scholarly journals SIRKULASI KAPILER KAKI PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE-2 MELALUI RENDAM KAKI DENGAN MINYAK TANAH GARAM DINGIN DI PUSKESMAS BAITUSSALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Setio Budi Raharjo ◽  
Amiruddin Amiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Sirkuasi perifer kaki pasien DM Tipe 2 sangat tergantung pada nilai ankle brachial index (ABI). Untuk mengoptimalkan nilai ABI dalam batas normal, maka peneliti memberikan terapi non farmakalogi. Implementasi non farmakologi ini membantu meningkatkan sirkulasi perifer kaki dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah minyak tanah, garam dapur dan es batu.   Penelitian menggunakan randomized block design research, terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan masing-masing perlakuan pada kelompok: A= hanya diberi minyak tanah (1 liter) sebagai kelompok kontrol; B=diberi minyak tanah 1 liter: 500 gram garam: 500 gram es batu; C= diberi minyak tanah 1 liter: 750 gram garam: 750 gram es batu; dan D= diberi minyak tanah 1 liter: 1 Kg garam: 1 Kg es batu. Random sampling dilakukan dengan komputer. Hasil  penelitian  diperoleh  bahwa intervensi rendam kaki minyak tanah garam dingin yang memberikan dampak nyata pada nilai ABI pasien DM Tipe 2, yaitu perlakuan C yaitu rendam kaki dengan larutan 1 liter tanah: 750 gram garam: dan 750 gram es batu. Komposisi larutan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perubahan nilai ABI pasien DM Tipe 2 adalah 1 liter minyak tanah: 750 gram garam: 750 gram es batu. Kesimpulan, penelitian ini telah menunjukkan bahwa sirkulasi perifer kaki pasien DM Tipe 2 dapat ditingkatkan melalui rendam kaki dengan minyak tanah garam dingin. Circulation of the peripheral feet of patients with Type 2 diabetes is very dependent on the value of the ankle brachial index (ABI). To optimize the ABI value within normal limits, the researchers provided nonpharmacological therapy. This nonpharmacological implementation helps improve the peripheral circulation of the feet and the materials used in this study are kerosene, table salt and ice cubes. The research used randomized block design research, consisting of 4 treatments with each treatment in the group: A = only given kerosene (1 liter) as a control group; B = oiled with 1 liter of soil: 500 grams of salt: 500 grams of ice cubes; C = oiled with 1 liter of soil: 750 grams of salt: 750 grams of ice cubes; and D = oiled with 1 liter of soil: 1 kg of salt: 1 kg of ice cubes. Random sampling is done by computer. The results showed that the cold salt kerosene foot soaking intervention had a significant impact on the ABI value of Type 2 DM patients, namely treatment C, namely soaking the feet with a solution of 1 liter of soil: 750 grams of salt: and 750 grams of ice cubes. The composition of the solution that most influences changes in the ABI value of Type 2 DM patients is 1 liter of kerosene: 750 grams of salt: 750 grams of ice cubes. Conclusion, this study has shown that the peripheral circulation of the feet of patients with type 2 diabetes can be improved by soaking the feet with cold salt kerosene.

scholarly journals Relationship between homocysteine and non-dipper pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdal Korkmaz ◽  
Abdulkerim Yilmaz ◽  
Gürsel Yildiz ◽  
Fatih Kiliçli ◽  
Serhat Içağasioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: The rate of reduction of nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) is lesser than normal in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) disrupts vascular structure and function, no matter the underlying causes. The risk of development of vascular disease is greater in diabetic patients with hyperhomocysteinemia than in patients with normal homocystein levels. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are differences of homocystein levels in dipper and non-dippers patients with type 2 DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We compared 50 patients (33 females, 17 males) with type 2 DM and 35 healthy individuals (18 females, 17 males ) in a control group. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed and homocysteine levels were measured in all patients. RESULTS: We found that the percentage of non-dipper pattern was 72% in patients with type 2 DM and 57% in control group. In diabetic and control individuals, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper (respectively 13.4 ± 8.1 µmol/L and 11.8 ± 5 µmol/L) than in dipper subjects (respectively, 11.8 ± 5.8 µmol/L and 10.1 ± 4.2 µmol/L), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (respectively, p = 0.545, p = 0.294). CONCLUSION: In both groups, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper than in dipper participants, but there was no significant difference between the groups. High homocystein levels and the non-dipper pattern increases cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure changes and homocystein levels should be investigated in a larger study.

