scholarly journals Edward Said, Michel Foucault og det essentialistiske islambillede

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Dietrich Jung
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge ◽  
Point Of Departure

Edward Saids Orientalism blev kendt som en anvendt udgave af Michel Foucaults diskursteori. Said hævdede at være inspireret af især Foucaults Archaeology of Knowledge og Discipline and Punish i sine analyser af det essentialiserede islambillede i orientalistikken. Med udgangspunkt i Saids hævdede inspiration fra Foucault kritiserer denne artikel Orientalism’s teoretiske ramme fra et sociologisk perspektiv. Dermed følger artiklen Sadik al-Azm’s argument, at Said ikke havde øje for det fænomen, som al-Azm kaldte ”orientalism in reverse”: Islamistiske og arabisk-nationalistiske tænkeres anvendelse af orientalistiske begreber i deres egne ideologiske konstruktioner. Artiklen argumenterer for, at Said som selv-erklæret foucaultianer burde have været opmærksom på diskursers reciprokke magt. Efterfølgende vises hvordan orientalister og islamister var tæt forbundne i den diskursformation, hvorfra det essentialiserede islambillede opstod. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Dietrich Jung: Edward Said, Michel Foucault and the Essentialist Image of Islam Edward Said’s Orientalism became known as an applied version of Michel Foucault’s discourse theory. In analyzing the essentialist image of Islam as a core feature in Orientalist scholarship, Said claimed to be inspired by the work of Foucault, in particular by his Archaeology of Knowledge and Discipline and Punish. In using Said’s claim as a point of departure, this article criticizes the theoretical framework of Orientalism from a sociological perspective. Doing so, it examines Sadik al-Azm’s argument that Said had a blind eye to a phenomenon which al-Azm called “Orientalism in reverse”: the self-applications of Orientalist concepts in the ideological constructions of both Islamist and Arab Nationalist thinkers. The article argues that taking Foucault’s theoretical position seriously, Said should have been aware of the reciprocal power of discourses in shaping this essentialist image of Islam. The article then analyzes the phenomenon of “Orientalism in reverse” from a Foucauldian perspective, and shows the ways in which Orientalists and Islamists were closely knit together in a discursive formation from which the essentialist image of Islam emerged. Key words: Michel Foucault, Edward Said, Orientalism in Reverse, Ernest Renan, Islamic Reform.

On the Colonization of Amerindian Languages and Memories: Renaissance Theories of Writing and the Discontinuity of the Classical Tradition

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter D. Mignolo
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Case History ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge

When George Balandier proposed his theoretical approach to a colonial situation, the colonization of language was not an issue that piqued the interest of scholars in history, sociology, economics, or anthropology, which were the primary disciplines targeted in his article. When some fifteen years later Michel Foucault underlined the social and historical significance of language (‘l'énoncé*’) and discursive formation, the colonization of language was still not an issue to those attentive to the archaeology of knowledge. Such an archaeology, founded on the paradigmatic example generally understood as the Western tradition, overlooked the case history in which an archaeology of discursive formation would have led to the very root of the massive colonization of language which began in the sixteenth century with the expansion of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.

scholarly journals Literatuurgeskiedskrywing en diskoers: die ‘begin’ van die Afrikaanse letterkunde

Literator ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
P. John
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Alternative Conception ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Literary Historiography

In this article Afrikaans literary historiography is analysed by means of the discourse-analytical tradition associated with the name of Michel Foucault. Approaching Afrikaans literary historiography as a discursive formation makes it possible to argue that the nationalist-teleological character of the historiography has led to the marginalisation of a number of Afrikaans literary traditions. This argument then identifies the reclamation of these marginalised literary traditions as one of the most pressing tasks of Afrikaans literary historiography, Foucauldian discourse theory is finally used with reference to the alternative conception of history which accompanies it to suggest a solution to the problem of these marginalised Afrikaans literary traditions.

scholarly journals Authorship and language in contemporary architects' books

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-530
Author(s):  
Lökçe Balık
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Design Object ◽  
Single Author ◽  
Scientific Diagrams ◽  
Discursive Design ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge ◽  
Newspaper Articles

This paper examines theoretical, graphical, and material dimensions of the contemporary print culture of architecture with a focus on one work from a variety of European practices. It regards the contemporary architect's book as a speculative and discursive design object. Michel Foucault, particularly in his works, What is an Author? (1969) and The Archaeology of Knowledge (1972), criticises that while constructing an author's body of works, alternative and unclassified genres are omitted from the domain and the texts attached to the single name belong to a system of homogeneity, filiation, and reciprocal explanation. Yet the contemporary architect's book expands the borders of genres by comprising unconventional materials, such as musical notes, artistic photographs, paintings, technical and scientific diagrams, official reports, building regulations, newspaper articles, and advertisements, as well as combining texts and photographs from co-workers, partners, clients, and users, rather than emerging as the product of a single author. The paper interprets the use of various forms of graphical narration and the coalescence of novel terminology and jargon as a contribution to the power of language and discursive formation.

scholarly journals Tubuh, Subjek Seksual, dan Kekuasaan dalam Novel Telembuk: Dangdut dan Kisah Cinta yang Keparat Karya Kedung Darma Romansha

ATAVISME ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-184
Author(s):  
Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Power Relation ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Formation Method ◽  
Data Source

Women's bodies as sexual objects are always in power relations. In Telembuk Dangdut dan Kisah Cinta yang Keparat, the characters of Diva and Mak Dayem are the representations of women's bodies as well as sexual objects in the power relation circle. This study aims to illustrate how women (Diva and Mak Dayem) compete with power by trying to make their bodies as sexual subjects in the novel Telembuk. The theory used in this study was the Power of Discourse theory proposed by Michel Foucault. According to the type of data, this study was a qualitative research. The data source was Kedung Darma Romansha’s novel Telembuk: Dangdut dan Kisah Cinta yang Keparat published in 2017. This study used discursive formation method to analyse the data. The results of this study were 1) the metaphysical body becomes the strategy of telembuk women to utter anti-power, 2) telembuk as a woman strategy to be a sexual subject.

