Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Licania tomentosa (Benth.) fritsch (crhysobalanaceae)

This work describes the chemical composition, and evaluates the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of the Licania tomentosa. Gram positive and negative bacterial strains were used in this work. Examination of the phytochemical composition of L. tomentosa revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids. An antibacterial assay pointed out that the extract had a lower minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC - 32 ?g/mL) towards Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC12692). The extract also presented antibacterial activity against other assayed bacteria, with the MIC varying between 64 and 512 ?g/ mL. Our findings reveal that the extract presented an antioxidative capacity lower than that of BHT at the same concentration, used as positive control. Our results suggest that the levels and combinations between the secondary metabolites of this plant should be investigated to explain the demonstrated antibacterial activity.

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Isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Anredera cordifolia CIX1 for metabolites and their biological activities

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-020-03095-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Celiwe Innocentia Nxumalo ◽

Londeka Sibusisiwe Ngidi ◽

Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu ◽

Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background Endophytes, especially those that are found from ethnopharmacologically noteworthy medicinal plants have attracted attention due to their diverse bioactive metabolites of pharmacological importance. Methods This study aimed at isolating endophytic bacterium from the leaves of Anredera cordifolia CIX1 for its bioactive metabolites. The endophytic isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequence and investigated for antibiotic sensitivity using different antibiotics. The secondary metabolites were evaluated for antibacterial activity against four bacterial strains. The 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods were used to assess their scavenging activities. The chemical components were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results Out of 13 isolates, Isolate 1 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1. It was resistant to clindamycin, ertapenem, penicillin G, amoxicillin, cephalothin and kanamycin but sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, and gentamycin. Its extract demonstrated antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.098 against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10102) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and 0.391 mg/ml against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 25933). The extract revealed DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 0.650 mg/ml and 0.15 mg/ml, respectively. The GC-MS revealed a total of 15 compounds with diisooctyl phthalate (50.51%) and [1, 2, 4] oxadiazole, 5-benzyl-3 (10.44%) as major components. Conclusions P. aeruginosa CP043328.1 produced secondary metabolites with antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST BACILLUS SUBTILIS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF METHANOL EXTRACTS FROM GARCINIA LATISSIMA MIQ. LEAVES

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati ◽

Berna Elya ◽

Amarila Malik ◽

Muhammad Hanafi ◽

Hanita Omar

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Positive Control ◽

Inhibition Zones

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify fractions with the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and to determineantioxidant activities and establish the chromatographic fractions as candidate antibacterial and antioxidant agents.Methods: Extracts were fractionated using column chromatography, and antibacterial activities were assayed by the analyses of inhibition zones andbioautography, as well as by broth microdilution techniques. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)assay.Results: The strongest antibacterial activity against B. subtilis (ATCC 6633) was observed with fractions B and C obtained in this research, witha minimum inhibitory concentration value of 312.5 μg/mL. The effective percentage (EP) value of crude extract at 10 μg/mL was 29.47±2.01%.Fractions C and D had greater EP values than the crude extract, whereas fraction D had the highest scavenging activity against DPPH free radicals(37.73±1.44%) when used at 10 μg/mL. The half effective concentration of the extract was 23.40 μg/mL, whereas that of the most active fraction Dwas 19.38 μg/mL and quercetin as positive control was 3.72 μg/mL.Conclusion: The present data confirm that fractions of methanol extract from Garcinia latissima Miq. leaves possess antibacterial and antioxidantactivities. These observations may facilitate the development of antimicrobial phytomedicines with a wide spectrum of activities and standardizedantioxidant properties.