Effect of Precede–Proceed Model on Preventive Behaviors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in High-Risk Individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Moshki ◽  
Atefeh Dehnoalian ◽  
Ali Alami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Face To Face Instruction

This study sought to assess the effect of precede–proceed model on preventive behaviors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in high-risk individuals. In this semi-experimental study, 164 high-risk individuals for type 2 DM were selected and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control ( n = 85). Educational intervention was performed as a single session face-to-face instruction for 1.5 hr for the intervention group participants. Data were collected before (baseline) and immediately and 1 month after the intervention in the two groups. The mean score of predisposing (knowledge) factors ( p = .001), reinforcing factors ( p = .001), and enabling factors ( p = .02) were significantly different at baseline and 1 month after the intervention in the intervention group compared with the control group ( p < .05). A significant improvement occurred in the nutritional habits of high-risk participants in the intervention group at 1 month after the intervention compared with controls ( p = .001). The precede–proceed model can be effective for promoting the preventive behaviors for type 2 DM in high-risk individuals.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY-BASED EDUCATION PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-EFFICACY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS’ PATIENTS IN BANDUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Citra Windani Mambang Sari ◽  
Ahmad Yamin ◽  
Mochmad Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Education ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Introduction. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was a chronic disease have complicated. Amount of patient Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was increased. Knowledge and self-efficacy is mainly important for self-care behavior. The purpose of this study was aimed to examine knowledge, and self-efficacy among patients with Type 2 DM in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods. The research was a quasi-experimental with pre and posttest control group. Sixty two type 2 DM were recruited from 8 working area Primary Health Centers in Bandung who have diagnosed DM, using purposive sampling technique. Knowledge questionnaire from Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center’s Brief Diabetes Knowledge Test, Self-efficacy were measured by the developed Stanford Patients Education Research Center. Both of questionnaires comprised five dimensions: nutrition, sport and activity, drugs and glucose monitoring. Patients of in intervention group received 2 weeks Diabetes Mellitus education program be given healthcare workers. Techniques used in this program consisted of community-based education, goal setting, follow-up and face-to-face interview. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. Results. There are significantly different of knowledge and self-efficacy after community-based education program in intervention (M = 9.26, SD = 2.8 ; M = 53.26, SD = 10.50) and control group (M = 7.39, SD = 2.4; M = 36.74, SD = 4.49).  This study revealed that community-based education program significantly improved self-efficacy (p=0.000) but not improved for knowledge (p=0.180). Conclusion. These findings indicated that Knowledge and Self-efficacy of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Bandung required improvement. Therefore, further study regarding the effective in improving knowledge and self-efficacy type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is extremely needed.

scholarly journals Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chi Yang ◽  
Yu-Yao Huang ◽  
Sheng-Hwu Hsieh ◽  
Jui-Hung Sun ◽  
Chih-Ching Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Background and AimsThe ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an efficient tool for objectively documenting the presence of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The predictive factors of cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer were not clear from the ABI examination in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsWe enrolled 482 patients with type 2 DM who regularly visited the outpatient department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and received ABI as well as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) examinations from 2010 to 2017. Age, gender, PAD symptoms, comorbidities, family history of chronic diseases, lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise), height, weight, waist circumference, monofilament testing and foot ulcer status were studied.ResultsThere were 104 (22%) patients (mean age, 67.8 years) with the ABI &lt;1.0. These patients with low ABI (ABI&lt;1.0) had a significantly older age (p=0.001), higher delta PWV (p&lt;0.001), higher rates of stroke (p=0.007), myocardial infarction (p=0.016), and foot ulcer (p=0.039). In a multivariable analysis model, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for myocardial infarction, stroke, and foot ulcers associated with low ABI were 1.219 (0.397-3.743, p=0.729), 1.204 (0.556-2.610, p=0.638), and 2.712 (1.199-6.133, p=0.017), respectively. The patients with low PWV (PWV&lt;1400 cm/s) were significantly younger (p&lt;0.001) and had a lower rate of hypertension (p&lt;0.001), and higher percentages of stroke (p=0.027) and dialysis (p=0.041) family history.ConclusionsLow ABI was associated with cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer independently in patients with type 2 DM.

scholarly journals Spiritual Mindfulness based on Benson Relaxation in the Management of Stress Levels Reduction on Type 2 DM Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Riska Rohmawati ◽  
Arif Helmi ◽  
Siti Nur Hasina ◽  
Rahmadaniar Aditya Putri ◽  
Ratna Yunita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels

