The Explanation of Artifact Variability

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brian Schiffer ◽  
James M. Skibo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
And Function ◽  
Technological Constraints

We furnish a theoretical framework for explaining that portion of formal variability in artifacts attributable to the behavior of the artisan. Major causal factors are the artisan's knowledge and experience, extent of feedback on performance in activities along the artifact's behavioral chain, situational factors in behavioral chain activities, technological constraints, and social processes of conflict and negotiation. In identifying the causal factors at work in a specific case, the investigator must focus analytically on activities-that is, on people-people, people-artifact, and artifact-artifact interactions-and on the performance characteristics relevant to each. Application of this behavioral framework allows abandonment of many cherished but unhelpful concepts, including style and function. Ceramic artifacts, the low-fired, clay cooking pot in particular, are employed for illustrative purposes.

Myth and Ethics in Business

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviva Geva
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Ethical Aspect ◽  
Rational Thinking ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
And Function

Abstract:Business myth is generally treated in business ethics literature as a mental obstacle that must be removed in order to prepare the ground for rational thinking on the ethical aspect of business conduct. This approach, which focuses on the content of myth, does not explicate the nature and function of myth. Based on the study of myth in the fields of humanities and social sciences, this paper develops a theoretical framework and analytical tool—the revolving-door model—for researching myth in business. The proposed framework (1) offers new perspectives on myth: the consumer’s, the producer’s, the mythologist’s, and the ethicist’s; (2) explicates various distortion mechanisms of the myth; and (3) enables a redefinition of the relation of business myth to business ethics. The applicability of this framework is demonstrated by means of a real case which sets the stage for examining a set of common myths.

scholarly journals Variability and change in Palaeo-Eskimo architecture: A view from the Canadian High Arctic

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 191-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Historical Events

Abstract This paper explores the nature and causes of geographical and temporal variation in the architectural remains of Palaeo-Eskimo occupation in the High Arctic. It is suggested that much of the variability in the architectural record relates to local and situational factors rather than to cultural prescription. Three structural features — the box-hearth, midpassage and longhouse — are selected as representing a complex of elements with broad geographical and temporal distribution, and which may have had symbolic meaning related to Palaeo-Eskimo society and worldview. Changes in the form and distribution of these features are summarized, and the degree to which these variations may reflect social processes and historical events is examined.

scholarly journals LATIN AMERICAN AND BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM: THE RIGHTS OF THE TRADITIONAL PEOPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 172-196
Author(s):  
Monique Falcão ◽  
Ricardo Falbo
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Changes

This article presents the XXI’s constitutionalism as the doctrine of the constitutional law hich supposes to be a theoretical framework able to assure the interpretation of the political and social processes from which political constitutions emerge. Thus, the 88’s Brazilian Constitution proceeded to the recognition of the fundamental rights and norms regarding theprotection of minority rights. The purpose of this work is to investigate if this supposed innovative characteristic of the 88’s Brazilian Constitution is able or not to set historicalconstitutionalism as the continuity or maintenance of the conservative processes of the politicaland social status quo in the country. This article intends to discuss the nature of constitutional changes and the impacts of these changes on the development of constitutionalism in Brazil by analyzing the extent to which political, social, and cultural latin-american processes influenced changes in Brazilian constitutionalism.

scholarly journals LATIN AMERICAN AND BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM: THE RIGHTS OF THE TRADITIONAL PEOPLES

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 172-196
Author(s):  
Monique Falcão ◽  
Ricardo Falbo
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Changes

This article presents the XXI’s constitutionalism as the doctrine of the constitutional law hich supposes to be a theoretical framework able to assure the interpretation of the political and social processes from which political constitutions emerge. Thus, the 88’s Brazilian Constitution proceeded to the recognition of the fundamental rights and norms regarding theprotection of minority rights. The purpose of this work is to investigate if this supposed innovative characteristic of the 88’s Brazilian Constitution is able or not to set historicalconstitutionalism as the continuity or maintenance of the conservative processes of the politicaland social status quo in the country. This article intends to discuss the nature of constitutional changes and the impacts of these changes on the development of constitutionalism in Brazil by analyzing the extent to which political, social, and cultural latin-american processes influenced changes in Brazilian constitutionalism.

Ghettos in Slovakia. Confronting Roma Social and Enviromental Exclusion

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Filčák ◽  
Tamara Stager
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
And Function ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Economic Standpoint

AbstractMore than half of the Roma population in Slovakia lives in spaces that are segregated or separated from dominant non-Roma communities. The socio-spatial marginalization of Roma is both generated and reinforced through open and discrete social processes and measures largely orchestrated by local governments, enabled by an ineffective state; and reinforced by the general socio-economic policy framework. This article builds on extensive field research on predominantly Roma-occupied spaces (i.e., ‘settlements’) in Slovakia and focuses on the nature and function of Roma segregation and separation in Slovakia from an ecological socio-political, and economic standpoint. Based on Loi’c Wacquant’s work on ethno-racial segregation and the concept of environmental justice, we discuss social and environmental discrimination as one of the constituent elements in understanding Roma socio-spatial marginalization and its functions, and employ the neologism, ‘hyper-osada’ as a tool to conceptually and analytically investigate the; new impetus and recent trajectory of Roma segregation and separation.