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Phytochemical Screening of Essential Oils and Antibacterial Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Barringtonia asiatica (L) Leaf Extract

Biochemistry Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/7143989 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isaac John Umaru ◽

Fasihuddin A. Badruddin ◽

Hauwa A. Umaru

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Positive Control ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Agar Disc

Objective. To ascertain the essential oil phytochemicals of the leaf and to test for the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of dichloromethane crude extract of Barringtonia asiatica leaf. Methods. The phytochemical screening of essential oils, extraction by hydrodistillation using the Clevenger apparatus, and analysis performed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Antibacterial activity and the inhibition rate (mm) were determined using the agar disc method against four bacterial strains using tetracycline as positive control. The antioxidant potential of dichloromethane crude extract was investigated spectrophotometrically using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. Results. The essential oil properties were reasonable with major phytochemicals like uncineol 30.9%, eicosane 27.4%, eicosane 21.6%, and 4-propyl-guaiacol 14.05%. The antibacterial activity of the dichloromethane crude extract showed broad-spectrum activity against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae with inhibition value ranges between 2.50 ± 0.10 mm and 5.00 ± 0.06 mm. The dichloromethane crude extract exhibited strong antioxidant activities when compared to the standard. Conclusions. These results suggest that the leaves of Barringtonia asiatica is composed of essential compound as well as antibacterial and antioxidant properties from the crude extract; these are possible due to the presence of some bioactive compounds in the crude extract. The species also showed a reasonable amount of natural products in the essential oils from the hydrodistillation which can as well be used in the cosmetics and food industries.

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Phytochemical Evaluation and Antibacterial Activity of Fruit Extract of Solanum surattense Burm F. against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

International Journal of PharmTech Research ◽

10.20902/ijptr.2019.130109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 79-87

Author(s):

R Dhanalakshmi ◽

J JaffarIqbal ◽

Nausath Jabeen K ◽

Noorul Zaithun Hidhaya M ◽

K Meena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Solanum Surattense

The objective of this study was to evaluate phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum surattense fruit against some grampositive and gram-negative bacterial strains. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was carried out by using the disc diffusion method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Ciprofloxacin was used as positive control. Hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum surattense fruit containing alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, sterols, proteins and tannins. Efficacy data analysis showed that hydroalcoholic extracts of fruit of Solanum surattense (1 mg/ml) inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi with mean diameters of inhibition zones being 24, 25, 28 and 30 mm respectively. On the other hand, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration value of 0.062 and 0.25 mg/ml, 0.062 and 0.25 mg/ml, 0.312 and 0.125 mg/ml, 0.156 and 0.0312 mg/ml were recorded against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi respectively. Hydroalcoholic extracts of Solanum surattense fruit have potent antibacterial activity against the different tested bacterial strains. This activity supports their use in treatment of infections caused by such resistant bacteria.

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Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Antarctic Bacteria Revealed Culture and Elicitation Conditions for the Production of Antimicrobial Compounds

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10050673 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 673

Author(s):

Kattia Núñez-Montero ◽

Damián Quezada-Solís ◽

Zeinab G. Khalil ◽

Robert J. Capon ◽

Fernando D. Andreote ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Culture Media ◽

Genome Mining ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Antarctic Bacteria ◽

New Antibiotics

Concern about finding new antibiotics against drug-resistant pathogens is increasing every year. Antarctic bacteria have been proposed as an unexplored source of bioactive metabolites; however, most biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) producing secondary metabolites remain silent under common culture conditions. Our work aimed to characterize elicitation conditions for the production of antibacterial secondary metabolites from 34 Antarctic bacterial strains based on MS/MS metabolomics and genome mining approaches. Bacterial strains were cultivated under different nutrient and elicitation conditions, including the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and coculture. Metabolomes were obtained by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and analyzed through molecular networking. Antibacterial activity was determined, and seven strains were selected for genome sequencing and analysis. Biosynthesis pathways were activated by all the elicitation treatments, which varies among strains and dependents of culture media. Increased antibacterial activity was observed for a few strains and addition of LPS was related with inhibition of Gram-negative pathogens. Antibiotic BGCs were found for all selected strains and the expressions of putative actinomycin, carotenoids, and bacillibactin were characterized by comparison of genomic and metabolomic data. This work established the use of promising new elicitors for bioprospection of Antarctic bacteria and highlights the importance of new “-omics” comparative approaches for drug discovery.

