scholarly journals Psychology of Nikolai Gogol

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-73
Author(s):  
Igor’ A. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
Spiritual Assessment ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Active Nature ◽  
Christian Understanding ◽  
The Right ◽  
Artistic Image

The article first considers the heritage specifics of Nikolai Gogol as a satirist from the point of view of the writer’s psychology. The close connection of psychology and satire in Nikolai Gogol’s creative work is explained by the Christian understanding of the fall of human nature. According to Nikolai Gogol, a spiritual assessment of an imperfect state of the soul inevitably leads the artist to critical pathos — a state of mind far from ideal cannot be the subject of poetic approval under any pretext, but has the right to claim only a satirical image. The guarantee of the realism of the artistic image is the impartial truth about the fallen man. The fundamental property of Nikolai Gogol’s poetics is the creative combination of pastoral conviction with satirical mockery. The artist’s confession about his own shortcomings, the expulsion of vice through laughter, is a means of involving the reader in the process of transformation, the ultimate goal of which is the resurrection of “dead souls”. The paper analyses the role of the diary and confession in the formation of Nikolai Gogol’s satire, the writer’s attitude to the “psychologism” of contemporary literature, his view on the problem of the positive character. The history of the aging of Nikolai Gogol’s views on the healing value of laughter, the artist’s conscious orientation in upbringing of his contemporaries towards the active nature of shame and confession is traced in detail.

scholarly journals IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS. /LECTURE, PART I. «PARADOXES»/

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Michael G. Dudin ◽  
Dmitry Yu. Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Homo Erectus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Statistical Indicators

In the paper we discussed and analyzed the issues that confront practicing orthopedists with the most mysterious and at the same time the most studied vertebral column lesion in children and adolescents - idiopathic scoliosis. Nowadays a great amount of information on its various aspects has been already accumulated, but a practical output in the form of a system of effective treatment has not been yet found and (we can’t even speak about) there is no speech at all about the prevention (prophylactic) of the disease (scoliosis). On the basis of the own many year’s experience with this category of patients and the results of a comprehensive multi-faceted survey, the authors acquired the right to form their own point of view on the etiology and pathogenesis of the three-plane deformation in orthograde human (homo erectus). In this paper, the authors present their reflections on the history of the study of scoliosis, the terminology, statistical indicators and the existing views on its origins. Concerning argumentation on the own findings (conclusions) and views on the disease the authors plan to tell in the following sections.

De Sanctis, Francesco (1817–83)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Henry
Keyword(s):  
Italian Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Institutional Renewal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Letteratura Italiana ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University

Francesco De Sanctis was a literary critic and historian of Italian literature. He is best remembered for his major work, Storia della letteratura italiana (History of Italian Literature), and as a Hegel scholar, reformer and professor at the University of Naples, politician and militant patriot. Commentators are unanimous that De Sanctis’s biographical and intellectual life comprised two inseparable strands, the literary and the political. For this reason all his writings, even the more narrowly literary critical ones, must be read from the point of view of his commitment to promoting the moral and institutional renewal of Italian society. His Storia della letteratura italiana is the ‘civil history’ of Italy. De Sanctis, actively militant on both the Right and Left, defined his position as ‘moderate left-wing, in politics as in art’.

scholarly journals Concept “Happiness” in the Autobiographical Prose of Vladimir Nabokov

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Artistic Experience ◽  
The Gift ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artistic Image

«Happiness» is one of the most significant cultural universals, semantically related to the concepts of the spiritual life of a man, the most important element performing meaning-forming and plot-forming role in an artistic work. The study of the reflection of notions about happiness in the autobiographical prose of V. Nabokov in the context of the literary and cultural situation of the first wave of Russian emigration is defined by the specifics of autobiography as a text that is created at the end of life and involves its recognition from the point of view of a person summing up intermediate or final results. The article analyzes the artistic concept «happiness» in the autobiographical prose of V. Nabokov; it determines its individual author’s content that is correlated with the general cultural content of the concept. The article is devoted to the study of the concept «happiness» as a complex emotional and value formation which reflects the universal artistic experience, recorded in the cultural memory, expresses the individual author’s understanding of the essence of objects and phenomena. The conceptual component of the word «happiness» in the creativity of V. Nabokov includes the harmonious fullness of life, freedom, the gift of creativity, the happiness of childhood, family, the hearth, the happiness of love and marriage, the enjoyment of life and its joys, a reflection of the personal history of upbringing and testing. The concept «happiness» implements not only semantic, but also axiological possibilities, reflecting both the own characteristics of the subject of the artistic image and the features of idiostyle of the writer.

scholarly journals عالمی منشور برائے انسانی حقوق 1948ء کی روشنی میں اسلام کے تصورِ غلامی پر اعتراض کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Dr. Burhan Uddin ◽  
Arsala Khan ◽  
Abdur Rahim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

