scholarly journals Predictors of severe forms of rotaviral infection in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
K. D. Ermolenko ◽  
A. I. Konev ◽  
K. Yu. Ermolenko ◽  
Yu. V. Lobzin
Keyword(s):  
Early Age ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccination ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Late Stages

Rotavirus infection (RVI) is one of the most common childhood diseases. The study of predictors of severe forms of this disease is of undoubted interest.Aim. Based on the study of the characteristics of the premorbid background, life history and clinical and laboratory parameters, determine predictors of severe forms of RVI.Patients and methods. In the departments of intestinal infections and resuscitation and intensive care of Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases in the period 2018 – 202. a retrospective study of 962 children aged 2 months to 2 years with rotavirus infection was carried out. he severity of the condition was assessed using the Clarke scale. To identify the most significant predictors of the development of severe forms of RVI, two groups of patients were compared: severe (> 16 points) and moderate (≤16 points) forms of RVI. Comparison of the frequency of occurrence of signs in the groups was performed using the Pearson χ2 test and Fisher’s exact method. The forecasting model was developed using discriminant analysis of the statistical package Statistica for Windows.Results. Severe forms of RVI were detected in 65 children. Among the patients with severe forms of RVI, there were no patients with completed preventive vaccination. Patients with severe forms of RVI were admitted to the hospital in the late stages of the disease and had a higher score on the CDS scale. Based on the research carried out, a model for predicting severe forms of RVI was developed. The features included in the model were: the day of illness at admission, the patient’s age, prehospital prescription of antibacterial drugs, the absence of completed vaccination against RVI, and the severity of dehydration. Assessment of the quality of the created model showed that the classification ability was 97.7%.Conclusion. Predictors of severe forms of RVI include admission to a hospital in the late stages of the disease with severe dehydration, early age, prehospital antibiotics and forced transfer to artificial feeding, and absence of completed prophylactic vaccination.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs: an update on diagnosis, treatment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Emma Keeble
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Early Age

This article reviews the current literature on osteoarthritis in pet and laboratory guinea pigs. The associated clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs will be discussed, with options for analgesia detailed. This condition is thought to be common in pet guinea pigs, even from an early age in some genetic lines, although osteoarthritis often goes undiagnosed in this species until advanced disease is present, posing a major welfare concern. Increasing awareness of this condition in veterinary practitioners should aid early diagnosis in pets and help improve their quality of life. Prevention may be possible using oral protective nutritional supplements to slow down the progression of this disease at an early stage. Lifestyle changes are also discussed for the management of this condition in pet guinea pigs.

Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in the treatment of major monogenic autoinflammatory diseases: literature review and clinical observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
S. O. Salugina ◽  
E. S. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Autoinflammatory Diseases ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Late Stages

Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare genetically determined conditions, the main manifestations of which are episodes of fever in combination with other signs of systemic inflammation: skin rashes, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders, damage to the organs of vision, hearing, etc., as well as acute phase markers and the absence of autoantibodies. The use of biological therapy, especially inhibitors of interleukin 1 (iIL1), in most common monogenic AIDs (mAID) – FMF, TRAPS, HIDS/MKD, CAPS – has shown its high efficiency and led to significant progress in the treatment of these patients. Currently, iIL1 are the first-line drugs for mAIDs therapy, primarily CAPS. In the case of their ineffectiveness or intolerance in certain situations, other biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs can also be used – inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor α and iIL6, but this issue needs further investigation. The article describes a patient with mAID, in whom the diagnosis was made more than 40 years after the onset; administration of targeted therapy even in the late stages of the disease led to a significant improvement in many symptoms and quality of life. 