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Antibacterial Activities of 5-Nitro-2-uryl and 5-Nitro-2-Imidazolyl Derivatives of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole

Internal Medicine And Medical Investigation Journal ◽

10.24200/imminv.v4i2.213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hassan Moshafi ◽

Ali Peymani ◽

Alireza Foroumadi ◽

Mohammad Reza Zabihi ◽

Farzad Doostishoar

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Positive Control ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Derivatives Of

Introduction: Nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, which affect the microbial DNA. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the new derivatives of these two groups of antimicrobials against certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Materials and Methods: Seven new derivatives of nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles were synthesized, and 6.4 mg of each derivative was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Then, 8 serial dilutions (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 μg/ml) of each derivative was prepared using Muller-Hinton broth, and the minimum inhibitory concentration for each derivative was measured and compared to ciprofloxacin (standard). Results: All the derivatives had no antibacterial effects against Gram-negative bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration > 64 μg/ml); only 2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-5-(n-pentylsulfunyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole exhibited mild antibacterial effects against Klebsiella pneumonia (minimum inhibitory concentration of 16-32 μg/ml). The antibacterial effects of the derivatives against Gram-positive bacteria also showed variations from complete inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis (minimum inhibitory concentration < 0.5 μg/ml) by 2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-5-(n-buthylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole to no inhibition of S. epidermidis and streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusion: These compounds have weak antibacterial effects; only two derivatives showed antibacterial effects similar to that of the positive control.

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STUDY CYTOTOXICITY, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, AND COMPOSITIONS BY FT-IR AND GC-MS FOR ORGANIC EXTRACT OF WHITE IRAQI DESERT TRUFFLE TIRMANIA NIVEA

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.34_periodico36_pgs_18_31.pdf ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (36) ◽

pp. 18-31

Author(s):

Ahmad khadem HACHIM ◽

Rashid Rahim HATEET ◽

Tawfik Muhammad MUHSIN

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Cell Line ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Organic Extract

The purpose of the present work aimed at exploring the potential biochemical components and biological activities of an organic extract of the white truffle Tirmania nivea collected from the Iraqi desert, then test the organic extract against the Cytotoxicity on Human Larynx carcinoma cells and selected strains of pathogenic bacteria. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC/MSS were used to analyze mycochemical compositions. The antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was investigated using a disk diffusion agar method. The truffle extract's cytotoxicity effect against the larynx cell line (Hep-2) was assessed by the MTT assay (in vitro). FTIR results provided the presence of phenol, carboxylic acid, and alkane's functional group, The GC-MS analysis of T. nivea disclose the existence of nineteen compounds that can contribute to the pharmaceutical properties of the truffle. As for antibacterial activity result, A growth inhibition activity of truffle extract at (18-40 mm inhibition zones) against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains was detected, which minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) Respectively. The results of cytotoxicity shown that the organic truffle extract exhibited a high inhibitory rate (52.685%) against cell line (Hep-2) at a concentration of 1.56 ?g/mL. In this work, the results showed that the organic extracts of T. nivea are very promising as cancer cytotoxicity and antibacterial agent for future medical applications.

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In vitro Evaluationof the Antimi- crobial Activity of a Topical Skin Preparation Containing 0.1% Polyhexanide vs a Topical Skin Prepa-ration Containing 1% Silver Sulfadiazine

Clinical Dermatology & Therapy ◽

10.24966/cdt-8771/100055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Barbara Maglione ◽

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Silver Sulfadiazine ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Skin Preparation ◽

