scholarly journals Divorce in Canada Geese (Branta canadensis): frequency, causes, and consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Michael R. Conover ◽  
Jonathan B. Dinkins
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
The Other ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Direct Fitness ◽  
Pair Bonds

Most Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) form lifelong pair bonds (same-mate geese), but some pairs break apart and the geese mate with new partners while their former mates are still alive (divorcees). Over 25 years, we assessed lifelong reproduction of 160 collared Canada Geese that nested for multiple years in New Haven County, Connecticut. We examined whether same-mate geese and divorcee geese differed from each other prior to or after the divorce. Fifteen percent of females and 18% of males divorced during their lifetimes. Divorces were more frequent in pairs that produced fewer hatchlings during their prior nesting year. Most divorcees that nested again did so on their former nesting territories. Replacement partners of divorcees averaged younger and had fewer years of nesting experience than the divorcees’ prior mate. Usually after a divorce, one divorcee of each former pair nested immediately while the other skipped one or more years before nesting again. Under such circumstances, the partner able to nest immediately can increase its direct fitness by finding a new partner and nesting rather than foregoing the opportunity to nest that year. During their first nesting year after the divorce, the reproductive success of divorcees and same-mate geese were similar.

Mate retention in Giant Canada Geese

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2766-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Raveling
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Mate Retention ◽  
Branta Canadensis Maxima ◽  
Breeding Seasons

Of 73 pairs of Giant Canada Geese (Branta canadensis maxima) in which both members of the pair were marked with individually identifiable neckbands, 68 (93%) remained together for as long as both members were alive or retained their markers. Collectively, these data represent 183 years of pair histories (sum of pairs × years of records). One pair that had raised a brood in the summer they were captured and marked separated during the next breeding season; neither re-paired with another bird, and then they rejoined the following autumn and remained together for five consecutive breeding seasons (and winters). Members of four (5.5%) pairs obtained new mates while their former mates were still alive. Of 17 surviving members of pairs in which the mate died (or disappeared) over winter, 15 (88%) re-paired. Data on reproductive success of 4 of these new pairs were not obtained, but 10 of 11 of the other new pairs successfully reared broods.

scholarly journals Reproductive Success and Survival in Relation to Experience During the First Two Years in Canada Geese

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Raveling ◽  
James S. Sedinger ◽  
Devin S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Family Associations ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract We studied the relationship between family associations of immature Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) and their reproductive success as 2-year-olds and survival to three years. A higher proportion of immature Canada Geese associated with family members survived to breeding age and were more successful in reproducing in their first potential year of sexual maturity (age 2) than were geese that were not in family associations. These results illustrate the benefits of prolonged parental care outweighing costs to parents and the probable influence of family association on future successful breeding. Many reproductive failures of vertebrates with complex social organization may be related to experience during maturation.

Quo Vadis Tyrannosaurus?: The Future of Dinosaur Studies

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Chure
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quo Vadis

“Although I work a lot with fossils in my own research on fishes, I do not care to be called a paleontologist; and I am turned off by many aspects of the public-relations hoopla surrounding paleontology, especially dinosaurs…. One could easily argue that the schools' fascination with dinosaurs might also detract from the other aspects of earth science and biological science and, in the end, weaken paleontology's image as an activity for hard-nosed grown-ups.”K.S. Thomson, 1985: p. 73“Let dinosaurs be dinosaurs. Let the Dinosauria stand proudly alone, a Class by itself. They merit it. And let us squarely face the dinosaurness of birds and the birdness of the Dinosauria. When the Canada geese honk their way northward, we can say: “The dinosaurs are migrating, it must be spring!”R.T. Bakker, 1986: p. 462It is a now oft-repeated statement that we are in the Second Golden Age of dinosaur studies. This may at first seem to be yet another overstatement by dinosaur fanatics; in fact, it is substantiated on a number of fronts. Research activity is certainly at an all-time high, with resident dinosaur researchers on every continent (except Antarctica) and dinosaurs known from every continent (including Antarctica). This activity has resulted in a spate of discoveries, including not only new genera and species, but entirely new types of dinosaurs, such as the segnosaurs. Well-known groups are producing surprises, such as armored sauropods and sauropods bearing tail clubs. Good specimens of previously named genera are revealing unsuspected structural features that almost defy explanation, as in the skull of Oviraptor. However, dinosaur studies extend far beyond the traditional emphasis on dinosaur morphology, and encompass paleobiogeography, paleoecology, taphonomy, physiology, tracks, eggs, histology, and extinction, among others. In some cases, several of these studies can be applied to a single taxon or locality to give us a fairly detailed understanding of the paleobiology of some species.

Coccidia of Canada geese(Branta canadensis) at Kortright Waterfowl Park, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, with description of Isospora anseris n.sp.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Skene ◽  
O. Remmler ◽  
M. A. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
A New Species

A survey of adult Canada geese, Branta canadensis, at Kortright Waterfowl Park in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, showed that 20% of the geese sampled passed small numbers of coccidial oocysts throughout the winter months (October 1975 to February 1976). Four species of coccidia, Eimeria hermani Farr, 1953, E. magnalabia Levine, 1951, E. truncata (Raillet and Lucet, 1891) Wasielewski, 1904, and Tyzzeria parvula (Kotlan, 1933) Klimes, 1963, were identified from the samples examined. A hitherto undescribed Isospora sp. was found in 5% of the fecal samples. It is named Isospora anseris and described as a new species. In the spring goslings were found to be passing E. hermani oocysts between the 8th and 13th day of hatching.

