An Efficient Strategy for Enhancing the Adsorption of Antibiotics and Drugs from Aqueous Solutions Using an Effective Limestone-Activated Carbon–Alginate Nanocomposite

Based on the adsorption performance of a porous nanocomposite with limestone (LS), activated carbon (AC) and sodium alginate (SG), a unique, multifunctional LS–AC–SG nanocomposite absorbent was designed and prepared for extracting antibiotics and drugs from aqueous solutions. The composite exhibited the following advantages: quick and simple to prepare, multifunctionality and high efficiency. Amoxicillin (AMX) and diclofenac (DCF) were chosen as the conventional antibiotic and the drug, respectively. The prepared nanocomposite’s physicochemical characteristics were calculated through numerous characterization methods. The structure of the surface was made up of interconnected pores that can easily confine pollutants. The surface area was measured to be 27.85 m2/g through BET analysis. The results show that the maximum absorption capacity of amoxicillin and diclofenac was 99.6% and 98.4%, respectively, at a contact time of 40 min. The maximum removal of amoxicillin and diclofenac was reached at pH = 2. Adsorption analysis revealed that adsorption isotherm and kinetic data matched the pseudo-first-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models. The results imply that the synthesized nanocomposites have the capacity to remove amoxicillin (AMX) and diclofenac (DCF) from aqueous solutions.

Download Full-text

Nitrate sorption on activated carbon modified with CaCl2: Equilibrium, isotherms and kinetics

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq130830001z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (1-1) ◽

pp. 23-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Odivan Zanella ◽

Isabel Tessaro ◽

Liliana Féris

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Nitrate Removal ◽

Sorption Process ◽

Isotherm Model ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Test Statistic ◽

Chi Square

In this study, nitrate (NO3-) removal from aqueous solutions was investigated using granular activated carbon (GAC) modified with CaCl2. Batch sorption studies were performed as a function of sorbent dose, initial nitrate concentration and pH. Sorption was maximized between pH 3 and 9. Studies on the effect of pH showed that the ion exchange mechanism might be involved in the sorption process. The percentage of nitrate removed increased with increasing sorbent concentration, and the ideal sorbent dose was found to be 20 g?L-1. Four isotherm models-Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips-were used to fit the experimental data. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model explained the sorption process well and showed the best coefficient of determination (0.9979) and Chi-square test statistic (0.0079). Using the Sips isotherm model, the sorption capacity (qe) was found to be 1.93 mg nitrate per g of sorbent. Kinetic experiments indicated that sorption was a fast process, reaching equilibrium within 120 min. The nitrate sorption kinetic data were successfully fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The overall results demonstrated potential applications of modified GAC for nitrate removal from aqueous solutions.

Download Full-text

Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy ◽

10.1007/s10098-021-02159-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eman Hashim Khader ◽

Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽

Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽

Ali Dawood Salman ◽

Tatjána Juzsakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Produced Water ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Powdered Activated Carbon ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

Download Full-text

Multi-Component Adsorption of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene from Aqueous Solutions by Montmorillonite Modified with Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/589354 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

H. Nourmoradi ◽

Mehdi Khiadani ◽

M. Nikaeen

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Ammonium Bromide ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Multicomponent Adsorption ◽

Benzene Toluene ◽

Kinetic And Isotherm Models

Multicomponent adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was assessed in aqueous solutions by montmorillonite modified with tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB-Mt). Batch experiments were conducted to determine the influences of parameters including loading rates of surfactant, contact time, pH, adsorbate concentration, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to determine the adsorbent properties. Results showed that the modification of the adsorbent via the surfactant causes structural changes of the adsorbent. It was found that the optimum adsorption condition achieves with the surfactant loading rate of 200% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the adsorbent for a period of 24 h. The sorption of BTEX by TTAB-Mt was in the order ofB<T<E<X. The experimental data were fitted by many kinetic and isotherm models. The results also showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could, respectively, be fitted to the experimental data better than other available kinetic and isotherm models. The thermodynamic study indicated that the sorption of BTEX with TTAB-Mt was achieved spontaneously and the adsorption process was endothermic as well as physical in nature. The regeneration results of the adsorbent also showed that the adsorption capacity of adsorbent after one use was 51% to 70% of original TTAB-Mt.

