scholarly journals Hormones and Breast and Endometrial Cancers: Preventive Strategies and Future Research

1995 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Hulka ◽  
Louise A. Brinton
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Endometrial Cancers

scholarly journals A review of literature on substance abuse among anaesthesia providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 587-600
Author(s):  
Stephanie DeFord ◽  
Julie Bonom ◽  
Terri Durbin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Registered Nurse ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Nurse Anaesthetist ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
American Society

Background Research has demonstrated that anaesthesia providers are susceptible to substance abuse. Several preventive measures are being implemented in certified registered nurse anaesthetist programmes to educate future providers about substance abuse. Given the continued prevalence and impact of the problem, more research is needed about the prevalence of substance abuse among student registered nurse anaesthetists and the implementation of preventive strategies in the educational setting. Aims The purpose of this narrative literature review was to examine the state of the science related to substance abuse among US certified anaesthesia providers. This literature review covered abuse of alcohol, tobacco, recreational drugs, opioids and anaesthetic agents. Methods This narrative review was conducted using the following search terms: anaesthesia, student, wellness, stress, substance abuse, satisfaction, personality, depression, nurse, nurse anaesthetist, propofol, isoflurane and fentanyl. References were identified using PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists and American Association of Nurse Anesthetists websites. A total of 36 articles were identified as relevant to this literature review based on content and country of publication. This literature review was limited to articles published in the past 15 years. With one exception, our search was limited to manuscripts from the US. Results The literature underscored that various risk factors contribute to substance abuse. Board-certified anaesthesia providers fall prey to substance abuse due to ease of access, the high stress associated with administering anaesthesia, and the propensity to become addicted to opioids and other anaesthetics. A gap in the science exists about the prevalence of substance abuse among student registered nurse anaesthetists and the effectiveness of preventive strategies in the educational setting. Conclusions Anaesthesia providers are at high risk of abusing substances. To create a safer environment, future research should explore the prevalence of substance abuse among student registered nurse anaesthetists and emphasise the integration of effective preventive strategies in the educational setting.

scholarly journals A REVIEW STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING SUICIDE AMONG SOUTH ASIANS IN THE UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Ubaid Rehman ◽  
Alamgeer Khan ◽  
Muhammad Jawad ◽  
Saima Sarir ◽  
Seema Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Culturally Sensitive Interventions ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Family Contact

Purpose of the study: A systematic review of studies on factors in the suicide of South Asians in the UK was reviewed to enhance understanding by aggregating those factors contributing to suicide in this diverse group. Methodology: Digital databases PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, JSTOR, Science Direct, Web of sciences, and Google Scholar, were searched from 1990 to 2018 and, six studies were included for the review. Main Findings: Factors like cultural conflict, mental health issues, family relationships, and religious & other social aspects influence suicide in South Asians in the UK. Also, better family contact, culturally sensitive interventions & services, and educational pamphlets could support preventive strategies. Applications of this study: Future research needs to concentrate on the reasons behind high rates of suicide in social class 1 and disaggregation of factors in sub-groups of South Asians in the UK to support the development of sound preventive strategies. Novelty/Originality of this study: First study ever to aggregate factors in the suicide of South Asians in the UK.  

scholarly journals Fatigue in Aviation: Safety Risks, Preventive Strategies and Pharmacological Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yara Q. Wingelaar-Jagt ◽  
Thijs T. Wingelaar ◽  
Wim J. Riedel ◽  
Johannes G. Ramaekers
Keyword(s):  
Work Load ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Fatigue Management ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Time Awake

Fatigue poses an important safety risk to civil and military aviation. In addition to decreasing performance in-flight (chronic) fatigue has negative long-term health effects. Possible causes of fatigue include sleep loss, extended time awake, circadian phase irregularities and work load. Despite regulations limiting flight time and enabling optimal rostering, fatigue cannot be prevented completely. Especially in military operations, where limits may be extended due to operational necessities, it is impossible to rely solely on regulations to prevent fatigue. Fatigue management, consisting of preventive strategies and operational countermeasures, such as pre-flight naps and pharmaceuticals that either promote adequate sleep (hypnotics or chronobiotics) or enhance performance (stimulants), may be required to mitigate fatigue in challenging (military) aviation operations. This review describes the pathophysiology, epidemiology and effects of fatigue and its impact on aviation, as well as several aspects of fatigue management and recommendations for future research in this field.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, Rehabilitation and Preventive Strategies for Pudendal Neuropathy in Cyclists, A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Rita Chiaramonte ◽  
Piero Pavone ◽  
Michele Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pudendal Neuropathy ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the diagnostic methods, preventive strategies, and therapeutic approaches for cyclists suffering from pudendal neuropathy. The study defines a guide in delineating a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol using the best current strategies. Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus Web of Science were searched for the terms: “Bicycling” OR “Bike” OR “Cyclists” AND “Neuropathy” OR “Pudendal Nerve” OR “Pudendal Neuralgia” OR “Perineum”. The database search identified 14,602 articles. After the titles and abstracts were screened, two independent reviewers analyzed 41 full texts. A total of 15 articles were considered eligible for inclusion. Methodology and results of the study were critically appraised in conformity with PRISMA guidelines and PICOS criteria. Fifteen articles were included in the systematic review and were used to describe the main methods used for measuring the severity of pudendal neuropathy and the preventive and therapeutic strategies for nerve impairment. Future research should determine the validity and the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, their cost-effectiveness, and the adherences of the sportsmen to the treatment.

