clinical service delivery. It is not well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, it is essential to improve service in the future.AimsTo assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients at St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling technique from May to June 2018. Data were collected using a Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8). Both bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used. Variables with p value <0.05 at multivariate analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 589 participants were enrolled with a response rate of 98.2%. In regard to the magnitude of patient satisfaction, 50.3% (95% CI 46.0 to 54.2) were highly satisfied, 31.0% (95% CI 27.2 to 34.8) were satisfied, and 18.7% (95% CI 15.4 to 22.1) were dissatisfied. Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.36), inability to read and write (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.66), being unemployed (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.47), obtaining services for free (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.22), and availability of medication (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.23) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.ConclusionsThe study showed that further improvements in patient satisfaction are required. Male sex, inability to read and write, being unemployed, obtaining services free of charge, and availability of medication were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. More than half of the participants were dissatisfied with the waiting time to receive services. The provision of services within a reasonable timeframe and meeting patient expectations are helpful for good health outcomes.

scholarly journals Compliance with Standard Precautions and Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers in Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariku Gebre Haile ◽  
Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda ◽  
Abdella Amano Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital

Background. In many studies, compliance with standard precautions among healthcare workers was reported to be inadequate.Objective.The aim of this study was to assess compliance with standard precautions and associated factors among healthcare workers in northwest Ethiopia.Methods.An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 30, 2014. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were entered into Epi info 3.5.1 and were exported to SPSS version 20.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to identify associated factors.Results.The proportion of healthcare workers who always comply with standard precautions was found to be 12%. Being a female healthcare worker (AOR [95% CI] 2.18 [1.12–4.23]), higher infection risk perception (AOR [95% CI] 3.46 [1.67–7.18]), training on standard precautions (AOR [95% CI] 2.90 [1.20–7.02]), accessibility of personal protective equipment (AOR [95% CI] 2.87 [1.41–5.86]), and management support (AOR [95% CI] 2.23 [1.11–4.53]) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and Recommendation.Compliance with standard precautions among the healthcare workers is very low. Interventions which include training of healthcare workers on standard precautions and consistent management support are recommended.

scholarly journals Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adelekan ◽  
Philomena Omoregie ◽  
Elizabeth Edoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
(MD
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

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