scholarly journals Wood biomass for energy in Montenegro

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gradimir Danon ◽  
Milosav Andjelic ◽  
Branko Glavonjic ◽  
Ratko Kadovic ◽  
Mladen Furtula
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Wood Residue ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Biomass For Energy

Wood biomass has got its place in the energy balance of Montenegro. A little more than 6% of the total energy consumption is obtained by burning wood. Along with the appropriate state measures, it is economically and environmentally justified to expect Montenegro to more than double the utilization of the existing renewable energy sources including wood biomass, in the near future. For the purpose of achieving this goal, ?Commercial utilization of the Wood Residue as a Resource for Economic Development in the North of Montenegro? project was carried out in 2007. The results of this project were included in the plan of the necessary interventions of the Government and its Agencies, associations or clusters, non-government organizations and interested enterprises. The plan was made on the basis of the wood residue at disposal and the attitude of individual subjects to produce and/or use solid bio-fuels and consists of a proposal of collection and utilization of the wood residue for each individual district in the north of Montenegro. The basic factors of sustainability of future commercialization of the wood residue were: availability of the wood raw material, and thereby the wood residue; the development of wood-based fuel markets, and the size of the profit.

scholarly journals FPV for Sustainable Electricity Generation in a Large European City

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Bogdan Popa ◽  
Liana Ioana Vuta ◽  
Gabriela Elena Dumitran ◽  
Irina Picioroaga ◽  
Madalina Calin-Arhip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Large City ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Sustainable Electricity ◽  
Near Future

There is a huge interest worldwide related to continuously increasing the use of renewable energy sources (RES) for electricity generation. Romania, at this moment, even though it has to attain a share of 30.7% of RES from total energy consumption by 2030, does not have any major investment project of this kind in the near future. Photovoltaic (PV) is one of the most promising technologies, with decreasing prices for PV panels but with the disadvantage of large, needed surfaces. This study presents a solution to install PV panels where there is a need for electricity, in a large city, by using the surface of a reservoir. “Lacul Morii” Reservoir in Bucharest is the choice for the case study. The insolation and the possibility to install floating PV, as well as electricity generation, benefits for water quality and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction are assessed, and even the installation of charging stations for electric bikes and cars. The results are very promising, and the main conclusion is that, after its realization, the floating photovoltaic (FPV) plant on “Lacul Morii” Reservoir will be a source of clean electricity and a demonstration project on how to benefit from solar energy to produce electricity in large cities where there are reservoirs.

scholarly journals From fur to fir: Lessons for the BC forest industry from the anti-fur campaign

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Heather Myers
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Stakeholder Interests ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
The North ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

BC's forest industry is feeling internal and international pressure to change its practices, and there is an increasing move to certification, amidst debates about preferred certification modes. This reflects changes in the economies of many of Canada's rural and northern communities, which have traditionally been dependent upon natural resources, but are now coming under pressure from the global community – not only in economic terms, but in terms of social values. As demography changes, and with it, social and economic values, this pressure is likely to continue. The Canadian North first felt such pressure as a result of the European boycott of the Newfoundland seal hunt, and then anti-trapping boycotts that have occurred periodically since then. These campaigns have had a profound effect on the lifestyles, cultures and sustainability of the northern communities. Over almost three decades, the government, non-government organizations and people of the North have had to learn to deal with and respond to these external campaigns that threaten them. The lessons they have learned about the nature of these campaigns could be useful to the province of British Columbia, which is now coming under increasing pressure from Europe and the US regarding its forestry practices. This paper outlines the evolution and characteristics of the international campaigns against sealing and trapping, as well as the experiences of northerners in dealing with them. It goes on to apply these lessons to the BC situation, with some recommendations for appropriate responses. Fundamentally, these campaigns reflect changing demographic and social characteristics and values in North America and Europe, and the changing relationship of people to natural resources, but they also raise questions about fair reflection of the variety of stakeholder interests in resource decision-making, and the limits on definition of "stakeholders." Key words: Boycotts, resource use

scholarly journals The Knowledge of People About the Use of Renewable Energy and Environmental Awareness in Their Area, Irbid Governorate as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Samia Ayyoub Salim Ayyoub ◽  
Nuha Mahmoud Mesleh Radaydeh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government

