A study of the antioxidants in Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC.

The objective of this study was to estimate the antioxidative potential of Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC. during the active vegetative period. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase), the quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reduced glutathione and the content of total flavonoids, chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids and soluble proteins were determined. The results showed that extracts from all plant organs exhibited antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant ability was observed in the leaves where all the investigated antioxidant enzymes were active in a specific way: During the spring season, peroxidase showed the maximum activity 18.54 U mg-1 prot., catalase peaked in summer 9.04 U mg-1 prot, whereas, during the autumn season, superoxide dismutase showed maximum activity, 54.28 U mg-1 prot. Reduced glutathione, pigments and carotenoids present in the leaves contribute to the high antioxidant activity. Furthermore, inhibition of chemiluminiscence activity of Balb/c mice blood phagocytes by crude leaf extracts were 30.2 % and 36.5 %.

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Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant activity in two soursop selections (Annona muricata L.) from Nayarit,Mexico stored at 15 °C

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452019083 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rosendo Balois-Morales ◽

José Orlando Jiménez-Zurita ◽

Irán Alia-Tejacal ◽

Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán ◽

Yolotzin Apatzingán Palomino-Hermosillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Ripening Process

Abstract The changes in concentration of vitamin C, enzymatic and antioxidant activity during the ripening of two soursop selections (G1 and G2) at room temperature (22 ºC) and refrigeration (15 ºC) with an HR 85% were evaluated. The content of soluble protein, the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), the concentration of vitamin C, as well as the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The initial soluble protein concentration of the G1 and G2 selections diminished at 22 and 15 °C during ripening. Fruits stored at 22 °C showed the highest CAT activity. The maximum activity of SOD was recorded on the sixth and fourth day in fruits stored at 22 and 15 ºC, respectively. Fruits stored at 22 °C recorded the highest amount of vitamin C. Fruits stored at 22 and 15 ºC showed the highest antioxidant activity on the fourth day. The fruits stored at 15 ºC was able to increase the shelf life up to 8 days without affecting the ripening process. Therefore, the enzymatic and antioxidant activity has an important role in the possible alteration that the fruit might suffer during its fruit ripening.

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Spirulina maxima and its effect on antioxidant activity in fructose induced oxidative stress with histopathological observations

Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae ◽

10.1515/afpuc-2015-0027 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Urmila Jarouliya ◽

Anish Zacharia ◽

Raj K. Keservani ◽

Godavarthi B.K.S Prasad

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Spirulina Maxima

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to explore the antioxidant effect of Spirulina maxima in rat model along with the histopathological observations. Diabetes was induced by feeding 10% fructose solution orally to Wistar rats (n = 6) for 30 days, analysed for plasma blood glucose and the markers of the oxidative stress [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)]. These biochemical studies were associated with histopathological examination of liver and kidney sections. The microalga Spirulina maxima being rich in proteins and other essential nutrients is widely used as a food supplement. S. maxima at a dose of 5 and 10% per kg and the metformin (500 mg/kg) as reference drug were given orally for 30 days to the diabetic rats. Diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.001) elevations in plasma blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and significant reduction in catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione activity. Oral administration of 5 and 10% aqueous extract of S. maxima for 30 days restored not only of blood glucose levels but also markers of oxidative stress. Histopathological observations of tissues manifested that the S. maxima administration had the protective and therapeutic effects against fructose-induced abnormalities in diabetic rats. It is concluded that S. maxima is effective in reinstating the antioxidant activity in addition to its antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats.

