scholarly journals Nitrate sorption on activated carbon modified with CaCl2: Equilibrium, isotherms and kinetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odivan Zanella ◽  
Isabel Tessaro ◽  
Liliana Féris
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square

In this study, nitrate (NO3-) removal from aqueous solutions was investigated using granular activated carbon (GAC) modified with CaCl2. Batch sorption studies were performed as a function of sorbent dose, initial nitrate concentration and pH. Sorption was maximized between pH 3 and 9. Studies on the effect of pH showed that the ion exchange mechanism might be involved in the sorption process. The percentage of nitrate removed increased with increasing sorbent concentration, and the ideal sorbent dose was found to be 20 g?L-1. Four isotherm models-Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips-were used to fit the experimental data. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model explained the sorption process well and showed the best coefficient of determination (0.9979) and Chi-square test statistic (0.0079). Using the Sips isotherm model, the sorption capacity (qe) was found to be 1.93 mg nitrate per g of sorbent. Kinetic experiments indicated that sorption was a fast process, reaching equilibrium within 120 min. The nitrate sorption kinetic data were successfully fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The overall results demonstrated potential applications of modified GAC for nitrate removal from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Enhanced sorption capacity of the metal-dye system from water effluents by using polish activated industrial waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sočo ◽  
Jan Kalembkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract The activated coal fly ash (FA) treated with NaOH and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMABr) was used as adsorbent for removal of cadmium(II) ions and rhodamine B (RB) form an aqueous solution. Characterization of FA and FA-HDTMABr were done by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sorption equilibrium in the system were analysed by isotherm models, such as Freundlich, Langmuir, generalized Langmiur-Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Jovanović, extended Jovanović, Tóth, Fumkin-Fowler-Guggenheim, Fowler-Guggenheim-Jovanović-Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Halsey, Brunauer Emmett and Teller. The evaluation of fitting of the isotherms studied experimentally points was carried out by means of the reduced chi-square test and the coefficient of determination. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the FA-HDTMABr was found to be 744 mg·g−1 and 666 mg·g−1 for Cd(II) and RB, respectively. The PFO, PSO, Elovich mass transfer, liquid film diffusion and intra-particle diffusion models were analysed. Sorption kinetics data were well fitted by PSO model. The Elovich and intra-particle model also revealed that there are two separate stages in the sorption process, namely, the external diffusion and the inter-particle diffusion.

scholarly journals Comparative study between activated carbon and biochar for phenol removal from aqueous solution

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6781-6790
Author(s):  
Moammar Elbidi ◽  
Agab Hewas ◽  
Rajab Asar ◽  
Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Maximum Removal

Removal of phenol from wastewater using local biochar (BC) was investigated, while using activated carbon (AC) as a reference material. The main parameters affecting the sorption process were initial concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the maximum removal percent when using AC and BC were 95% and 55%, respectively. Experimental data showed that the removal of phenol has fast kinetics and reached equilibrium within 5 minutes. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption experimental data. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were employed.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Isotherm Models for Adsorption of Ammonium onto Granular Activated Carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9227-9241
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Engineering Practices

High amounts of ammonium (NH4+) discharged in receiving water can lead to eutrophication. The adsorption of NH4+ from synthetic solution onto granular activated carbon (GAC) was scrutinized with respect to initial solute concentration (10 mg L−1), solution volume (0.2 L), adsorbent dosage (4 – 20 g), and contact time. Experimental data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.994) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.936), suggesting that chemisorption and multilayer adsorption occurred. Furthermore, this study explored the feasibility of using the Freundlich isotherm model to estimate the removal efficiency or required amount of adsorbent. The result findings indicated that GAC has a good potential to adsorb NH4+ from water and thus giving new insights into environmental engineering practices.

scholarly journals Comparison of novel Ziziphus lotus adsorbent and industrial carbon on methylene blue removal from aqueous solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2055-2063
Author(s):  
Asmaa Msaad ◽  
Mounir Belbahloul ◽  
Samir El Hajjaji ◽  
Abdeljalil Zouhri
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In this work, the use of a novel low-cost adsorbent derived from Ziziphus lotus (ZL) and industrial carbon (IC) has been successfully applied to the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The efficiency of this material was studied through Lagergren pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The process for the novel activated carbon and the IC were best represented by the pseudo-second-order rate model. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the sorption equilibrium data. The Langmuir model turned out to be the most adequate and maximum capacities were measured to be 833.33 and 142.85 mg.g−1 for ZL activated carbon and IC from Sigma Aldrich, respectively. The thermodynamic study revealed that the sorption process is spontaneous and endothermic for the two adsorbents. To explain the effectiveness of MB removal, ZL activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Sorption Characteristics of Pb(II) and Hg(II) onto Activated Carbon

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muthulakshmi Andal ◽  
V. Sakthi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Biosorption equilibrium and kinetics of Pb(II) and Hg(II) on coconut shell carbon (CSC) were investigated by batch equilibration method. The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature and initial concentration of Pb(II) and Hg(II) on the activated carbon of coconut shell wastes were studied. Maximum adsorption of Pb(II) occurred at pH 4.5 and Hg(II) at pH 6. The sorptive mechanism followed the pseudo second order kinetics. The equilibrium data were analysed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The equilibration data fitted well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The Langmuir adsorption capacity for Pb(II) was greater than Hg(II). The mean free energy of adsorption calculated from Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm model indicated that the adsorption of metal ions was found to be by chemical ion exchange. Thermodynamic parameter showed that the sorption process of Pb(II) onto SDC was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic under studied conditions. A comparison was evaluated for the two metals.

