scholarly journals Variability of pomological characteristics of the Sumatovka apple

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Miletic ◽  
Mihajlo Zikic ◽  
Nevena Mitic ◽  
Radomirka Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Fruit Mass

Variability refers to a process by which differences occur among individuals of the same plant species. However, some characteristics change very little while others, especially quantative ones, change rather quickly and readily even when environmental conditions change slightly. This fact has prompted an investigation aimed to establish the variability of pomological characteristics of the Sumatovka cv. apple tree, a rather old and autochthonous cultivar grown widely throughout Eastern Serbia. Its special characteristic is an ability to grow and bear fruit without any particular care and cultivation, and in conditions of especially severe water deficiency and drought. Sumatovka cv. fruits are small- or medium-sized on the average, the length Measuring 51.3 ? 6.62 mm (CV 12.9%), width 55.5 ? 6.35 mm (CV 11.4%), pedicel lenght 19.5 ? 3.2 mm (CV 16.4%) and fruit mass 66.0 ?20.6 g (CV 31.3%). Total soluble dry matter content of the mesocarp varies between 15.6 and 1.92% (CV 12.31%), total sugars 14.3 ? 4.7% (CV 32.8%) and total sour substances 0.95 ? 0.11% (CV 18.6%). Especially examined were the large-sized Sumatovka fruits measuring 72.0 mm in lenght and width, and 169.4 g in mass.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds in the aboveground part of hemiephemeroid onions (Allium L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
T. I. Fomina ◽  
T. A. Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Total Sugars

Background. Representatives of the genus Allium L. are valuable food and medicinal plants that have long been used for nutrition and human health. Modern research has proved their high biological activity. Earlier, we investigated the aboveground organs of a number of wild onion species in the consumer ripeness phase. Higher content of secondary metabolites has been observed in the hemiephemeroid species A. aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. microdictyon Prokh., and A. rosenbachianum Regel. The aim of this work was to determine the content of bioactive compounds in the green biomass of Allium species during flowering.Materials and methods. We studied the freshly harvested raw materials – leaves and flower scapes. Dry matter content was measured by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105°C to constant weight. The amounts of phenolic compounds, pectic substances, total sugars and carotenoids were assessed spectrophotometrically using the SF-56 (Russia) and SF Agilent 8453 (USA) instruments, and ascorbic acid was measured by the titrimetric method. The result was taken as an average of three measurements for each indicator calculated on absolute dry weight of raw material (except ascorbic acid).Results and conclusions. The green biomass of Allium species was found to contain 8,2–16,2% of dry matter; 4,5–12,0% of phenolics (catechins, flavonols and tannins); 6,9–32,4% of total sugars; 9,5–12,6% of pectic compounds (pectins and protopectins); 20,8–102,5 mg% of carotenoids, and 38,0–197,7 mg% of ascorbic acid (wet weight). A significant range of variation in the content of secondary metabolites was due to the species’ characteristics and weather conditions of the growing season. A. microdictyon had a higher content of dry matter, flavonols and tannins, whereas A. aflatunense and A. rosenbachianum were rich in ascorbic acid and sugars. The findings testify to the prospects of using Allium spp. as a source of bioactive compounds. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Processing on Chemical Constituents of Agaricus spp. Mushrooms

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor RÓZSA ◽  
Tincuța-Marta GOCAN ◽  
Vasile LAZĂR ◽  
Ileana ANDREICA ◽  
Melinda RÓZSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Agaricus Campestris

