scholarly journals Evaluating the pattern of residential quality in Nigeria: The case of Osogbo township

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jiboye
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Residential Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Housing Units

One of the major challenges of housing in Nigeria is how to address existing variations in the pattern of residential quality across different urban areas. Through a survey of 406 housing units selected from three residential areas in Osogbo Township in Nigeria, this study examines and compares the pattern of housing quality. Using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), where; F =24.786 and P = 0.00 - significant at 0.05, the study shows that residential quality varies in pattern from one area to another. By comparing the mean differences among the zones, Zones C and A had 6.84, while C and B had 5.298. These values indicate that residential quality of "Zone C" is better relative to those of Zones "B' and "A" in Osogbo. The study concludes that appropriate policy and strategies should be put in place to improve housing quality within different residential areas in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Strengths among Contemporary Teenagers: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Rani ◽  
Punam Midha ◽  
Ankita Budhiraja
Keyword(s):  
Harmonious Society ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Signature Strengths ◽  
Fast Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Purposive Sample

Male and female are two indispensible wheels of a chariot, thus both complement each other and this is a fact that without any one of them, it is just impossible to imagine the smooth continuation of the journey of life. India is a country where women were worshiped as Goddess. Though the society in which we live has been shaped historically by males. But recently the existing scenario appears to be changing with the realization of strengths among females. A harmonious society appears to be emerging with the fast speed of decline in gender-specificity. In order to empirically confirm these notions, the present researchers decided to explore and compare the profile of strengths of male-female adolescents. A test of Hindi adaptation of Value In Action (VIA) Inventory of Strengths for Youth by Shree and Singh (2013) was used. A purposive sample of 150 adolescents in which 75 were males and 75 were females with the age range of 13-17 years was drawn from Rohtak city, Haryana. The descriptive statistics was used to find out the mean differences in strengths of male and female adolescents. They differed to some extent in their profile of signature strengths. Further the profile of top five strengths also called “signature strengths”, the male and female differed in two out of five signature strengths. The similar signature strengths found in both male and female adolescents were such as judgment/critical thinking, appreciation of beauty and love, however they differed on two strengths such as zest and perspective were found in male while kindness and modesty were found in female. The inference drawn from the current study is that females are more humane than the male counterpart whereas males are found to be more courageous than females. The need to foster or enhance certain strengths in specific gender are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals SOIL MANAGEMENT IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: TODAY AND FUTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Bogdan Stanescu ◽  
Adriana Cuciureanu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residential Areas

The present article presents the expertise realized by the Department of Environmental Monitoring Pollution Evaluation within the INCD ECOIND, in the evaluation of the quality of urban soils in the municipality of Bucharest and the main big cities in Romania. The current data available at the level of the 27 member states of the European Union show that annually over 100,000 hectares of land are introduced into the urban environment, a direct consequence of the development of cities. There are a number of legislative obstacles to strategic soil protection measures. Moreover, at the level of the local authorities there is a conflict regarding the measures of soil protection in the long term, on the one hand, and, the accelerated economic development in the short term, on the other. European environmental experts consider that the urban development, absolutely necessary for the economic growth, requires an adequate management of the natural resources in order for the development to be done on a sustainable basis, respectively to follow a series of strategic objectives. In our country, at least in the last decade, we find on a large scale the conversion of industrial areas into commercial or residential areas. The footprint of industrial activities can be found even after long periods of time present by identifying the remnant of soil pollution or in those areas known as historically polluted (for example the town of Copsa Mica). The conclusions stemming from the assessment of pollution in urban areas over large areas, in correlation with the potential sources of pollution, underline the need to monitor the quality of soils in the urban environment, but also to apply a performance management in order to protect this natural resource in the long term.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND GROWTH POTENTIAL OF MICROENTERPRISES IN NORTHWEST, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950011
Author(s):  
ABUBAKAR S. GARBA ◽  
IBRAHIM KABIR ◽  
MAHMOUD A. MAHMOUD
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

The purpose of this study is to explore the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and growth potential of microenterprises. To test the research hypotheses, multiple regression and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used. Multiple regression was used in explaining how well EO predicts microenterprises growth potential. MANOVA compares the groups and indicates whether the mean differences between the groups on the combination of dependent variables are likely to have occurred by chance. Our study contributes to the literature by exploring the growth potential of the existing microenterprises and explains its relationship to owners’ EO in both urban and rural informal sectors.

scholarly journals Assessment of the quality of OSIRIS mesospheric temperatures using satellite and ground-based measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2993-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Sheese ◽  
K. Strong ◽  
E. J. Llewellyn ◽  
R. L. Gattinger ◽  
J. M. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Cold Bias ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Upper Boundary