Branding as a dynamic capability

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick J. Brodie ◽  
Maureen Benson-Rea ◽  
Christopher J. Medlin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Brand Identity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marketing Organization ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Corporate Brands

A new theoretical framework is developed to scrutinize the strategic advantage for branding. The theoretical framework applies both at the firm level, for the marketing of individual brands and corporate brands, and also to branding where a marketing agent plays a facilitating role within a community or industry. The framework presents branding as a dynamic capability held by a marketing agent within a market network. Two interrelated processes are involved: (i) managing brand identity and (ii) facilitating integration with the social processes that co-create brand meanings for buyers, sellers, and other actors. The social complexity of this dynamic capability makes the brand difficult to imitate and so provides a strong strategic advantage for the marketing organization. An agenda for future research is developed and the article concludes with theoretical and managerial implications.

scholarly journals A Short History and Demonstration of the Dynamic Table of Contexts

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Nelson ◽  
Stéfan Sinclair ◽  
Susan Brown ◽  
Milena Radzikowska ◽  
Mark Bieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Textual Studies ◽  
Short History ◽  
Digital Medium ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents a brief account of the form and function of the “table of contents” to establish a theoretical framework for understanding the form and function of this common element of book architecture with the aim of informing the development of a dynamic table of contexts for books and reading in the digital medium. This paper will thus theorize the relationship between textual studies and interface design in INKE, a project for Implementing New Knowledge Environments.

scholarly journals Tekst, sekvens og heterogenitet. Introduktion til J.-M. Adams teori om teksttyper

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Finn Frandsen
Keyword(s):  
French Text ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
De Se ◽  
Text Types ◽  
And Function

The present paper gives a critical introduction to the theory of text types or text sequences elaborated by the French text linguist Jean-Michel Adam. The first part of the paper presents the overall theoretical framework for Adam’s research within stylistics and text linguistics. The second part of the paper gives a more detailed discussion of Adam’s answers to what may be defined as the four most crucial questions within text type research, that is: a) the number of text types which can be identified (the classification problem), b) the relation between text types within individual texts, c) the relation between text types and linguistic features and d) the relation between text types and their communicative function (the interaction between form and function).L’objectif de la linguistique textuelle est simple : poursuivre l’analyse lin-guistique au-delà de la phrase complexe et des seuls couples de phrases et, si difficile que cela paraisse, accepter de se situer aux frontières du linguistique dans le but de rendre compte de l’hétérogénéité de toute composition textuelle.

scholarly journals The Functions And Linguistic Analysis Of Metaphor In The Holy Qur’an

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Ali ◽  
Ahmad El-Sharif ◽  
Mohamad Sayel Alzyoud
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
And Function

The paper aims to tackle the function of metaphor in the Qur’an within the theoretical framework put forward by Lakoff & Turner (1989). This theory is known as the Cognitive Theory of Metaphor. It shows how the Qur’an is structured around the idea of the variety of meaning of lexical items, and how every correspondence between the two domains of “literal” and “non-literal” can fit into it. However, such an application of cognitive semantic approach can provide valuable insights. These insights enhance the overall aim of this paper which is to prove the linguistic creativity of the Qur'an through applying the cognitive theory of metaphor. This paper outlines the basis from which the Qur'an should be considered not only as a book of religious teachings, but also as a linguistic miracle for Arabs (Elsharif, 2011). The structure of this paper is presented as follows. First, we introduce the theoretical background and arguments of this study. Afterwards, we underline the significance of this study and its contribution to the field. In the following section, we present the definition and function of metaphor. Next, we embark on the linguistic analysis of metaphor in the holy Qur’an, metaphorical language and its use in discourse, and metaphor and Islamic religious discourse. Finally, we end the essay with a concluding paragraph.

Visual content of Twitter during the 2018 protests in Iran: Analysis of its role and function

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-230
Author(s):  
Maryam Esfandiari ◽  
Bohdan Fridrich ◽  
Junxi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Visual Content ◽  
Approach Coping ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function ◽  
Protest Activity

This study examines the visual content of Twitter posts, including photos and videos, published during the 2018 protests in Iran. Our main objective is to understand how these protests were visually represented on Twitter. The theoretical framework of this study is drawn from the ‘dynamic dual path way model of approach coping’ that categorizes responses of collective action in emotion-focused and problem-focused coping. Our findings reveal that visual content with efficacy-eliciting characteristics was posted more often than emotion-arousing content. Furthermore, visual content with more protest activity is more likely to be retweeted.

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