In the global effort to curb energy consumption and promote a sustainable lifestyle for our societies, we must strive to lower our energy needs in all aspects of our lives. One of the biggest contributors to our energy requirements are the buildings we spend most of our time inside. Buildings’ energy consumption can take many forms, such as, air conditioning, heating, ventilation, and lighting systems in order to create a comfortable environment for the users. One way of reducing buildings’ energy consumption is the use of renewable resource for energy. The main aim of this research is to measure and assess the public perceptions, knowledge and awareness of the concept of renewable energy, with specific regards to the use of solar photovoltaic cells, as well as investigate the desire to spend on the installation of renewable energy sources. Data was collected through a survey questionnaire applied in Irbid governorate in the north of Jordan. The statistical SPSS program was used to analyze closed-ended questionnaires and obtain numerical results based on arithmetical averages and percentages. The results show people are adequately aware of the benefits of renewable energy and most would like to have photovoltaic cells installed. However, 54.35% of the study sample live in apartments and do not have the space for the installation. 70.1% are open to the idea of sharing the solar energy system with their neighbors. 50% thought that the photovoltaic cells affected the aesthetics of the architecture style of the buildings especially the more traditional styles. It is concluded that the government needs to build a large-scale solar energy project to sustainably produce electricity instead of relying on individuals who generally lack the ability or the space for such systems, taking in note that the general public supports such concepts.

PROFIL FERMENTASI PADA PRODUKSI MINYAK MIKROALGA MENGGUNAKAN Nannochloropsis oculata DALAM MEDIUM BG-11

EKUILIBIUM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margono Margono ◽  
Sunu Herwi Pranolo ◽  
Endah Retno Dyartanti
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
The Government

<p>Abstract: The Government has launched a substitution program of petroleum based oil with<br />renewable energy sources. One of the programs implemented is substitution of diesel oil by<br />biodiesel. However, there is a problem with biodiesel raw material resources, i.e. alternative of<br />crude palm oil avoiding competition of food utilization. The prospective one is microalgae oil.<br />The objective of this study is to explore fermentation profile of Nannochloropsis oculata growing<br />in medium BG-11. Experiments used a bioreactor equipped with a gas absorber and N. oculata<br />cultured in medium BG-11. While culturing N. oculata, oxygen was supported in the gas<br />absorber by circulating the medium through bioreactor – absorber – bioreactor. Sampling was<br />carried out periodically once a day (24 hours) and analysis of samples included cell<br />temperature, salinity, pH, cell dry weight, and oil content. The data were presented in a<br />graphical form of the parameter profile.<br />Keywords: microalgae, fermentation profile, Nannochloropsis oculata., oil content</p>

scholarly journals Kajian Kapasitas Adaptasi Masyarakat Pesisir Pekalongan terhadap Kerentanan Banjir Rob

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hilma Qoniana Purifyningtyas ◽  
Holi Bina Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

<p class="Abstract"><em>Pekalongan City located in the coastal area which vulnerable to the tidal flood. The tidal flood in Pekalongan City always increases. The tidal flood inundating the North Pekalongan Sub-district to </em><em>the</em><em> radius of three kilometers from the beach. There were eight villages which stagnated by the tidal flood, include the Village Pabean and Village Bandengan. The adaptive capacity of society needs to be improved to deal with the tidal flood. This study aims to assess the adaptive capacity of coastal communities Pekalongan against the tidal flood vulnerability by using the quantitative methods with scoring and descriptive statistical analysis to synthesize the results of the analysis. Adaptive capacity assessed at the level of individuals, communities and cities. This analysis also based on the physical, social and economic aspects. The result of the analysis showed that at the individual level, both of these villages, the level of the adaptive community was low. It was caused by the low ability of communities to repair houses. This level of adaptive capacity was also influenced by the level of education and income levels. At the community level, the level of adaptive capacity was determined by the ability of communities to improve infrastructure. This level of adaptive capacity was also determined by the existence of the organization and the ability to raise funds. It could be known that the level of adaptive capacity at the community level was moderate. At the city level, the government was able to adapt by providing technological and institutional. Society needs to increase the adaptive capacity by improving the ability of the economy, in addition, to optimizing the performance of government and non-government organizations.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Decommissioning of offshore man-made installations: Taking an ecosystem approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
European Marine Board
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
The North ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Near Future

We are entering a legacy era for the offshore oil and gas industry. As operations ramp down, could scientific evidence hold the key to reducing economic cost and environmental impact of full decommissioning?This Policy Brief assesses the role of marine science in reducing the environmental impact of decommissioning and highlights the scientific questions that now need to be answered to settle the debate on what should be done with these structures. Recent estimates suggest that there are currently around 1,350 oil and gas installations in the North Sea and North Atlantic regions and 1,800 offshore wind turbines in North Sea region alone. And this number is rising. The total cost of full decommissioning of oil and gas installations in the North Sea alone for the period 2015 to 2040 is estimated at between US$70 and US$82 billion. The numbers of installations requiring decommissioning is also set to increase dramatically as renewable energy devices begin reaching the end of their operational life, and as plans for exploiting renewable energy sources in the near future grow. Globally, industry and governments are embracing different decommissioning approaches, from full removal to the production of artificial reefs. The question of what is best for the environment is still to be answered.The INSITE programme, highlighted in this Policy Brief as novel model which could be implemented more widely, is a unique collaboration between leading energy companies and research. It is already funding research which is exploring the influence of man-made structures on the marine ecosystem in order to provide a solid scientific basis for future decision-making.Ultimately, appropriate decisions need to be made in the very near future regarding the decommissioning of oil and gas and renewable energy structures. At present, there remains a need for more scientific research to better inform the decision-making process regarding their fate.