An Analysis of Function in the Formation Flight of Canada Geese

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Badgerow
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Formation Flight ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Complex Behavior ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Multiple Hypotheses ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
Analysis Of Function

Abstract I analyzed formations of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) with a single, direct method of testing predictions from multiple hypotheses. The results support both energetic (aerodynamic) advantage and orientation communication through visual contact as functions of this complex behavior. Comparison of observed positioning patterns with criteria for optimal function suggests priority may be given to the maximization of energy savings within limits imposed by environmental and other constraints.

scholarly journals Distribution and use of brood-rearing and moulting sites of the Atlantic population of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) in Nunavik, Quebec

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Richard C. Cotter
Keyword(s):  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Nesting Ecology ◽  
Brood Rearing ◽  
Atlantic Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Shallow Bay ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Coastal Lowlands

The Atlantic population of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) nests in the coastal lowlands of eastern Hudson Bay and southwestern Ungava Bay in Nunavik, Quebec. Although many aspects of the nesting ecology of this and other northern populations of Canada Geese have been studied and published, there is a paucity of information on the use of brood-rearing and moulting sites. Based on 18 years of band and recapture data from an ongoing banding program, this paper presents the distribution of brood-rearing and moulting sites and the use of these sites over time. Along Hudson Bay and Ungava Bay, the most important brood-rearing and moulting areas are the stretch of coastal lowlands between the Mariet River and Shallow Bay and between Rivière aux Feuilles and Virgin Lake, respectively. Of all adult geese captured during the banding program (n = 41 924), 7.5% (standard error [SE] 0.13%) were recaptures, that is, birds that had previously been caught and banded; annual recapture rates ranged from 5.1% to 11.4%. The mean and median distances between the site of first recapture and the original site of capture were 4.3 km (SE 0.22 km) and 1.5 km, respectively. Juveniles moved, on average, 5.4 km farther than adults and males moved 1.4 km farther than females. Among geese banded as juveniles, males moved twice as far as females: 11.5 km versus 5.7 km.

scholarly journals Performance of polychaete assisted sand filters under contrasting nutrient loads in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jerónimo ◽  
Ana Isabel Lillebø ◽  
Andreia Santos ◽  
Javier Cremades ◽  
Ricardo Calado
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Hediste Diversicolor ◽  
Sand Filters

AbstractPolychaete assisted sand filters (PASFs) allow to combine a highly efficient retention of particulate organic matter (POM) present in aquaculture effluent water and turn otherwise wasted nutrients into valuable worm biomass, following an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) approach. This study evaluated the bioremediation and biomass production performances of three sets of PASFs stocked with ragworms (Hediste diversicolor) placed in three different locations of an open marine land-based IMTA system. The higher organic matter (OM) recorded in the substrate of the systems which received higher POM content (Raw and Df PASFs – filtered raw and screened by drum filter effluent, respectively) likely prompted a superior reproductive success of stocked polychaetes (final densities 2–7 times higher than initial stock; ≈1000–3000 ind. m−2). Bioremediation efficiencies of ≈70% of supplied POM (≈1.5–1.8 mg L−1) were reported in these systems. The PASFs with lower content of OM in the substrate (Df + Alg PASFs – filtered effluent previously screened by drum filter and macroalgae biofilter) differed significantly from the other two, with stocked polychaetes displaying a poorer reproductive success. The PASFs were naturally colonized with marine invertebrates, with the polychaetes Diopatra neapolitana, Terebella lapidaria and Sabella cf. pavonina being some of the species identified with potential for IMTA.

“Two Suns in One Firmament”: John Cotton, Thomas Hooker, and the 1655 New Haven Sodomy Statute

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1028
Author(s):  
Sandra Slater
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
The Other ◽  
Massachusetts Bay ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Legal Code ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Stark Contrast

This piece explores the origins of the anomalous 1655 New Haven statute against sodomy that broke with legal traditions and codes both in England and New England. A lengthy and extraordinarily specific piece of legislation, the New Haven law stands in stark contrast to the minimalist language favored by the English in the early seventeenth century. When viewed within the larger context of clerical animosities, particularly between Thomas Hooker and John Cotton, there is a strong circumstantial case to make for its implementation as an extension of John Cotton's rejected Massachusetts Bay legal code,Moses His Judicials, applied by his friend and admirer John Davenport in New Haven. A devout disciple of John Cotton, John Davenport's New Haven colony relied on Cotton's influence and stood as a rebuke to Thomas Hooker's Connecticut settlements, often criticized as too spiritually lax by those in Massachusetts Bay and New Haven. While seeking to demonstrate greater piety and rigidity, John Cotton and Thomas Hooker sought to exert dominance over the other, with Cotton employing Davenport's colony as an effective castigation of Hooker's perceived liberality. This piece is reflective of trends in studies of sexuality which suggest that ideas and identities related to sexuality do not operate in isolation, but often mirror anxieties not necessarily connected to the regulation of sexual activities. This article situates the 1655 Sodomy Statue within a broader context in order to understand its origins and animosities that potentially motivated its inclusion into the New Haven legal statutes.

A study of Canada geese, Branta canadensis, nesting on islands in southeastern Alberta

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Egg Laying ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Branta Canadensis ◽  
Canada Goose ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Uniform Spacing ◽  
Incubation Periods

Canada goose clutches situated on islands in Dowling Lake and Lake Newell, Alberta, were checked from laying to hatching. Egg-laying intervals averaged 1.87 days and incubation periods 26.8 days. The distribution of nests showed a significant deviation from randomness in the direction of uniform spacing. Causes of extensive hatching failure at Dowling Lake were predation and desertion. Predation by coyotes was facilitated by low water levels. A preference for nesting on islands appears to be a mechanism to counteract mammalian predation.

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