Consumption switch at haste: insights from Indian low-income customers for adopting Fintech services due to the pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-218
Author(s):  
Soniya Billore ◽  
Gautam Billore
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Product Adoption ◽  
The World ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 pandemic has created an environment of uncertainty, stress and financial vulnerability. As countries all over the world adopted preventive strategies ranging from voluntary isolations to stringent lockdowns, people and businesses were required to adjust their dispositions to the new normal resulting in new behaviors. The customer behaviour in financial services was also impacted and especially in developing economies as people were required to move to digital financial platforms at haste. In recent times, Fintech services are on a steady rise globally but their presence in the emerging markets is in a nascent stage and adoption by the low-income segment customers has largely been elusive. Much work is required to understand the needs of this customer cohort to identify factors for product adoption. This study investigates the impact on financial behavior among low-income segment customers for Fintech services due to the pandemic. By testing a set of hypotheses regarding inclination to adopt Fintech the study presents prominent antecedents such as fear, social influence, awareness and trust that led to positive product adoption. The study discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of the study and presents direction for future research.

scholarly journals A Multilevel Examination of Peer Victimization and Bullying Preventions in Schools

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seokjin Jeong ◽  
Byung Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Bullying Prevention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Bullying Prevention Programs ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

The goal of this study is twofold: (i) to develop an explanatory model to examine the relationship between school environment/climate and peer victimization and (ii) to determine whether previous models of preventive strategies in a single school or district could be expanded to the nationally representative sample of adolescents across multiple schools. The analyses in the current study are based on data from the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2005-2006 US study, and the sample consists of 7,001 students from 195 different schools. The findings reveal that students attending schools in which bullying prevention programs are implemented are more likely to have experienced peer victimization, compared to those attending schools without bullying prevention. Study limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Blackleg in cattle: current understanding and future research needs

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Estel Ziech ◽  
Leticia Trevisan Gressler ◽  
Joachim Frey ◽  
Agueda Castagna de Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Clostridium Chauvoei

ABSTRACT: Blackleg is an endogenous acute infection that principally affects cattle, whose etiologic agent is the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium chauvoei. In recent years, the major virulence factors of C. chauvoei have been discovered and described. However, the pathogenesis of blackleg in cattle, and in particular, the movement of the pathogen from the point of entry to the affected tissues is not yet fully elucidated. Disease control is based on appropriate management and vaccination. This review summarizes the latest research findings that contribute toward the understanding of the disease in cattle, provide a foundation to preventive strategies, and identify future research needs.

Parasite defense mechanisms in bees: behavior, immunity, antimicrobials, and symbionts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Fowler ◽  
Rebecca E. Irwin ◽  
Lynn S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immune Priming ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
And Function ◽  
Solitary Species

Parasites are linked to the decline of some bee populations; thus, understanding defense mechanisms has important implications for bee health. Recent advances have improved our understanding of factors mediating bee health ranging from molecular to landscape scales, but often as disparate literatures. Here, we bring together these fields and summarize our current understanding of bee defense mechanisms including immunity, immunization, and transgenerational immune priming in social and solitary species. Additionally, the characterization of microbial diversity and function in some bee taxa has shed light on the importance of microbes for bee health, but we lack information that links microbial communities to parasite infection in most bee species. Studies are beginning to identify how bee defense mechanisms are affected by stressors such as poor-quality diets and pesticides, but further research on this topic is needed. We discuss how integrating research on host traits, microbial partners, and nutrition, as well as improving our knowledge base on wild and semi-social bees, will help inform future research, conservation efforts, and management.

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