Download Full-text

Nanoparticle Fe3O4 magnetized activated carbon from Armeniaca sibirica shell for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.3.6100-6120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 6100-6120

Author(s):

Yinan Hao ◽

Yanfei Pan ◽

Qingwei Du ◽

Xudong Li ◽

Ximing Wang

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Ph Value ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorption Parameters ◽

Initial Concentration

Armeniaca sibirica shell activated carbon (ASSAC) magnetized by nanoparticle Fe3O4 prepared from Armeniaca sibirica shell was investigated to determine its adsorption for Hg2+ from wastewater. Fe3O4/ASSAC was characterized using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the initial concentration of Hg2+, reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value in adsorption studies. The experiment results demonstrated that the specific surface area of ASSAC decreased after magnetization; however the adsorption capacity and removal rate of Hg2+ increased 0.656 mg/g and 0.630%, respectively. When the initial concentration of Hg2+ solution was 250 mg/L and the pH value was 2, the adsorption time was 180 min and the temperature was 30 °C, and with the Fe3O4/ASSAC at 0.05 g, the adsorption reaching 97.1 mg/g, and the removal efficiency was 99.6%. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4/ASSAC to Hg2+ was in accord with Freundlich isotherm models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was used to fit the adsorption best. The Gibbs free energy ΔGo < 0，enthalpy change ΔHo < 0, and entropy change ΔSo < 0 which manifested the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.

Download Full-text

Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Amine-Doped Polyacrylonitrile Fibers

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10051738 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1738

Author(s):

Kay Thwe Aung ◽

Seung-Hee Hong ◽

Seong-Jik Park ◽

Chang-Gu Lee

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Equilibrium Studies ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Surface Modified ◽

Pan Fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were prepared via electrospinning and were modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) to fabricate surface-modified PAN fibers. The surface-modified PAN fibers were used to evaluate their adsorption capacity for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to examine the effects of the modification process, initial concentration, initial pH, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption of Cu(II). Kinetic analysis revealed that the experimental data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better than the pseudo-first-order model. Adsorption equilibrium studies were conducted using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, and the findings indicated that the PAN fibers modified with 85% DETA presented the highest adsorption capacity for Cu(II) of all analyzed samples. Moreover, the results revealed that the Freundlich model was more appropriate than the Langmuir one for describing the adsorption of Cu(II) onto the modified fibers at various initial Cu(II) concentrations. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 87.77 mg/g at pH 4, and the percent removal of Cu(II) increased as the amount of adsorbent increased. Furthermore, the surface-modified PAN fibers could be easily regenerated using NaOH solution. Therefore, surface-modified PAN fibers could be used as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.

Download Full-text

Isotherm and Kinetic Modeling of Strontium Adsorption on Graphene Oxide

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11112780 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2780

Author(s):

Abdulrahman Abu-Nada ◽

Ahmed Abdala ◽

Gordon McKay

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Active Sites ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxygen Functional Groups ◽

Bet Analysis

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using Hummers method. The synthesized GO was characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption. The analyses confirmed the presence of oxygen functional groups (C=O and C-O-C) on the GO surface. These oxygen functional groups act as active sites in the adsorption Sr (II). The BET analysis revealed the surface area of GO of 232 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.40 cm3/g. The synthesized GO was used as an adsorbent for removing Sr (II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption equilibrium and kinetic results were consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. A maximum strontium adsorption capacity of 131.4 mg/g was achieved. The results show that the GO has an excellent adsorption capability for removing Sr (II) from aqueous solutions and potential use in wastewater treatment applications.