E Coli ◽

Topical Cream ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: The effective in vitro antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae),Escherichia coli (E.Coli) and the combination of S.aureus and K. pneumonia of a topical cream based on 0.1% polyhexanidewas compared to a topical cream based on 1% silver sulfadiazine.A topical cream containing 0,1% gentamicin was used as a positive control and a white blank topical cream was used as negative control. Materials and Methods: The in vitro antibacterial activities were determined by agar well-diffusion assay. Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test, by calculation of P-values, for significant antiseptic activity in bacteria treated with 0.1% polyhexanide topical cream compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine and to the negative and positive controls. Results: Among the derivatives tested, all the active topical creams analyzed were able to reduce microbial strains. The topical cream based on 0.1% polyhexanide showed a significantly higher antibacterial efficacy in comparison to the topical cream based on 1% silver sulfadiazine on S. aureus and K. pneumonia and on the combination of S. aureus and K. pneumoniae,while no significant difference was detected between the antibacterial activity of the two topical creams against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Conclusion: These results provide a further insight into the antibacterial activity of polyhexanide and its non-inferiority compared to silver sulfadiazine towards certain bacterial strains (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) and superiority towards other (S. aureus and K. pneumoniae)and support the use of 0.1% Polyhexanide topical preparation for the treatment of wounds that are infected or at risk of infection.

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Antibacterial Profile of Copaifera multijuga Oleoresin and Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves Against Oral Pathogens

Current Dentistry ◽

10.2174/2542579x01666180629100020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Iane Pereira Pimenta ◽

Fariza Abrão ◽

Jonas Joaquim Mangabeira da Silva ◽

Larissa Costa Oliveira ◽

Hervé Louis Ghislain Rogez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Clinical Isolate ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Oral Care ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Oral Pathogens

Background: Copaifera multijuga are widely used as medicinal plants in Brazil. Of the various ethnopharmacological indications of copaiba oleoresins, the antimicrobial activity had been highlighted. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the oleoresin and the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Copaifera multijuga against oral pathogens in the sessile and in the planktonic modes. Methods: Standard strains from the American Type Culture Collection and clinical isolates which cause both cariogenic and endodontic infections were used. Was evaluated in terms of its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and biofilm eradication assay. Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays showed that the oleoresin was effective against some the bacterial strains. Assessment of the antibiofilm activity of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from C. multijuga against the evaluated microaerophilic bacteria in the sessile mode gave IC50 values of 318.0 and 695.6 µg/mL against S. mitis (ATCC 49456) and A. actinomycetemcomintans (ATCC 43717), respectively. As for the assayed anaerobic bacteria, the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves gave IC50 of 4554.0, 2218.0, and 600.1 µg/mL against F. nucleatum (Clinical isolate), P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277), and P. micros (Clinical isolate), respectively, whereas the oleoresin afforded IC50 of 357.1 µg/mL against P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277). Conclusion: The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic extract of leaves displayed satisfactory activity against the main oral pathogens in both sessile and planktonic modes. The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves from C. multijuga are potential candidates for the development of new products for dental and oral care.

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Selenocompounds as Novel Antibacterial Agents and Bacterial Efflux Pump Inhibitors

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24081487 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1487 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tímea Mosolygó ◽

Annamária Kincses ◽

Andrea Csonka ◽

Ádám Szabó Tönki ◽

Karolina Witek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Multidrug Resistance ◽

Carbonyl Compounds ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Attractive Potential ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Efflux Pump Inhibitors

Bacterial multidrug resistance is becoming a growing problem for public health, due to the development and spreading of bacterial strains resistant to antimicrobials. In this study, the antibacterial and multidrug resistance reversing activity of a series of seleno-carbonyl compounds has been evaluated. The effects of eleven selenocompounds on bacterial growth were evaluated in Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Chlamydia trachomatis D. The combination effect of compounds with antibiotics was examined by the minimum inhibitory concentration reduction assay. Their efflux pump (EP) inhibitory properties were assessed using real-time fluorimetry. Relative expressions of EP and quorum-sensing genes were studied by quantitative PCR. Results showed that a methylketone selenoester had remarkable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and potentiated the activity of oxacillin in MRSA. Most of the selenocompounds showed significant anti-chlamydial effects. The selenoanhydride and the diselenodiester were active inhibitors of the AcrAB-TolC system. Based on these results it can be concluded that this group of selenocompounds can be attractive potential antibacterials and EP inhibitors. The discovery of new derivatives with a significant antibacterial activity as novel selenocompounds, is of high impact in the fight against resistant pathogens.

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