Agaricus spp. mushrooms are edible fungi of commercial and medicinal importance. Mushrooms convert nutritionally valueless substances into proteinous food with a very efficient bioconversion. Consumption of mushrooms, has increased substantially due to their delicacy, flavour, nutritional and medicinal value, being considered an excellent source of protein, which can contribute to the formulation of a balanced diet. Three species of Agaricus spp. mushrooms were used in this study: Agaricus campestris (L. ex Fr.), Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) and Agaricus blazei (Murrill). This study aims to examine the effects of blanching, soaking and manufacturing processes (sun drying, oven drying and canning) on some chemical constituents of mushrooms (soluble dry matter, protein and total sugars). The analyses were performed initially at conservation and they were repeated after 6, 12 and 18 months of preservation. Since all treatments caused reduction of the dry matter content, it can be concluded that the smallest decrease during the storage period was recorded by soaked and sun dried A. blazei (1.6 g 100 g-1 FM). The maximum soluble dry matter loss was recorded at blanched and canned A. bisporus (2.8 g 100 g-1 FM). Blanching treatment of preheated (sun dried and oven dried) samples, after storage period, led the protein content to slightly decrease, between 0.4 g 100 g-1 DM and 0.8 g 100 g-1 DM. The smallest decrease of total sugars during the storage period was registered by canned, untreated A. campestris with 1.2 g 100 g-1 DM and the largest decrease was registered by blanched oven dried A. blazei with 2.9 g 100 g-1 DM.

scholarly journals The sanitary quality of Tifton 85 bermuda grass and Wrangler grass hay stored under different environmental conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilda Schmoeller ◽  
Marcela Abbado Neres ◽  
Sandra Mara Ströher ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Olivieria ◽  
Caroline Daiane Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Production Area

This study evaluated the variations in temperature and dry matter content in Tifton 85 bermudagrass and Wrangler grass hay stored under different environmental conditions. The fungal and mycotoxin populations in the hay production area were also evaluated. Fifty samples (30 hay bales, ten samples of organic matter [OM], and ten samples of grass [G] before baling) were used in a completely randomized design and factorial scheme with ten treatments (a combination of two classes of G: Tifton 85 bermudagrass and Wrangler grass) and three storage systems: a covered shed without side walls, covered with a clear tarp; an open environment covered with a double-sided tarp; and a ventilated closed shed. Four additional treatments, five replications, and one sample per experimental unit completed the study design. The environment influenced the temperature of the Tifton 85 bermudagrass and Wrangler grass bales, and the dry matter content of the bales during the evaluated period was above the recommended limit (800 g kg-1). The genus Penicillium occurred with the highest frequency in the Wrangler grass stored under a double-sided tarp (6.13 log CFU g-1). In the additional treatment, the OM deposited in the soil of the Wrangler grass production area exhibited a greater occurrence of the fungus Fusarium (4.66 log CFU g-1) and of the mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA; 594.2 μg kg-1). The hay stored in the shed with a clear tarp exhibited more aflatoxin (AFLA) and deoxynivalenol (DON). The concentration of mycotoxins varied across the storage environments and between the stored species; however, the shed storage system used in hay production might also be a source of hay contamination via the incorporation of decomposing OM with mycotoxins in the hay.  

scholarly journals The influence of foliar fertilizers on the quality and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Gajc-Wolska ◽  
Katarzyna Mazur ◽  
Monika Niedzińska ◽  
Katarzyna Kowalczyk ◽  
Paweł Żołnierczyk
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Fruit Formation

AbstractOptimal feeding of field-grown plants is thought to be a key factor modifying their growth and development. Natural biostimulants, foliar fertilizers and plant growth regulators have been applied in horticultural production; however, their effect varies depending on the plant species treated, and those have been mainly cucumber, tomato, pepper, potato, and melon. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of preparations produced through nanotechnology on the yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper grown under cover. The experiment comprised plants grown in three different combinations: combination I (plants treated with 2 kg ha−1Nano Active); combination II (plants treated with 1% Nano Active Forte + 4 kg ha−1Nano Active Forte + 2 kg ha−1Nano Active, a single treatment carried out at the initial stage of fruit formation); and combination III (the control, where all plants were sprayed with water).The obtained results showed that Nano Active Forte foliar treatment of sweet pepper plants significantly increased fruit yield in protected cultivation. Supplementation with foliar fertilizers modified the fruit chemical composition. Application of the Nano Active Forte preparation led to an increase in dry matter content as well as in the concentrations of total sugars, vitamin C and carotenoids. Applications of Nano Active Forte and Nano Active enhanced the potassium and phosphorus contents, while the concentrations of nitrates and calcium remained at the same level regardless of the preparations used.