Abstract. The Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) on the Odin satellite is currently in its 12th year of observing the Earth's limb. For the first time, continuous temperature profiles extending from the stratopause to the upper mesosphere have been derived from OSIRIS measurements of Rayleigh-scattered sunlight. Through most of the mesosphere, OSIRIS temperatures are in good agreement with coincident temperature profiles derived from other satellite and ground-based measurements. In the altitude region of 55–80 km, OSIRIS temperatures are typically within 4–5 K of those from the SABER, ACE-FTS, and SOFIE instruments on the TIMED, SciSat-I, and AIM satellites, respectively. The mean differences between individual OSIRIS profiles and those of the other satellite instruments are typically within the combined uncertainties and previously reported biases. OSIRIS temperatures are typically within 2 K of those from the University of Western Ontario's Purple Crow Lidar in the altitude region of 52–79 km, where the mean differences are within combined uncertainties. Near 84 km, OSIRIS temperatures exhibit a cold bias of 10–15 K, which is due to a cold bias in OSIRIS O2 A-band temperatures at 85 km, the upper boundary of the Rayleigh-scatter derived temperatures; and near 48 km OSIRIS temperatures exhibit a cold bias of 5–15 K, which is likely due to multiple-scatter effects that are not taken into account in the retrieval.

scholarly journals Land-use change and quality of life in residential neighbourhoods: Evidence from Tehran, Iran

GeoScape ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Author(s):  
Navid Forouhar ◽  
Amir Forouhar ◽  
Mahnoosh Hasankhani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Commercial Development

Abstract Land-use planning generally aims to manage the development of urban areas to address the needs of the communities. In this regard, the multiple and often competing environmental, economic and social conflicts complicate the process of land-use planning. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods is a common type of land-use conflict that can dramatically exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent decades, many affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis (the capital of Iran) have been confronted with an unbridled development of commercial activities within the residential areas. This paper seeks to understand the process of land-use change and its impacts on the residents’ quality of life in an affluent neighbourhood of Tehran Metropolis (Gisha Neighbourhood) by adopting a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of impact assessment including semi-structured interview, purposeful field survey, and traffic survey. The results yield that incompatible land-use policies of the Tehran Comprehensive Plan and structural defects in the land-use change regulations led to an unbridled process of commercialisation which intensified non-local activities with city/regional service coverage along the main streets of Gisha Neighbourhood. The analysis demonstrates that despite improving the accessibility of residents to urban facilities and reducing their travel time/cost, the process of land-use changes in Gisha Neighbourhood declined the residents’ quality of life by its considerable negative effects on socio-cultural structures, landuse patterns, traffic flow, and human health in the residential areas of the neighbourhood.

scholarly journals Psychological Stresses and Abuse of Kindergarten Children among Working and Non- Working Mothers

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aisheh. H. Tawalbeh ◽  
Hasan Al- Zawaydeh
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences

The study goal was to investigate the stress among working and non-working mothers and the abuse of their kindergarten age children. Two instruments were developed to measure the stress with two versions for working and non-working mothers, and a child abuse tool. Face validity and retest reliability were conducted. The stress tool contained 25 Items. The tools were administered to a sample of 400, working (200) and nonworking (200) mothers in Amman. A t-test for independent samples was used to test the difference between means of stress and child abuse for working and non-working mothers. Also, two-way analysis of variance was conducted to find the mean differences of the three abuse dimensions: physical, psychological and neglects for working and non-working mothers. Results showed statistical difference (p < 0.05) between means of stress in favor of working mothers, but the difference between means of abuse was in favor of nonworking mothers. The results also showed statistical significant differences (p < 0.05) in the three domains of physical, psychological and neglect abuse, in favor of the non-working mothers. Implications and recommendations for future studies were suggested. 

Parenting as a Protective Factor against Criminogenic Settings? Interaction Effects between Three Aspects of Parenting and Unstructured Socializing in Disordered Areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen J. Janssen ◽  
Frank M. Weerman ◽  
Veroni I. Eichelsheim
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Adolescent Relationship ◽  
Unstructured Socializing

Objectives: We examined the extent to which different aspects of parenting are able to moderate the association between spending time unstructured socializing (US) in urban areas with high disorder and adolescent delinquency. Methods: We used detailed data on time use, disorder in neighborhoods, parenting, and delinquency among 603 adolescents (aged 11–17 at T1) from the study of peers, activities, and neighborhoods, a two-wave longitudinal study with an interval of two years between measurements. Longitudinal multilevel analyses were used to examine interactions effects between parenting aspects and mean differences as well as individual changes in time spent unstructured socializing in areas with high disorder. Results: We did not find between-person level interaction effects between parenting and time spent in criminogenic settings. Our cross-level analyses, however, indicated that levels of parental monitoring as well as the quality of the parent–adolescent relationship mitigated the effects of changes in time spent in criminogenic settings. Conclusions: Whether increases in time spent in criminogenic settings are related to increases in delinquency seems to be conditional on the level of parental monitoring and the quality of the parent–adolescent relationship. If these aspects of parenting are sufficient, changes in time spent in criminogenic settings are not necessarily detrimental.