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Assessment of in-vitro Antioxidant/Enzymes Inhibitory Potentials of Aframomum melegueta [Roscoe] K. Schum (Grains of Paradise) Leaf, Stem Bark, Seed Bark and Seed Extracts

Archives of Current Research International ◽

10.9734/acri/2020/v20i230176 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 40-57

Author(s):

Oludare Temitope Osuntokun ◽

V. O. Olumekun ◽

A. O. Ajayi ◽

I. O. Omotuyi ◽

A. Olonisakin

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Free Radical ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Research Work ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Oh Radical ◽

Seed Extracts

The purpose of this research work is to evaluates the in-vitro antioxidant and antioxidant enzymes inhibition potentials of Aframomum melegueta [Roscoe] K. Schum (Grains of Paradise) Leaf, Stem Bark, Seed Bark and Seed Extracts. Aframomum melegueta is a spice with a similar composition as Ginger, that belongs to the same Zingiberaceae family, used in Nigeria, West Africa and it is used for the treatment of infectious diseases such as urinary tract infections, cancer and diabetes. Antioxidants neutralize the effect of free radicals through different ways and may prevent the body from various diseases. The plant extract were collected from a rain forest in Akugba Akoko, Ondo state, Nigeria. The plant sample was dried, pulverized, filtered with Whatman No 1 filtered paper and the filtrates was concentrated in-vacuum using vacuum rotary evaporator at 40°C and was later concentrated to dryness in a hot-air oven at 40°C. Assessment of antioxidant potentials were performed using Singleton method Total flavonoids (mg/g), Phenol (mg/g), Ferric reducing (FRAP) potentials (mg/g), Free radical scavenging ability (DPPH) (1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) potentials (%),2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging potentials (mMol/g), Fe2+ chelation potentials (%) and OH Radical Scavenging potentials (%) were evaluated. Antioxidant enzymes of plant were assessed using Bentller method, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) (%), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) (%), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidise (GPX) were evaluated. Seed extract among other extracts of Aframomum melegueta has the highest quantity of flavonoids, Phenol, FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, Fe2+ chelation and OH radical scavenging potential. The leaf extract of A. meleguata has the highest percentage of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) while stem bark of Aframomum melegueta has the highest percentage of Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Glutathione Peroxidise (GPX).it can be deduced from this research work that all parts of the A. melegueta has pharmacological and therapeutic activities judging from literature that A. melegueta can be used to prevent oxidative damage by ROS (Reactive oxygen species) reacting with free radical chelating and catalytic metals which can be used to reduce and prevent various diseases like heart disease, cancer, DNA degeneration, pulmonary and neurological disorder. SOD, GPX, GSH help to control cytokins induced peroxidise level and mediate signal transduction in mammalian cells. It can be deduced that Aframomum melegueta should be the focal point in human diet, natural herbal drug supplement and even in addition to conventional drug to improve the potency and quality of natural drug system. The use of Aframomum melegueta should be encouraged. These results show the potential of Aframomum melegueta as a source of bioactive compounds to be used for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.

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Effects of putrescine and low temperature on the apoplastic antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of two wheat cultivars

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/1037-pse ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽

pp. 320-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

T. Çakmak ◽

Ö. Atıcı

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Catalase Peroxidase ◽

Wheat Leaves

The effects of putrescine (a polyamine), low temperature and their combinations on the activities of apoplastic antioxidant enzymes were studied in the leaves of two wheat cultivars, winter (Dogu-88) and spring (Gerek-79). Fifteen-day-old wheat seedlings were treated with putrescine solutions (0.1, 1 and 10mM) prior to cold treatment (5/3°C). The activities of apoplastic catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were determined in the leaves both under normal and cold conditions at 1, 3 and 5 days. The results indicate that cold treatment significantly increased the activities of apoplastic catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in winter wheat while not generally affecting spring wheat. Under control conditions, the putrescine treatments were more effective in increasing the enzyme activities in winter wheat than in spring wheat. However, under cold conditions, the putrescine treatments surprisingly induced enzyme activities in spring wheat while generally reducing those in winter wheat leaves. The results show that putrescine may act as an agent inducing primary changes in the apoplastic antioxidant system of wheat leaves during reactive oxygen species-mediated damage caused by low temperature stress.