Preparation, characterization, and application of activated carbon from low-cost material for the adsorption of tetracycline antibiotic from aqueous solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2349-2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Takdastan ◽  
Amir Hossein Mahvi ◽  
Eder C. Lima ◽  
Mohammad Shirmardi ◽  
Ali Akbar Babaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
General Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

In this study, a new zinc chloride (ZnCl2) impregnated activated carbon (Zn-AC) was prepared from oak charcoals as low-cost material and used as adsorbent for tetracycline (TC) adsorption. The Zn-AC was characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscope, powder X-ray diffraction, and CHNS-O analyses. Specific surface area of the adsorbent was also measured using the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) isotherm model. The TC adsorption onto the Zn-AC was investigated as a function of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, and inorganic cations (Li+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+) and anions (HCO3−, NO3− and SO42−) that could interfere in the adsorption of TC. The adsorbate solution pH had no considerable effect on TC adsorption. The adsorption of TC onto the adsorbent was relatively fast and reached the equilibrium after about 120 min. The results showed that all studied cations and anions decreased TC adsorption onto the Zn-AC, but this decrease in TC adsorption was strongly significant for Fe3+ and Ni2+ ions. The general order kinetic model and the Redlich–Peterson isotherm model provided the best fit to the experimental data. The maximum amount of TC adsorbed onto the Zn-AC (Qmax) is 282.06 mg g−1, indicating this adsorbent is a good adsorbent for the removal of TC from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals An Efficient Strategy for Enhancing the Adsorption of Antibiotics and Drugs from Aqueous Solutions Using an Effective Limestone-Activated Carbon–Alginate Nanocomposite

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5180
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Ragab ◽  
Hala S. Hussein ◽  
Inas A. Ahmed ◽  
Khamael M. Abualnaja ◽  
Najla AlMasoud
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Adsorption Analysis ◽  
Bet Analysis

Based on the adsorption performance of a porous nanocomposite with limestone (LS), activated carbon (AC) and sodium alginate (SG), a unique, multifunctional LS–AC–SG nanocomposite absorbent was designed and prepared for extracting antibiotics and drugs from aqueous solutions. The composite exhibited the following advantages: quick and simple to prepare, multifunctionality and high efficiency. Amoxicillin (AMX) and diclofenac (DCF) were chosen as the conventional antibiotic and the drug, respectively. The prepared nanocomposite’s physicochemical characteristics were calculated through numerous characterization methods. The structure of the surface was made up of interconnected pores that can easily confine pollutants. The surface area was measured to be 27.85 m2/g through BET analysis. The results show that the maximum absorption capacity of amoxicillin and diclofenac was 99.6% and 98.4%, respectively, at a contact time of 40 min. The maximum removal of amoxicillin and diclofenac was reached at pH = 2. Adsorption analysis revealed that adsorption isotherm and kinetic data matched the pseudo-first-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models. The results imply that the synthesized nanocomposites have the capacity to remove amoxicillin (AMX) and diclofenac (DCF) from aqueous solutions.

An experimental design approach for modeling As(V) adsorption from aqueous solution by activated carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bakkal Gula ◽  
E. Bilgin Simsek ◽  
D. Duranoglu ◽  
U. Beker
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Modeling Of Adsorption

The present paper discusses response surface methodology as an efficient approach for predictive model building and optimization of As(V) adsorption on activated carbon derived from a food industry waste: peach stones. The objectives of the study are application of a three-factor 23 full factorial and central composite design technique for maximizing As(V) removal by produced activated carbon, and examination of the interactive effects of three independent variables (i.e., solution pH, temperature, and initial concentration) on As(V) adsorption capacity. Adsorption equilibrium was investigated by using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. First-order and second-order kinetic equations were used for modeling of adsorption kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG °, ΔH °, and ΔS °) were calculated and used to explain the As(V) adsorption mechanism. The negative value of ΔH (−7.778 kJ mol−1) supported the exothermic nature of the sorption process and the Gibbs free energy values (ΔG°) were found to be negative, which indicates that the As(V) adsorption is feasible and spontaneous.

scholarly journals Adsorption and Photocatalytic Mineralization of Bromophenol Blue Dye with TiO2 Modified with Clinoptilolite/Activated Carbon

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Co Precipitation

This study presents a hybridized photocatalyst with adsorbate as a promising nanocomposite for photoremediation of wastewater. Photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue (BPB) in aqueous solution under UV-irradiation of wavelength 400 nm was carried out with TiO2 doped with activated carbon (A) and clinoptilolite (Z) via the co-precipitation technique. The physiochemical properties of the nanocomposite (A–TiO2 and Z–TiO2) and TiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results of the nanocomposite (A–TiO2 and Z–TiO2) efficiency was compared to that with the TiO2, which demonstrated their adsorption and synergistic effect for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color from the wastewater. At an optimal load of 4 g, the photocatalytic degradation activity (Z–TiO2 > A–TiO2 > TiO2) was found favorably by the second-order kinetic model. Consequently, the Langmuir adsorption isotherms favored the nanocomposites (Z–TiO2 > A–TiO2), whereas that of the TiO2 fitted very well on the Freundlich isotherm approach. Z–TiO2 evidently exhibited a high photocatalytic efficacy of decomposition over 80% of BPB (COD) at reaction rate constant (k) and coefficient of determination (R2) values of 5.63 × 10−4 min−1 and 0.989, respectively.

scholarly journals Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hashim Khader ◽  
Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Ali Dawood Salman ◽  
Tatjána Juzsakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

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