Download Full-text

Comparative study between activated carbon and biochar for phenol removal from aqueous solution

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.4.6781-6790 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 6781-6790

Author(s):

Moammar Elbidi ◽

Agab Hewas ◽

Rajab Asar ◽

Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Sorption Process ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Phenol Removal ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Fast Kinetics ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Maximum Removal

Removal of phenol from wastewater using local biochar (BC) was investigated, while using activated carbon (AC) as a reference material. The main parameters affecting the sorption process were initial concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the maximum removal percent when using AC and BC were 95% and 55%, respectively. Experimental data showed that the removal of phenol has fast kinetics and reached equilibrium within 5 minutes. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption experimental data. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were employed.

Download Full-text

Reactive Blue 203 dye Removal Using Biosorbent: A Study of Isotherms, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics

Avicenna Journal of Environmental Health Engineering ◽

10.15171/ajehe.2018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 91-99

Author(s):

Marzieh Bagheri ◽

Mohammad Nasiri ◽

Bahareh Bahrami

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Pine Cone ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Maximum Removal

Nowadays, due to increasing usage of dye in various industries and its destructive effects on health and environment, it is necessary to remove dyes from industrial wastes. Although few studies can be found on using pine cone for removal of different dyes, it has not been used yet to remove Reactive Blue 203 (RB203) dye. The purpose of this study is to investigate RB203 dye adsorption using activated carbon produced from pine cone. Optimal values of influencing factors for RB203 dye removal were obtained. The results showed that the maximum removal was occurred at a pH of 2, temperature of 30˚C, dye concentration of 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 100 mg/L, and contact time of 15 min. The maximum removal percentage was 98.48%. In order to study the synthesized activated carbon, some characterization methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) have been used. Investigation of adsorption isotherm models revealed that adsorption of RB203dye can be described through D-R and Temkin isotherm models. Additionally, RB203 dye removal follows the pseudo-firstorder kinetic equation.

Download Full-text

Interpretation of Isotherm Models for Adsorption of Ammonium onto Granular Activated Carbon

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac112.92279241 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 9227-9241

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Solute Concentration ◽

Isotherm Model ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Synthetic Solution ◽

Engineering Practices

High amounts of ammonium (NH4+) discharged in receiving water can lead to eutrophication. The adsorption of NH4+ from synthetic solution onto granular activated carbon (GAC) was scrutinized with respect to initial solute concentration (10 mg L−1), solution volume (0.2 L), adsorbent dosage (4 – 20 g), and contact time. Experimental data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.994) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.936), suggesting that chemisorption and multilayer adsorption occurred. Furthermore, this study explored the feasibility of using the Freundlich isotherm model to estimate the removal efficiency or required amount of adsorbent. The result findings indicated that GAC has a good potential to adsorb NH4+ from water and thus giving new insights into environmental engineering practices.

Download Full-text

Removal of Basic Orange 2 dye and Ni2+ from aqueous solutions using alkaline-modified nanoclay

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2021.121 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Armin Geroeeyan ◽

Ali Niazi ◽

Elaheh Konoz

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Kinetic Equations ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Diffusion Kinetic ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In the present research, the removal of Basic Orange 2 (BO2) dye using alkaline-modified clay nanoparticles was studied. To characterize the adsorbent, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, BET and BJH analyses were performed. The effect of the variables influencing the dye adsorption process such as adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, stirring rate, temperature, and initial dye concentration was investigated. Furthermore, the high efficiency of Ni2+ removal indicated that it is possible to remove both dye and metal cation under the same optimum conditions. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Fitting the experimental data to Langmuir isotherm indicated that the monolayer adsorption of dye occurred at homogeneous sites. Experimental data were also analyzed with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic equations for kinetic modeling of the dye removal process. The adsorption results indicated that the process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters of the dye adsorption process such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy changes were calculated and revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results presented the high potential of the modified nanoclay as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of BO2 dye and Ni2+ from aqueous medium.

Download Full-text