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Amelioration of Chromium VI Toxicity in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) using Glycine Betaine

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52479-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Praveen Kumar ◽

Jayanti Tokas ◽

H. R. Singal

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Research Work ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Chromium Vi ◽

Cr Toxicity ◽

Catalase Peroxidase ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

Abstract The main objective of the present research work was to study the effect of Cr toxicity and its amelioration by glycine betaine (GB) in sorghum (HJ 541 and SSG 59-3). Chromium (Cr VI), 2 and 4 ppm led to a significant reduction in plant height, root length, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes viz. catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, polyphenol oxidase, and superoxide dismutase; and metabolites viz. ascorbate, proline, and glutathione. The results of the present study supported the findings that the application of GB can minimize or reduce the toxic effects caused by Cr VI which reaches the plants via soil, water, and air pollution. It is concluded that GB at both 50, as well as 100 mM concentrations, successfully ameliorated Cr VI (up to 4 ppm) toxicity and its application may be recommended for crops affected by Cr VI toxicity to get better growth and yield.

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NOVEL UMBELLIFERONE PHYTOSOMES: DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION USING EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH AND EVALUATION OF PHOTO-PROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.14635 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Parul A. Ittadwar ◽

Prashant K. Puranik

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Partition Coefficient ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Pharmacological Action ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Coefficient Method ◽

Better Than

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a novel formulation (Phytosome) of umbelliferone with phospholipid for improved permeability, solubility and hence better pharmacological action.Methods: The phytosomal complex was prepared by using solvent evaporation method and optimised by applying the Box-Behnken design on the basis of complexation rate and partition coefficient. The formation of phytosomes was confirmed by FTIR, DSC, SEM, XRD, HPTLC and NMR by comparing the results of the complex with the drug. The photoprotective potential of complex against UV-exposure was evaluated in rats and compared with the drug by incorporating it in a gel and estimating the antioxidant enzymes in skin namely reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation and catalase.Results: The crystalline drug was completely converted to amorphous complex. The complex showed a good practical yield, drug content and particle size was in the range. The solubility of the complex was determined by partition coefficient method and was found to be better than the drug. The ex vivo and in-vitro permeation of the complex showed improved permeation for complex than the drug. The in vitro antioxidant activity of complex was evaluated by DPPH and ferrozine antioxidant assay and was better than the drug. The photoprotective action of the complex was found to be better than drug on the basis of the content of antioxidant enzymes estimated in the skin.Conclusion: The phytosomal complex was found to show better solubility in the water phase and oil phase, better permeation, better antioxidant activity and a better photo-protective activity when compared to umbelliferone.

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Protein Hydrolysate from Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus, Armoured Catfish, with High Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24081628 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1628 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yuchen Guo ◽

Nicholas Michael ◽

Jorge Fonseca Madrigal ◽

Carlos Sosa Aguirre ◽

Paula Jauregi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Native People ◽

Peptide Sequence ◽

Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽

Trolox Equivalent ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Armoured Catfish

Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus, locally named the armoured catfish, is a by-catch of tilapia fishing that accounts for up to 80% of total captured fish in the Adolfo Lopez Mateos dam, in Michoacán, México, affecting the economy of its surrounding communities. This invasive fish is discarded by fishermen since native people do not consume it, partly due to its appearance, yet it is rich in protein. The aim of this study was to produce hydrolysates from armoured catfish using food-grade proteases (neutrases HT and PF and alcalase PAL) and investigate the processing conditions (pH and temperature) that lead to a high degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant activity, and Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory activity. No other similar research has been reported on this underutilized fish. The antioxidant activity was measured by three different methods, ABTS, FRAP and ORAC, with relevance to food and biological systems in order to obtain a more comprehensive assessment of the activity. In addition, the main peptide sequences were identified. All enzymes produced hydrolysates with high antioxidant activity. In particular, the protease HT led to the highest antioxidant activity according to the ABTS (174.68 μmol Trolox equivalent/g fish) and FRAP (7.59 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g fish) methods and almost the same as PAL according to the ORAC method (51.43 μmol Trolox equivalent/g fish). Moreover, maximum activity was obtained at mild pH and temperature (7.5; 50 °C). Interestingly, the ORAC values obtained here were higher than others previously reported for fish hydrolysates and similar to those reported for fruits such as blueberries, apples and oranges. The peptide sequence IEE(E) was present in several peptides in both hydrolysates; this sequence may be partly responsible for the high antioxidant activity, particularly the one based on iron-reducing power. These findings will be relevant to the valorization of other fish/fish muscle discards and could contribute to the production of food supplements and nutraceuticals.