Patients with diabetes mellitus have a high-stress level, this is because the treatment isundertaken such as diet, blood sugar control, drug consumption, and exercise. In addition, the risk of diseasecomplications that can be experienced by patients will also increase stress. Spiritual mindfulness based on bensonrelaxation affects the formation of positive cognitive (perception) responses in the brain. A good stress perceptionwill stimulate the hypothalamus to release a series of hormones that cause modulation of the physiological barrierof the immune response by decreasing the activation of the HPA axis and increasing activation of theparasympathetic nerve through the vagal stimulation. The purpose of this study was to prove the influence of spiritualmindfulness based on Benson relaxation in reducing stress levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was aquasi-experimental study using the pretest-posttest with control group design method. Respondents in this studywere 60 type 2 DM sufferers and were taken by simple random sampling technique and divided into two groupsnamely the intervention group and the control group. Stress level data is obtained using a questionnairemeasurement tool. The intervention group was given spiritual mindfulness based on Benson relaxation for fourweeks. The results of data analysis using t-Test with a significance of p <0.05. The stress level test results showeda significant difference between the intervention group and the control group with p-value = 0,000. Mindfulnessspiritual intervention based on Benson relaxation is effective against stress levels of people with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique against Anxiety and Psychological Well-being of Type 2 DM Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (G) ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Ratna Yunita Sari ◽  
Abdul Muhith ◽  
Riska Rohmawati ◽  
Umdatus Soleha ◽  
Imamatul Faizah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic makes patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience an increase in anxiety, considering that diabetes mellitus is one of the dangerous comorbidities for people infected with the COVID-19 virus so that it affects their psychological well-being. Low psychological well-being will have an impact on decreasing self-care, thereby increasing the occurrence of complications. AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the spiritual emotional freedom technique (SEFT) on anxiety and the psychological well-being of patients with type 2 DM during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research design employed is a quasi-experimental research with the untreated control group design with dependent pre-test and post-test samples. The sampling technique used is probability sampling which is a random sampling to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total sample of 110 respondents with the distribution of the intervention group consisting of 55 respondents and the control group consisting of 55 respondents. The instrument used to measure the level of anxiety is the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and psychological well-being of Ryff’s psychological well-being. The statistical tests used are Paired Sample t-Test and Independent t-test with significant p < 0.05. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean level of anxiety in the intervention group before the implementation of the intervention was 21.89 (moderate), while after the intervention was 10.98 (mild) and the psychological well-being before the intervention was 147.49 (low), while after the intervention was 170.91 (moderate). Furthermore, in the case of the control group, the mean level of anxiety before the intervention was 19.16 and after the intervention was 19.11 and psychological well-being before the intervention was 146.67 while after the intervention was 146.45. Furthermore, the data analysis obtained that the SEFT affected the level of anxiety and psychological well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic with p = 0.00. CONCLUSION: The SEFT that is routinely implemented can reduce the level of anxiety so that it can improve the psychological well-being of patients with type 2 DM during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIABETIC CAMP ON SELF EFFICACY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERL Y PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidy Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: The benefits of Diabetic Camp as known can be applied to promote knowledge and self management among diabetes people. Nevertheless, empirical data of its effect on diabetes self-efficacy are still limited, especially on middle aged and elderly people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Objectives: The purpose of this intervention study was to investigate the change of self-efficacy among middle-aged and elderly people living with type 2 DM after attending camp. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was used. Eighty-four participants were recruited form two public health center in Bukittnggi City West Sumatra Indonesia were randomly assigned into either the experimental group (n=42) or control group (n=42) by matching technique based on gender , age, and duration of illness. The experimental group participated in diabetic camp for two days continuing with weekly follow up for over 1 month while those in the control group participated in routine activities. Outcome was measured by using Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Diabetes at the first day before receiving the intervention as pretest data, and on the four weeks after the intervention was completed as the posttest data. The reliability of the Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Diabetes with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to analyze the data. Results: Mean of self-efficacy score in the experimental group after receiving the intervention was significantly higher than those in the control group (t =4.27; p&lt;0.05). The mean of self-efficacy score after receiving the intervention in the experimental group was increased significantly from before receiving the intervention (t = 8.15; p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that Diabetic camp was effective in promoting self-efficacy of middle-aged and elderly people with type 2 DM. Thus, this diabetes care program can be recommended for practice