Når styringens ambitioner udfordres af praksis. Om at analysere rummet imellem styringens intentioner og situationel praksis

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Herup Nielsen ◽  
Niklas Andreas Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
Men I ◽  
Unemployment Policy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Local Employment

Studier, der analyserer det sociale med inspiration fra Foucaults tanker om governmentality, kritiseres i stigende omfang for at afskære sig fra at analysere de praktiske relationer, som politisk styring konkret indlejres i. I artiklen tager vi afsæt i denne kritik og viser, med et studie af forholdet mellem et kommunalt jobcenter og et lokalt beskæftigelsesråd, hvordan governmental magtanalyse kan indfange styringens uforudsigelige, mangefacetterede og immanente karakter ved at fokusere på styringsintentionernes møde med den praktiske virkelighed, der søges styret. Formelt er rådet nedsat til at overvåge og kontrollere jobcentret, men i den praktiske relation er det snarere jobcentret, som overvåger og kontrollerer rådet. Artiklen viser, hvordan dette er muligt ved at analysere jobcentrets arbejde med rådet ved hjælp af en række centrale begreber fra Foucaults forfatterskab. Empirisk trækker studiet foruden formelle myndighedsdokumenter, der beskriver rådets tiltænkte rolle, på praksisinformerende empiri i form af kvalitative interviews og mødereferater over en fire-årig periode. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Mathias Herup Nielsen and Niklas Andreas Andersen: When Praxis Challenges the Ambitions of Governing. Analyzing the Space between the Intentions of Governing and Situational Praxis Studies working with the Foucauldian concept of ”governmentality” are frequently criticized for their apparent disregard of empirical reality. This article takes this critique as its point of departure and demonstrates the application of the concept of governmentality in a concrete empirical case study in order to grasp the unpredictable and multifaceted nature of modern day power. The case investigated here is the relationship between a Danish Jobcentre and a so-called local employment council (LBR). The latter was created to ”control” and ”monitor” the former organization. However, in practice, it is rather the other way around – the Jobcentre is controlling and monitoring the members of the LBR. This article draws on a number of well-known Foucauldian concepts to show how this relation of power is practically structured. Empirically the article draws on documents from central authorities as well as on a number of qualitative interviews with the actors involved – hence, the article attempts to meet with the dominant overall critique of the governmentality perspective for disregarding empirical reality. Keywords: governmentality, Michel Foucault, unemployment policy, jobcentre.

Postcolonialism in International Relations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Wilkens
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Gayatri Spivak ◽  
Theoretical Paradigms

Some of the main genealogies within postcolonial scholarship are discussed, with a focus on key thinkers, such as Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak, Aníbal Quijano, and Walter Mignolo. Key concepts, such as colonial discourse theory, development, and subaltern studies are presented. The discussion of postcolonial thought is embedded in a reflection on its relation to other theoretical paradigms and social theories (e.g., poststructuralism, world-system theory, Marxism). This focus seeks to highlight some of the main contours of the field, while also pointing out the ways postcolonialism has shaped the discipline of international relations (IR).

scholarly journals Confession, Voice and the Sensualization of Power: The Significance of Michel Foucault’s 1962 Encounter with Jean-Jacques Rousseau

2012 ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
Lauri Siisiäinen
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Pastoral Power ◽  
Early Text ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge

Michel Foucault is known for his critiques of the intertwinement of empirical knowledge, perception and experience, and power. Within this general framework, this article focuses on a fairly unnoticed text of Foucault’s: his 1962 Introduction to Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Dialogues. The article shows that Foucault’s Introduction is central for more than one reason: Firstly, it is apparently the first piece, in which Foucault focuses in detail on confession as an individualizing mode of power and truth-utterance. Secondly, in this text, Foucault treats confession as an empirical, sensual and affective form of power. Thirdly, in this early text, Foucault presents what can be called his critique of phonocentrism, i.e., of the interrelated centrality of voice, hearing, authenticity and “presence.” We find out that Foucault elaborated this critique (from the starting point of his archaeology of knowledge), already before Jacques Derrida introduced the actual term “phonocentrism,” and made it generally known. Finally, we will see that Foucault’s seminal 1970s genealogies of confession, sexuality and pastoral power revisit as well as revise the earlier insights discovered in the Introduction.

scholarly journals PEMBAHARUAN PENDIDIKAN PERFEKTIF AHMAD DAHLAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Erjati Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Early History ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
Renewal Movement

The Islamic reform movement in Indonesia cannot be separated from the figure of Ahmad Dahlan through the Muhammadiyah organization. This can be traced through the early history and development of Muhammadiyah which was shown by Ahmad Dahlan's character through the idea of renewal or the tajdid movement. This article looks at the character of KH. Ahmad Dahlan from an anthropological and sociological perspective. The reading is intended to determine the role of the character in the map of the development of the community. The main thing to be examined in this article is the correlation between KH. Ahmad Dahlan and the pesantren education system in Indonesia. The correlation between Muhammadiyah and Islamic boarding schools was studied using the discussion of the categorical simplification model on three indicators of Muhammadiyah's function and role, namely as an educational institution and the development of Islamic teachings, as an institution for Islamic struggle and da'wah, and as an institution for community empowerment and service. From the three categories it can be seen that KH. Ahmad Dahlan is a figure who is able to respond to the latest challenges quickly and precisely through the tajdid (renewal) movement in the fields of education, preaching, and empowering the Indonesian people.

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