scholarly journals Tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) Genotypes variability of fruit traits

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Glogovac ◽  
Adam Takac ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanovic-Varga
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Fruit Mass

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is vegetable which could be produced and consumed in a many different ways, due to its variability, made by breeding programs. Variability of analyzed genotypes was determinated for further fruit traits: average mass, fruit shape, locules number and dry matter content. Variability source structure was determinated using principal components analysis (PCA). Three main components, which explain 94,2 % of total variability, were chosen for further analysis. The biggest part of the first main component has fruit shape and locule number. The second component is determinated by dry matter content, and the third by the fruit mass. For more precisely perception of homology and divergence between analyzed genotypes, nonhierarchical grouping analysis (k-means) was performed, and genotypes were divided into three groups. Divergency was determinated for fruit mass and locule number, while for index shape and dry matter contetent analyzed genotypes are homologous. The aim of this study is to examine tomato genotypes variability for fruit traits.

scholarly journals The study of the sources of valuable economic and biological traits in the collection nursery of sainfoin

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022124
Author(s):  
A Regidin ◽  
S Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Abstract Sainfoin – fodder crop capable of growing in unfavorable conditions and on soils with reduced fertility. But sainfoin is not widespread and does not occupy large cultivated areas. One of the reasons for this is the small number of sainfoin varieties adapted to various environmental conditions. The purpose of the research is to identify the sources of valuable economic and biological traits in the collection nursery of sainfoin for use as a source material. The sainfoin collection nursery was established in 2017 according to the methodology of N.I. Vavilov. The area of the plots is 1 m2, the replication is two times. Standard – sainfoin variety Zernogradskiy 2. According to the results, samples with useful traits were identified: samples Sin 149, Sin 151 and Sin 8.15 with early growth (28.03) had the shortest growing season (52 days); by plant height, specimens Sin 38 (122 cm) and Sin 208.15 (122 cm) were distinguished; the highest yield of green mass was noted for samples Sin 26, Sin 126, Sin 141, Sin 102.15, Sin 103.15, Sin 1.15, Sin 2.15 with indicators of 7.67-9.72 kg/m2; a dry matter content of over 28% was noted in samples Sin 37, Sin 46, Sin 42, Sin 105.15, Sin 205.15; samples Sin 31, Sin 42, Sin 54, Sin 122, Sin 135, Sin 144, Sin 145, Sin 160, Sin 100.15, Sin 1.15, Sin 3.15, Sin 4.15, Sin 6.15, Sin 8.15, Sin 100/1142 were distinguished by a high content crude protein (20.00-21.44%).

scholarly journals Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of New Onion Varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Josip Ćota ◽  
Azra Hadžić ◽  
Jelena Ćota ◽  
Milana Šilj
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Block System ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The aim of this paper is to present the characteristics of new vari­eties of the onion (Zenički and Konjički), created in the Federal Institute for Agriculture Sarajevo and their suitability for cultivation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The tests were carried out in two years (2012 and 2013) at the site Butmir (Sarajevo). The experiments were conducted in a ran­domized block system in five repetitions. The examination included the following productive traits of the onion: yield and length of the growing season. Within the qualitative characteristics, the contents of dry matters, sugars and proteins were determined in the bulb. The variety Stuttgarter was used as a standard. The new varieties are distinguished by the length of the growing period of 114-115 days. The variety Zenički has achieved a higher yield of bulbs for 17%, while Konjički for 31%, comparing to Stuttgarter. The yields of bulbs in 2013 were higher by 15% comparing to 2012. These varieties are characterized by high quality, because the dry matter content is from 13.8 to 15.88%, total sugars from 8.20 to 10.98%, and proteins from 1.50 to 1.70%, with slightly spicy taste and well wra­pped bulb.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

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