Assessment of high school textbooks addressing radiations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
K. Karfopoulos ◽  
E. Mestousi ◽  
P. Founta ◽  
E. Carinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Early Age ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Different Types

Exposure to different types of radiation is an integral part of everyday life (e.g. cosmic radiation, radon, medical applications, cell phones, etc.). Therefore, the general public should adequately be informed on the issue from an early age in order to develop a realistic understanding of the associated risks and the necessary safety culture. In this respect, the quality of the related information provided in the school textbooks is of great importance. The present work demonstrates a quantified assessment of high school textbooks regarding the information on different radiation-related topics provided to students. The assessment was carried out based on an anonymous online survey with the participation of a total of 347 high school teachers. According to the results of the survey, the high school textbooks address radiation issues in a sparse, occasional, and fragmentary manner. Moreover, the results indicate that the quality of information they provide was judged as unsatisfactory in terms of scientific correctness, completeness, clarity-comprehensiveness and objectivity. Radiation protection and applications of non-ionizing radiation are the topics that are covered to a lesser extent in the textbooks and curricula evaluated.

Screening Youth Soccer Players by Means of Cognitive Function and Agility Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110402
Author(s):  
Nicola Lovecchio ◽  
Gianluca Manes ◽  
Luca Filipas ◽  
Matteo Giuriato ◽  
Antonio La Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Inhibitory Response ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gross Motor Skills ◽  
Youth Soccer

Talent identification in sports is a heavily debated topic. Previous studies have separately explored either executive functions or gross motor skills to predict the success of top-level soccer players or, more generally, to characterize elite performance in soccer. However, at mid-childhood, the possibility to scope sport-specific requirements remains elusive. We aimed in this study to investigate a valid and simple method of testing for a unique combination of cognitive and speed abilities for identifying promising soccer players at mid-childhood. We measured cognitive functions by means of a Stroop smartphone application and agility with a T-Drill Ball-success test, in two groups of (a) elite- ( n = 31) and (b) low-division ( n = 37) Italian 7-year-old male soccer players. We administered the tests in a randomized order to both groups. We found better inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and soccer-specific agility in high-division versus low-division players ( p < .001). Inhibitory response and agility were positively associated with the augmented quality of the performance from low-division players to high-division players ( r = .55; p = .0001). These results suggest that, even at an early age, cognitive control together with soccer-specific skills is associated with better performance.

scholarly journals A Review: Mealtime Difficulties following Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Lewis ◽  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Dennis Velakoulis ◽  
Adam P. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Individual Care ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Late Stages

Background: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) can result in a decline in behavior, language, and motor function. Mealtime disturbances are a common and significant outcome of FTLD. Disturbances during mealtimes can arise from dysphagia or may occur secondary to behavioral changes such as rapid eating, mealtime rigidity, and altered diet preferences. Summary: Few studies have comprehensively evaluated eating behavior or dysphagia in individuals presenting with FTLD pathology despite the potential impact on medical safety and individual quality of life. Dysphagia is reported in the late stages of frontotemporal dementia and early in the motor subtypes of FTLD. The identification of dysphagia can alert individuals and medical teams to disease progression and provide insight into the nature and spread of the underlying neuropathology. Improved understanding of eating behaviors can improve individual care and may enhance diagnostic accuracy. Key Message: Aberrant eating behavior and swallowing difficulties are reported in the conditions associated with FTLD neuropathology. The consequences of mealtime disturbances include health risks associated with an increased BMI and aspiration, reduction of an individual’s independence, and an increase in caregiver stress and burden. Here we review and summarize the literature on eating behavior and swallow impairments (dysphagia) in each of the syndromes caused by FTLD.

scholarly journals High rate of native arteriovenous fistulas: How to reach this goal?

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 226-229
Author(s):  
Tamara Jemcov ◽  
Marija Milinkovic ◽  
Igor Koncar ◽  
Ilija Kuzmanovic ◽  
Nenad Jakovljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Access ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Vascular Surgeon ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Clinical Center

The types of vascular accesses for hemodialysis (HD) include the native arteriovenous fistula (AVF), arteriovenous graft (AVG) and central venous catheter (CVC). Adequately matured native AVF is the best choice for HD patients and a high percentage of its presence is the goal of every nephrologist and vascular surgeon. This paper analyses the number and type of vascular accesses for HD performed over a 10-year period at the Clinical Center of Serbia, and presents the factors of importance for the creation of such a high number of successful native AVF (over 80%). Such a result is, inter alia, the consequence of the appointment of the Vascular Access Coordinator, whose task was to improve the quality of care of blood vessels in the predialysis period as well as of functional vascular accesses, and to promote the cooperation among different specialists within the field. Vascular access is the ?lifeline? for HD patients. Thus, its successful planning, creation and monitoring of vascular access is a continuous process that requires the collaboration and cooperation of the patient, nephrologist, vascular surgeon, radiologist and medical personnel.