scholarly journals Production Potential of Rubberwood in Malaysia: Its Economic Challenges

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jegatheswaran RATNASINGAM ◽  
Geetha RAMASAMY ◽  
Florin IORAS ◽  
Jake KANER ◽  
Lu WENMING
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Supply ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) has emerged as the most important source of wood raw material in Malaysia. Being a plantation crop, it is regarded as a green and environmental-friendly material that has found applications in almost all sectors of the wood industry. Despite its importance as a socio-economic sector, the future of the rubberwood industry in Malaysia is under scrutiny. The steadily declining rubber cultivation area in the country is raising alarms about the future supply of rubberwood. Although the government provides a replanting subsidy for smallholders, who make up the large proportion of the growers, there is an urgent need to enhance the profitability of rubber growing activities. Efforts to enhance the full recovery of wood biomass available and also expanding the use of rubberwood in high value applications must be pursued rigorously, to arrest the declining interests in rubber cultivation. Policy makers must ensure that rubber cultivation remains economical and the net value of rubberwood is further enhanced through application in non-traditional sectors.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of Rural Development Initiatives in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luqman ◽  
Muhammad Umer Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Tariq Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Waqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Masses

Rural development agencies have been regarded as important performers in terms of influencing development policies and programmes in rural areas of the world. The main focus of these programmes is to uplift the living standard of the masses in rural areas through sustained growth in the rural economy. To improve the livelihoods of rural communities, the government has adopted various rural development programmes, but the majority of them left very little effect on the ground. Many of these programmes had been inspired by the western paradigm. Categorically the efforts to uplift the livelihood of rural population in the North-Western Pakistan, have gained little success. According to recent reports, about one third population of mountainous region is still facing the problem of food insecurity, poverty and hunger which results in economic and political instability. Considering this, the government has launched many rural development programmes but almost all of them were terminated after gaining little success. Although the overall approach was institutional in nature but it failed to promote institutional aspect of rural development. Leading constraints to the rural developmental strategies include shortage of funds, dominated status of bureaucracy and lack of coordination among the implementing agency and local community. Besides state owned programmes for rural development many non-government organizations (NGOs) are also involved on the theme of development that is participatory for the decades. Among those initiatives Agha Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP) remained quite successful in northern areas of Pakistan. However, rural development through participatory approach is still far behind the predicted results and these organizations are facing problems in delivering welfare services to the rural poor as they are being blame that they are working on western agenda.

Malaysian Homestays: The Need for Standardized Regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
ROHASLINDA BINTI RAMELE ◽  
YAMAZAKI JUICHI ◽  
MD NAJIB IBRAHIM ◽  
LILIS SHEREENA SAFIEE
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Arts And Culture ◽  
The Government ◽  
Host Families ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries ◽  
Management Operation

This study aims to clarify regulations used among each type of registered and unregistered Malaysian homestays and to reveal issues arose regarding the implemented regulations. Selected homestays that are established by the government organizations and individuals were investigated to carry out the comparison on each homestay. Host families and persons in charge of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC), the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), and the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) were also interviewed. Findings showed that there is only one guideline used for all types of homestays in Malaysia, which is the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline, established by MOTAC. MOTAC has also been selected as a leader of homestays in the Southeast Asian countries by the ASEAN Secretariat; therefore, the ASEAN Homestay Standard is also being referred. However, the implementation of this guideline and standard among other homestays unregistered with MOTAC (homestays established by MOA, MRRD, and individuals) is not compulsory, although encouraged, where they may receive equal benefits in term of facilities and promotion. Some issues arose due to the tax regulated by the local authorities, failure on homestays to be registered with MOTAC, and abandoned homestays. This study recommended that the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline to be standardized and regulated to all types of homestays, including individuals and unregistered homestays in Malaysia. This is important in order to reduce issues arose involving the homestay industry, providing safety and comfort to the tourists and, to help to develop rural income among host families and the rural community themselves.Keywords: Rural tourism, homestay, regulation, management, operation

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