The history of slavery is very old. In which three types are very famous. Sell a freelance person, making slavery to a person resulting in a loss, and the prisoners arrested in the war were enslaved. Islam eliminated the first two types and the third case as an option left. On December 10th, 1948 UN passed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which includes the right to human rights with other rights. Any type of slavery was prohibited. In the light of this universal charter, objections to Islam's concept of slavery began to be raised. What is the validity of the objections in the light of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948  raised against the Islamic concept of slavery? the methodology adopted for this research is to examine the contents of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from an Islamic point of view. In the same way, a true Islamic, rational and logical examination of the concept of slavery of Islam has been presented. There is also a wise law about slaves in the universal system that Islam has given to the world. Slavery in the name is left, otherwise, all their rights are in no way less than free human beings.   In case of any kind of abuse, they could have approached the Islamic court and got justice.

scholarly journals Paradoxical nature of the consciential wars

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kachurova ◽  
Eugene Kachurov ◽  
Yuriy Pokhodzilo
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Absolute Identity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Modern War ◽  
Controversial Nature ◽  
Problem Setting

Problem setting. Consciously or unconsciously, but being not so much psychologists or sociologists, how many political technologists, supporters of this concept mythologizing nature as consciousness in general, and its national form in particular. In view of this, the purpose of this article is revealed due to a decrease in the degree of social tension, which is generated by such myths. For its achievement, the experience of German classical philosophy is used. Article’s main body. The article investigates the thesis regarding the consolidation of modern wars, which is relevant in the present conditions. It is emphasized that the creators and supporters of this concept claim precisely about the war on defeat (destruction) of consciousness. It is emphasized that an excellent characteristic is the controversial nature of such conflicts – the fact that they are confronting one of all. In the course of the study, it was found that the interpretation of these wars, as not having a particular opponent (without an enemy), really has the right to exist, but not in the conditions of modernity, but according to world history. Conclusion. The modern war is really conducted, only not at the level of consciousness (the most difficult ones, as we have seen, shaped spirit). It is carried out at a level slightly below consciousness. This should finally recognize it. It is not about a consolidate, namely subconcscription (in the skyline of the subconscious) war. In our point of view, the thesis that “there is no obvious opponents in the conscientious wars,” in essence is absolutely correct. Two and a half thousand years ago, precisely from the Greeks, it is precisely with the appearance of the phenomenon of consciousness (in the sense of realizing the absolute identity of inaccurate thinking and being) the true history of mankind began. It is very indicative that in addition to the word “allate - truth” in their thinking was born his double, the word “story” appeared in the Greeks

scholarly journals The Entropy of Words—Learnability and Expressivity across More Than 1000 Languages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bentz ◽  
Dimitrios Alikaniotis ◽  
Michael Cysouw ◽  
Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Parallel Corpora ◽  
The World ◽  
Theoretic Point ◽  
The Right

The choice associated with words is a fundamental property of natural languages. It lies at the heart of quantitative linguistics, computational linguistics, and language sciences more generally. Information-theory gives us tools at hand to measure precisely the average amount of choice associated with words—the word entropy. Here we use three parallel corpora—encompassing ca. 450 million words in 1916 texts and 1259 languages—to tackle some of the major conceptual and practical problems of word entropy estimation: dependence on text size, register, style and estimation method, as well as non-independence of words in co-text. We present three main results: 1) a text size of 50K tokens is sufficient for word entropies to stabilize throughout the text, 2) across languages of the world, word entropies display a unimodal distribution that is skewed to the right. This suggests that there is a trade-off between the learnability and expressivity of words across languages of the world. 3) There is a strong linear relationship between unigram entropies and entropy rates, suggesting that they are inherently linked. We discuss the implications of these results for studying the diversity and evolution of languages from an information-theoretic point of view.

scholarly journals Certain problems of legal regulation of the activities of operational police units

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Igor' Skokov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Introduction. The article deals with the history of the law enforcement and alteration to certain provisions of the Federal law «On police» from 07.02.2011 № 3-FZ. Goal. The purpose of the work was to evaluate certain provisions of the Federal law «On police» and the Federal law «On operational and investigative activities» from the point of view of operational search activity and on the basis of a comparative legal method of cognition of normative acts regulating the process of law enforcement and operational search activity. To identify the problems of the interaction of these laws. The article presents inconsistencies between the provisions of the Federal law «On police» and the Federal law «On operational and investigative activities». Results. As a result of the work, the author identified and attributed to the number of problematic provisions concerning the right of police officers to conduct operational search activities, the right to enter the homes of citizens, and some others. The author’s suggestions for amendments to the law «On police» are given, and the need for further research aimed at eliminating the identified shortcomings and solving the problems under consideration is determined. The author comes to the conclusion that the timely elimination of the shortcomings of the legal relationship between the Federal law «On police» and the Federal law «On operational and investigative activities» in the context of regulating the activities of operational police units will only increase the efficiency of the organization of operational and investigative activities of the internal affairs bodies.