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of bromocriptine quick release as an add on therapy with metformin and glipizide in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: an open label randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Nithyapriya M. ◽  
S. Purushotaman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Quick Release ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, treated by insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA). Despite treatment, to protect diabetic population from its complications is difficult. So, there is a need for an OHA with different mechanism of action and minimal side effects. Bromocriptine Mesylate QR (Quick release) formulation was approved by FDA for treatment of type 2 DM. Hence, this study was planned to highlight the usefulness of Bromocriptine QR in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Total 140 patients with type 2 DM were randomized into two groups. The control group was treated with Metformin 500 mg BD (twice daily) and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. The study group received Bromocriptine quick release 1.6 mg once daily, metformin 500 mg BD and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. In both control and study groups, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose was monitored at 0, 1st, 2nd and 3rd month. HbA1C was done at baseline and at the end of 3 months.Results: There was statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C when compared to baseline in both control group (p <0.05) and study group (p <0.05) at the end of 3 months. But the decrease in FBS, PPBS, HbA1C was higher in the study group (p=0.0001) than the control group (p=0.001).Conclusions: In type 2 DM patients, Bromocriptine QR, combined with metformin and Glipizide reduced fasting and postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C significantly compared to metformin and glipizide alone.

scholarly journals Low dose allopurinol is associated with modest but significant improvements in glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal M. Alem
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Abstract BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), gout, and asymptomatic hyperuricemia are inter-connected pathologies. Glycemic control (GC), involving a range of treatments is central to the management of DM, whereas allopurinol continues to be the most widely recommended urate lowering agent. Allopurinol has been shown to possess anti-oxidant properties: this study explores the favorable potential effect of allopurinol on glucose homeostasis.MethodsThis is an observational study with a cross-sectional design performed on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), recruited from centers in Saudi Arabia. Patients were divided into two groups; allopurinol users; (for gout or asymptomatic hyperuricemia) and matching control patients. Patient demographics, co-morbid conditions, biochemical tests, and pharmacological treatments were extracted from electronic records to investigate the effect of allopurinol therapy on Glycemic control (GC), as assessed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c as primary endpoint), and on parameters of glycaemic variability (GV) (secondary endpoints).ResultsA total of 194 patients with type 2 DM were recruited (97 in both groups). The two groups were matched for age and sex: mean age: 59.4 years, 73% males in the allopurinol group vs 59.6 years, 73% males in the control group. Allopurinol, daily dose 100 mg, was prescribed for 77% of the patients, with median duration of 39.5 months treatment. HbA1c values were; 6.90% (6.20, 7.80) in the allopurinol group vs 7.30% (6.60, 8.40) in the control group (P=0.010). Parameters of GV were calculated from 3 consecutive fasting blood sugar (FBS) readings: variability independent of the mean (VIM) was 0.140 in the allopurinol group vs 0.987 in the control group (P<0.001).ConclusionConcomitant low-dose allopurinol therapy in patients with type 2 DM was associated with modest but significant improvements in GC and GV.

scholarly journals Lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babu Rajendran ◽  
Seetha Rami Reddy Mallampati ◽  
Sheju Jonathan Jha J. ◽  
Shameer Hakkim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Mean

Background: Atherosclerosis is caused by the combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Combination of DM and dyslipidemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Hence, it is of utmost importance to know the nature of dyslipidemia in DM for its effective management. The major lipid abnormalities seen in DM are elevated triglyceride levels and lowered HDL-C levels.Methods: A case-controlled study was initiated in Vinayaka Missions Medical college and hospital for a period of 2 year. Pre-prandial and post-prandial lipid profile was assessed in 50 cases of type 2 DM and was compared with age and sex matched healthy controls satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: At the end of the study, the mean age±SD was 48.5±5.68 years. The mean HbA1c±SD of the study population was found to be 7.48±1.517. Looking at the lipid profile all cases in fasting state had elevated VLDL-C levels (mean 50.39±60.27), elevated TC (mean 169.70±39.917), elevated TGL (mean 146.04±60.140) and low LDL-C (mean 92.3±27.699) when compared to control group. In the postprandial state, there was a significant raise in TGL level (mean 188±68.59), raised TC (mean 180.74±38.46), decreased HDL-C (mean 38.761±9.028) compared to the fasting state.Conclusions: Lipid profile of type 2 DM in pre-prandial 12 hour fasting state showed elevated TC, VLDL-C levels and low LDL-C and HDL-C levels. Where as in post prandial state TGL levels were markedly elevated with elevated TC and low HDL-C levels.

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