The Political Economy of Federalism

1985 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 994-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Chubb
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
White House ◽  
Grant Programs ◽  
Fiscal Behavior ◽  
Principal Agent Model ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

This article introduces a theoretical framework and an econometric methodology for analyzing the increasingly important effects of the national government on the federal system. The framework is a synthesis of the dominant political and economic approaches to this issue: it attempts to capture key elements of the complex political and administrative processes that implementation research has identified in contemporary federalism, and to exploit formal models of local fiscal choice used to analyze the impact of federal grants on state and local spending and taxing. The vehicle for the synthesis is a principal-agent model which represents the federal system as a formal hierarchy extending from Congress and the president to subnational bureaucrats. An econometric analysis of two major federal grant programs in each state for the years, 1965-1979, demonstrates that 1) economic models alone cannot explain the effects of federal grants on subnational fiscal behavior; politics must be included, and 2) the political effects can be disaggregated into ideological and constituency-oriented demands made by Congress and the White House on federal grant agencies.

The Evaluation of Intergovernmental Programs

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
R P Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Block Grant ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Grant Programs ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Policies And Programs

This paper is the introductory essay for a set of six papers in which a series of field network evaluation studies, conducted in the United States of America, on the effects of major changes in the grant-in-aid policies and programs of the national government are described. The studies, begun in 1972, focused on the effects of new grant programs on state and local governments and the services they provide. The five studies are of (1) the revenue sharing program, (2) the community development block grant program, (3) all federal grants-in-aid in eleven large cities in 1978, (4) the public service job-creation program, and (5) the cuts and changes in federal grant-in-aid program made under President Reagan. In this paper, the rationale, methodology, and history of these studies are described.

scholarly journals State and Local Fiscal Behavior and Federal Grant Policy

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Gramlich ◽  
Harvey Galper ◽  
Stephen Goldfeld ◽  
Martin McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Federal Grant ◽  
Fiscal Behavior ◽  
State And Local

Distributive Politics and the Allocation of Federal Grants

1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Distributive Politics ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Grant Programs ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Over Time

Understanding the dynamics of policy distribution requires an appreciation of federal grant programs that have achieved a prominent place in nearly all areas of domestic policy. The theoretical literature on distributive politics, however, focuses almost exclusively on a centralized, top-down view of policy distribution. By examining the role of presidents, legislators, and bureaucrats, scholars have ignored participants who have become key actors in the distribution of federal expenditures—the recipient jurisdictions. This analysis of the allocation patterns under six federal programs shows that local governments exert important influences on the distribution of federal grants and that the distributional patterns and their determinants vary over time. The analysis also points out the importance of disaggregation by focusing on programs and recipient jurisdictions, as opposed to total federal expenditures and regions, states, or congressional districts.

The Commission on Intergovernmental Relations: A Report to the President for Transmittal to the Congress. (Washington: Government Printing Office. 1955. Pp. xi, 311. $1.25). - A Description of Twenty-five Federal Grant-in-Aid Programs (Pp. vii, 179). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Staff Report on Civil Defense and Urban Vulnerability (Pp. viii, 35). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Staff Report on Federal Aid to Airports (Pp. viii, 137). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Federal Aid to Agriculture (Pp. vii, 38). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Federal Aid to Highways (Pp. viii, 40). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Federal Aid to Public Health (Pp. viii, 53). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Federal Aid to Welfare (Pp. ix, 115). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Natural Resources and Conservation (Pp. vii, 35). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Study Committee Report on Payments in Lieu of Taxes and Shared Revenues (Pp. ix, 197). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Sub-Committee Report on Natural Disaster Relief (Pp. vii, 34). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - A Survey Report on The Impact of Federal Grants-in-Aid on the Structure and Functions of State and Local Governments (Pp. vii, 489). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - An Advisory Committee Report on Local Government (Pp. vii, 62). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.) - Summaries of Survey Reports on The Administrative and Fiscal Impact of Federal Grants-in-Aid (Pp. xi, 120). Submitted to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955.)

1956 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Wheare
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Government Printing ◽  
Committee Report ◽  
Federal Aid ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
Study Committee ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effects Of The New System Of Fiscal Federalism On Local Economic Development Efforts A Test Case

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
John E. Peck ◽  
Thomas R. Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
New Federalism ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New System

Although Congress has never officially endorsed President Reagans plan for a New Federalism, it is apparent that our system of fiscal federalism has undergone massive changes in recent years with Federal grants as a percentage of state and local own revenue falling since 1978 on a yearly basis. This paper considers the impact of the changing fiscal federalism upon local economic development efforts using South Bend, Indiana, a rather typical community in the manufacturing belt  as a case study.

Belgium's Adaptation to the EU : Does Federalism Constrain Europeanisation ?

Res Publica ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-597
Author(s):  
Peter Bursens
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
General Public ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Federal System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Dominant Focus ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This article starts from the observation that the Belgian level of adaptation to the requirements posed by its membership of the European Union is surprisingly low. Following an institutionalist line of thinking, it is argued that the impact of the European Union is seriously constrained by the characteristics of the Belgian federal system. This results into defining both cultural (1) and structural (2) indicators for the degree of Europeanisation: (1) European opinions and awareness of political elites and the general public and (2) the Belgian domestic organisation of European co-ordination mechanisms. The article more concretely argues that the European opinions and European awareness of the political elites and the public opinion are coloured by an inwards-looking mentality that stems from the dominant focus on the ongoing federalisation process. In addition, it is also found that the limited Europeanised installation and outcomes ofthe European co-ordination mechanisms are at least partly shaped by hard and soft federal elements

Impak Kerjasama Politik Umno-Pas Terhadap Perkembangan Islam Di Malaysia Dari Tahun 1973 Hingga 1978