Effectiveness of the Parnes particle repositioning manoeuvre for posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (12) ◽  
pp. 1188-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
B L Kinne ◽  
J S Leafman
Keyword(s):  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Vestibular Disorder ◽  
Posterior Canal ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

AbstractBackground:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common vestibular disorder that negatively affects an individual's health-related quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Parnes particle repositioning manoeuvre as an intervention for individuals with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Methods:The de-identified records of 155 individuals treated with the Parnes manoeuvre were examined. Descriptive statistics were calculated, including the frequency and valid per cent of participants whose nystagmus was resolved with the Parnes manoeuvre.Results:In all, nystagmus was resolved with the Parnes manoeuvre in 145 participants (93.5 per cent). The mean number of manoeuvres needed to resolve the nystagmus was 1.3.Conclusion:The Parnes manoeuvre proved to be as effective as the Epley canalith repositioning manoeuvre, currently the most common intervention, in treating individuals with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

scholarly journals Оn the issue of revitalization of public centers in rural settlements of Ukrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Silnik O. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Wide Range

The rural settlement occupies a very important place in the modern socio-cultural structure of our state. Ukraine has a huge agricultural potential, and rural development has a significant impact on the economic situation. An important task of society is to increase the quality of life of its inhabitants. The comfort of rural settlements is influenced by the quality of housing, the level of cultural and industrial infrastructure. Domestic and foreign experience confirms the importance of the development of rural entrepreneurship, services, cultural education. The issue of solving the construction and planning of a modern village can be solved taking into account detailed analysis of the existing state of the territory. All components of settlements, from the condition of streets and existing utilities to existing buildings, are integral parts. If we cover the issues of the street network, the quality does not meet the modern requirements for the operation of modern equipment. The disadvantages are both in the quality of the street pavement and in the peculiarities of the layout, this applies to unregulated street profiles, unsuccessful junctions of nodal elements. Construction and development of public buildings in modern villages of Ukraine also do not meet the needs of modern residents of settlements. A number of reforms already underway by the state prove that rural settlements need to be renewed not only in the field of the technological equipment but also in the structure of construction in general. One of the methods of solving this problem is the arrangement of cultural and domestic, administrative, educational institutions in rural areas, landscaping for active and quiet recreation. At the present stage, there are also problems with solving the development of settlements, which are under the influence of large urban areas. These settlements combine agricultural and industrial areas, perform a wide range of functions that are not always successfully combined, and have a positive impact on the living standards of the peasants themselves. Given the current stages of transformation of settlements in modern conditions, there is a need to create virtual models of development of areas with projected areas of development of both residential areas and areas with industrial and economic purposes. Work on the renovation of existing rural settlements should take into account a wide range of factors: the existing natural and climatic environment, traditions of the local population, existing infrastructure, both cultural and economic, location in the structure of administrative planning, and interaction of adjacent territories, etc

scholarly journals Use of automatic radiosonde launchers to measure temperature and humidity profiles from the GRUAN perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Madonna ◽  
Rigel Kivi ◽  
Jean-Charles Dupont ◽  
Bruce Ingleby ◽  
Masatomo Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Humidity Profiles

Abstract. In the last two decades, technological progress has not only seen improvements to the quality of atmospheric upper-air observations, but also provided the opportunity to design and implement automated systems able to replace measurement procedures typically performed manually. Radiosoundings, which remain one of the primary data sources for weather and climate applications, are still largely performed around the world manually, although increasingly fully automated upper-air observations are used, from urban areas to the remotest locations, which minimise operating costs and challenges in performing radiosounding launches. This analysis presents a first step to demonstrating the reliability of the Automatic Radiosonde Launchers (ARLs) provided by Vaisala, Meteomodem and Meisei. The metadata and datasets collected by a few existing ARLs operated by GRUAN certified or candidate sites (Sondakyla, Payerne, Trappes, Potenza) have been investigated and a comparative analysis of the technical performance (i.e. manual vs ARL) is reported. The performance of ARLs is evaluated as being similar or superior to those achieved with the traditional manual launches in terms of percentage of successful launches, balloon burst and ascent speed. For both temperature and relative humidity, the ground check comparisons showed a negative bias of a few tenths of a degree and % RH, respectively. Two datasets of parallel soundings between manual and ARL-based measurements, using identical sonde models, provided by Sodankylä and Faa’a stations showed mean differences between the ARL and manual launches smaller than ±0.2 K up to 10 hPa for the temperature profiles. For relative humidity, differences were smaller than 1 % RH for the Sodankylä dataset up to 300 hPa, while they were smaller than 0.7 % RH for Faa’a station. Finally, the O-B mean and rms statistics for German RS92 and RS41 stations which operate a mix of manual and ARL launch protocols, calculated using the ECMWF forecast model, are very similar, although RS41 shows larger rms(O-B) differences for ARL stations, in particular for temperature and wind. A discussion on the potential next steps proposed by GRUAN community and other parties is provided, with the aim to lay the basis for the elaboration of a strategy to fully demonstrate the value of ARLs and guarantee that the provided products are traceable and suitable for the creation of GRUAN data products.

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