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Avocado/soy unsaponifiables can redress the balance between serum antioxidant and oxidant levels in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2020-0265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Zohreh Jangravi ◽

Saeed Basereh ◽

Ali Zaree Mahmoudabadi ◽

Mehdi Saberi ◽

Gholam Hossein Alishiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Mixed Effects ◽

The Other ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Double Blind ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disorder of the joint characterized by pain and stiffness. Oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of OA. We aimed to evaluate the effects of avocado/soy unsaponifiables (ASU) compound on serum antioxidant and oxidative stress in patients with Osteoarthritis. Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial was performed. Fourty patients with osteoarthritis were randomized to two different sequences: 1) DP: received ASU for three months followed by three months placebo, 2) PD: received placebo for the first three months followed by three months ASU. The oxidant statue was evaluated by measurement of serum malonldialdehyde (MDA). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also assessed. Results Mean serum of MDA level as a marker of oxidative stress significantly decreased in all patients after three months treatment with ASU (4.46 ± 0.11 nmol/L) compare with baseline and placebo levels (5 ± 0.15 and 5.82 ± 0.12 nmol/L respectively) (p<0.05). On the other hand, ASU resulted in positive changes in serum antioxidant levels (p<0.05). Mixed-effects model of variance analyses showed that ASU effect is regardless of the order of receiving medication (p>0.05). Conclusions These data showed that Avocado/Soy Unsaponifiable can be an effective supplement in treatment of osteoarthritis through the control of the balance between antioxidant and oxidant molecular markers.

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The Role of Antioxidant to Prevent Free Radicals in The Body

Sains Medika ◽

10.26532/sainsmed.v8i1.1012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Siti Thomas Zulaikhah

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

The Body ◽

Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Vegetables And Fruits ◽

Β Carotene

AbstractAntioxidants are compounds that can counteract or reduce the negative impact oxidants in the body. Antioxidants work by donating an electron to compounds that are oxidant so that the oxidant compound activity can be inhibited. Antioxidants are classified into two, namely antioxidant enzymes and non-enzyme. Antioxidant enzymes as enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a non-enzyme antioxidant found in many vegetables and fruits, which include reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, E, β- carotene, flavonoids, isoflavones, flavones, antosionin, catechins, and isokatekin, and lipoic acid. Low antioxidant enzymes can be used as a marker of high levels of free radicals in the body. Following review aims to provide an overview of the role of antioxidants in preventing the formation of free radicals in the body.

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EFFECT OF PEPTIDES ON ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM ENZYMES IN RATS WITH HEAVY METALS, PHOSPHOORGANIC PESTICIDES INTOXICATION

Medical and Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.11603/mcch.2410-681x.2016.v0.i2.6666 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ye. B. Dmukhalska ◽

Ya. I. Honskyi

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Antioxidant Protection

The aim of this work was to examine the effect of heavy metal ions and phosphororganic pestecies which contain glyphosate on activity antioxidative enzymes in the serum and liver of rats. The effect of peptide tsysteil-histidiltyrosilhistidil-isoleucine on the state of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase, catalase) and lipid peroxidation was reached. The peptide exhibits antioxidant activity, the correction of the peptide increases antioxidant enzymes activity and concentration of glutathione.

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