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tawfik Yaakub ◽  
Osman Md Rasip
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
The Political ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Political Cooperation ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses impact of UMNO-PAS political cooperation towards Islamic development in Malaysia from 1973 until 1978. The success of political cooperation in 1973 was the result of both UMNO’s leader, Tun Abdul Razak and PAS’s leader, Asri Muda willingness to explore a new political approach compared to what was being practiced at that time. Both leaders then started the development of a government known as the ‘Cooperation Government’ with the combination of UMNO and PAS in 1973 and later on, the development of the National Front’s (BN) Coalition Government in 1974. The Islamic religion benefits the most from the development of the Coalition Government which is a favourable gain for the Malays in Malaysia. Henceforth, this article will discuss in detail on the impact of the political cooperation between UMNO and PAS within the cooperation period. The methods used for this research is by interview and also by referring to secondary sources which are analyzed in a historical descriptive manner that is normally practiced in historical research. At the end of this research it is established that there are profound impacts to the Islamic religion within the UMNO-PAS cooperation period within 1973 to 1978 for example, the television and radio station beginning starting their programmes with the recitation from Quranic verses, the promulgation of ‘Adhan, alcohols are no longer served in official government’s function, lottery companies are not allowed to promote and announce the lottery results in official government’s media, the establishment of Islamic institution, the strengthening of Islamic education and the appropriate change in the relevant ministry’s symbols. This article can be utilized by subsequent researchers who wish to study the impact of political cooperation between UMNO and PAS. Keywords: political cooperation, UMNO-PAS, cooperation government ABTRAK:Makalah ini membincangkan mengenai impak kerjasama politik UMNO-PAS terhadap perkembangan Islam di Malaysia dari tahun 1973 hingga 1978. Kerjasama politik yang berjaya dibentuk bermula pada tahun 1973 adalah hasil daripada kesediaan Tun Abdul Razak dengan Mohd Asri Muda yang menerajui UMNO dan PAS pada ketika itu mencetuskan perubahan corak berpolitik yang berbeza berbanding sebelumnya. Maka, kedua-dua pemimpin ini kemudiannya merintis pembentukan sebuah kerajaan yang menggabungkan UMNO dengan PAS menerusi Kerajaan Campuran pada tahun 1973 dan Kerajaan Gabungan Barisan Nasional (BN) pada tahun 1974. Hasil daripada kejayaan penubuhan kedua-dua kerajaan ini, perkembangan Islam di negara ini bertambah pesat dan dapat dimanfaatkan oleh keseluruhan orang Melayu di Malaysia. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan secara terperinci impak kerjasama politik antara UMNO dengan PAS dalam tempoh kerjasama politik berkenaan. Penyelidikan ini menggunapakai kaedah temubual dan menyorot sejumlah sumber sekunder yang kemudiannya dianalisis secara deskriptif sejarah (historical descriptive analysis) yang lazimnya dipraktikkan dalam kajian sejarah. Hasil kajian ini mendapati terdapat impak-impak jelas terhadap perkembangan Islam di negara ini sepanjang tempoh kerjasama politik antara UMNO dengan PAS dari tahun 1973 hingga 1978. Antara impak-impak tersebut ialah permulaan siaran televisyen dan radio dengan bacaan ayat-ayat suci Al-Quran, mengumandangkan suara azan, penghapusan arak dalam majlis-majlis kerajaan, penghapusan promosi dan keputusan judi di media kerajaan, penubuhan institusi Islam, pemerkasaan pendidikan Islam dan penukaran simbol institisu kerajaan. Akhirnya, artikel ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh penyelidik-penyelidik berikutnya untuk menilai impak kerjasama politik antara UMNO dengan PAS.Kata kunci: kerjasama politik, UMNO-PAS, kerajaan campuran

The Impact of a Potential Public/Private Initiative on a Defined Region of the South Suburban Chicago Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Market Area ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The university is considered one of the engines of growth in a local economy or its market area, since its direct contributions consist of 1) employment of faculty and staff, 2) services to students, and supply chain links vendors, all of which define the University’s Market area. Indirect contributions consist of those agents associated with the university in terms of community and civic events. Each of these activities represent economic benefits to their host communities and can be classified as the economic impact a university has on its local economy and whose spatial market area includes each of the above agents. In addition are the critical links to the University, which can be considered part of its Demand and Supply chain. This paper contributes to the field of Public/Private Impact Analysis, which is used to substantiate the social and economic benefits of cooperating for economic resources. We use Census data on Output of Goods and Services, Labor Income on Salaries, Wages and Benefits, Indirect State and Local Taxes, Property Tax Revenue, Population, and Inter-Industry to measure economic impact (Implan, 2016).

Senate Electoral Responsiveness under Indirect and Direct Election

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy J. Schiller ◽  
Charles Stewart
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Counterfactual Analysis ◽  
Senate Elections ◽  
Seventeenth Amendment ◽  
Direct Election ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
Direct Elections ◽  
The Impact

This chapter integrates findings on indirect elections with current scholarship on the impact of the adoption of the Seventeenth Amendment and onset of direct elections. It constructs a comprehensive counterfactual analysis that helps demonstrate what the political outcomes would have been with direct elections in place since the founding, and in contrast, what Senate elections would look like after 1913 if indirect elections were still in place. It also addresses the question of whether U.S. senators represented states as units and responded to state governmental concerns more under the indirect system than they do under direct elections. It argues that indirect election had little impact on the Senate's overall partisan composition prior to 1913. Contrary to widespread belief, had direct election been in effect during the years immediately preceding the Seventeenth Amendment's passage, Republicans, not Democrats, would have benefited.

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