scholarly journals Research of Civil and Legal Relations of Kievan Rus Period Made by Professor P. P. Tsitovich (1843-1913)

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
V. A. Grechenko
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time

The subject matter of the research is the creative work of the professor of Kharkiv, Kyiv, Odesa and St. Petersburg Universities P. P. Tsitovich related to some aspects of the law of Kievan Rus. The novelty of the work is the fact that this problem in the historical and legal literature has not been studied yet. For the first time, the author of the article has studied the main aspects of scientific research accomplished by professor P. P. Tsitovich in the field of civil law of the period of the Old Russian State. The author of this research has used historical, formal and logical methods. It has been discovered that the first sources were Russo-Byzantine treaties of the X century, which were the beginning of his research; the author of the article has accomplished a comparative analysis of his points of view on these issues as well as the opinions of his contemporaries – scholars from other Universities; has analyzed his thoughts about testamentary heritage in the Ancient Russia era. It has been also established that P. P. Tsitovich concluded that the treaties between Rus and Byzantine Empire of the X century are irrelevant for the history of Russian succession law both in nature and through the confusion of the resolutions contained there. He believed that they did not determine the system and procedure of inheritance. This point of view did not coincide with the opinion of most law historians of that time. P. Tsitovich also expressed his opinion about the general characteristics of the property relations of the Kievan Rus era. He believed that the land itself did not have any value in that era and it was only received as a household. P. Tsitovich also expressed his opinion that the equal relations between men and women in the family are possible, in case if a woman was not stolen and was not purchased, but voluntary got married like in the equal to equal relationships. The scholar’s work put forward two dogmas related to inheritance: 1) heirs – are children in general, but the preference is given to men over women; 2) unmarried women have the right to a part of the inheritance if there are brothers. The works of P. P. Tsitovich in the sphere of succession law and marital relations of the Kievan Rus era have a certain significance at the present time.

scholarly journals History of shipbuilding in the South of the Ukrainian SSR in 1945–1991: theoretical and methodological principles of the research

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Kondratiuk
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The South ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Right ◽  
Historical Past

Coverage of the past requires, first of all, researcher’s understanding of the essence of the historical knowledge, skills on the principles of epistemology and historical science, using necessary scientific methods, objective reconstruction of the course of events. That is, he must know the ways of research and the ways of learning the past, in other words, he must be knowledgeable about the methodology of the historical science. The modern methodology of history is characterized by diverse, sometimes opposite approaches to the study of the historical past due to, first of all, differences in historians’ worldview and their understanding of a historical reality. All this leads to the formation of a polyvariant, pluralistic, nonlinear methodology. Starting a research, a historian must understand what theoretical principles he will rely on, from which point of view he will consider events and phenomena. At the same time, each researcher has the right to choose his own methodological foundations for comprehension of historical existence, to use logical constructions, principles and methods which, in his opinion, are most optimal for solving a specific scientific problem. Investigating the development of shipbuilding in the South of Ukraine in 1945–1991, the author supports the dialectical understanding of history, believing that dialectics captures (reflects) the most characteristic features of the development. Choosing dialectics and the theory of modernization as the main philosophical approaches, the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, pluralism and modern methodological tools makes it possible to solve the tasks and achieve the goal of a concrete historical research of the development of shipbuilding in the South of Ukraine in 1945–1991.

Z-line degradation and phagocytosis of sarcomeric fragments in myonecrosis

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 790-791
Author(s):  
Melinda L. Estes ◽  
Samuel M. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathy ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
White Female ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltrate ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Muscle Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mononuclear Inflammatory Cell

Many muscle diseases show common pathological features although their etiology is different. In primary muscle diseases a characteristic finding is myofiber necrosis. The mechanism of myonecrosis is unknown. Polymyositis is a primary muscle disease characterized by acute and subacute degeneration as well as regeneration of muscle fibers coupled with an inflammatory infiltrate. We present a case of polymyositis with unusual ultrastructural features indicative of the basic pathogenetic process involved in myonecrosis.The patient is a 63-year-old white female with a one history of proximal limb weakness, weight loss and fatigue. Examination revealed mild proximal weakness and diminished deep tendon reflexes. Her creatine kinase was 1800 mU/ml (normal < 140 mU/ml) and electromyography was consistent with an inflammatory myopathy which was verified by light microscopy on biopsy muscle. Ultrastructural study of necrotizing myofiber, from the right vastus lateralis, showed: (1) degradation of the Z-lines with preservation of the adjacent Abands including M-lines and H-bands, (Fig. 1), (2) fracture of the sarcomeres at the I-bands with disappearance of the Z-lines, (Fig. 2), (3) fragmented sarcomeres without I-bands, engulfed by invading phagocytes, (Fig. 3, a & b ), and (4) mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate in the endomysium.

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