scholarly journals Pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis alam untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar anak usia dini

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Betty Yulia Wulansari ◽  
Sugito Sugito
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
T Test ◽  
Early Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Learning Principles

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran berbasis alam untuk anak usia dini, dan (2) untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas proses belajar antara Model PBA dan model pembelajaran konvensional. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi dan lembar catatan lapangan. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriftif dan data kuantatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) produk penelitian ini adalah Model PBA untuk anak usia dini. Prinsip pembelajarannya yaitu belajar tentang alam, belajar dengan menggunakan alam, dan belajar bersama alam, dan (2) ada perbedaan kualitas proses belajar yang signifikan antara model Model PBA dan pembelajaran konvensional dan. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil SPSS 16 uji terbatas yaitu thit= -3,008< ttabel= -1,717  dan hasil uji diperluas yaitu nilai thit= -2,159< ttabel= -2,024. Model PBA dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar anak karena model ini mengakomodasi karakteristik belajar anak.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran berbasis alam, anak usia dini, proses belajar Developing Nature-Based Learning Model for Improving Learning Process Quality of Early Age ChildrenAbstractThis research aims to: (1) develop nature-based learning model for early age children, and (2) know the difference of nature-based learning model and conventional learning model on early age children learning process. The research method was developmental research.The data were collected through observation guide and fieldnotes. The qualitative data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and the quantitative data were analyzed through independent sample t-test. The result of the research are (1) the research product is a nature-based learning model for early age children. The learning principles are learning about nature, learning through nature, and learning with nature, and(2) there are different significant result quality on learning process between the nature-based learning model and conventional learning model. It has been proven on the result of SPSS 16 program which is shown value of tcount= -3,008 < ttable= -1,717 and enlarged testing that value of tcount= -2,159< ttable= -2,024. The nature-based learning model increased learning process quality because it was accommodate learning characteristic of children.Keywords: nature-based learning process, early age children, learning process

scholarly journals Child health care in Brazil: aspects of program vulnerability and human rights

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1171-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glória Lúcia Alves Figueiredo ◽  
Débora Falleiros de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Brazilian Child ◽  
Child Health Programs ◽  
Current Guidelines

This study aimed to examine the epidemiological approach in Brazilian child health programs, towards the reflection on current guidelines from the perspective of program vulnerability and human rights. A descriptive study was carried out, based on the analysis of official documents elaborated by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The expansion and reorganization of family health practices and integrated care for prevailing childhood diseases are aimed at promoting health and quality of life to children and families. Health professionals, imbued with observation and intervention, can be considered agents to respect, protect and implement human rights.

scholarly journals A Case of Letting the Cat out of The Bag—Why Trap-Neuter-Return Is Not an Ethical Solution for Stray Cat (Felis catus) Management

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crawford ◽  
Calver ◽  
Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Community Education ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Pet Ownership ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Stray Cat ◽  
Almost All

Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs, in which stray cats are captured, neutered and returned to the environment are advocated as a humane, ethical alternative to euthanasia. We review the TNR literature in light of current debate over whether or not there should be further TNR trials in Australia. We revisit the problems arising from stray cats living in association with human habitation and estimate how many stray cats would have to be processed through a scientifically-guided TNR program to avoid high euthanasia rates. We also identify 10 ethical and welfare challenges that have to be addressed: we consider the quality of life for stray cats, where they would live, whether the TNR process itself is stressful, whether TNR cats are vulnerable to injury, parasites and disease, can be medically treated, stray cats’ body condition and diet, and their impacts on people, pet cats, and urban wildlife, especially endemic fauna. We conclude that TNR is unsuitable for Australia in almost all situations because it is unlikely to resolve problems caused by stray cats or meet ethical and welfare challenges. Targeted adoption, early-age desexing, community education initiatives and responsible pet ownership have greater promise to minimize euthanasia, reduce numbers rapidly, and address the identified issues.

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