British Military Reform during the Administration of Lord Grey, 1830–1834

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Philip Dwight Jones
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Financial Reform ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Budget ◽  
British Military ◽  
Moral Leader ◽  
Administrative Change ◽  
Commander In Chief

Before gaining office, the members of the Whig-Radical government of 1830 had continually pressed for reform not only of Parliament, but also of the institutions of the kingdom. The reformers complained about numerous branches of royal administration, including the church, the legal profession, and the army. In the years between 1815 and 1830, the army was especially irksome to the parliamentary opposition. As the most expensive item in the national budget and the traditional stronghold of Tory aristocrats with the proper “connexions” it was vulnerable to the favorite opposition demand for “retrenchment and reform.”During the reform government's tenure of office from 1830 to 1834, relations between the Commander in Chief, Lord “Daddy” Hill, and the Prime Minister, Lord Grey, were not good. Lord Hill openly opposed the Reform Bill and other reform measures, often with the support of William IV. Aggravating the mutual hostility between civilian and military authorities was the position of the Duke of Wellington. He stood as the acknowledged moral leader of the army, as well as the official leader of the Tory party.In this tense situation, the Grey government made several attempts at military reform. These were related directly to parliamentary and public demands regarding the army and may be grouped under the headings of financial, administrative, and humanitarian reform. Financial and administrative reform were closely linked in the minds of the reformers, who saw reduced expense as a primary aim of administrative change. For many of the Whigs and Radicals administrative reform, other than reducing offices and expenses, simply meant getting military patronage away from the Tories. This was especially important since Tory control of military appointments since the 1790's had made the army into a Tory institution. Financial reform usually meant reduction of expense by nearly any means. For the public as well as the parliamentary reformers, one of the most unnecessary expenses was the “dead weight” in the Army Estimates — the pension paid to retired soldiers and the half-pay given to retired officers. Another important objective of financial reform was destruction of the army sinecure system. Finally, the most popular and almost the onlv demand for humanitarian reform was the campaign against corporal punishment.

IDENTIFY PROBLEM ISSUES OF SELF-ORDERED DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Igor Yurievich Rodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Power ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Interaction System ◽  
Power Hierarchy

The problematic issues of the development of self-ordering mechanisms in the public administration system are determined, with observance of their division into institutional, functional and evolutionary parts. The institutional part includes self-regulation mechanisms implemented in the models of subject-subject interaction at the levels of higher, central and local government bodies, as well as in models of object-object interaction between them. The most important in the institutional part of self-governing mechanisms are those that ensure: the separation of powers between branches of government; administrative reform of the government structure; separation of public spheres of government between central government bodies; administrative reform of the structure of central executive bodies; delimitation of territorial spheres of government between local authorities; administrative-territorial reform; formation and implementation of the structure of the power hierarchy; administrative reform of the structure of the power hierarchy. The functional part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — social sphere, industry and relations”. The most important parts of the mechanisms of self-regulation are those that ensure: the formation and implementation of state policies in various spheres of society; formation and implementation of national projects; formation and implementation of state target programs; state budgeting. The evolutionary part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — the creation of conditions for social development”. The most important parts of the evolutionary part of self-governing mechanisms are those that provide: strategic management and planning; realization of state programs of social and economic development; conducting constant economic and social reforms and transformations.

scholarly journals The Public Management Reform in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Sergiu-Vlad Stan ◽  
◽  
Marius-Anton Stupar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Management Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reform Strategy ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Eu

Romania's accession to the EU depended largely on the ability of Romanian public authorities to implement reforms among public organizations in the country. Globally, however, a successful public administration has become a key factor in determining a nation's competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the efforts of the Romanian public administration to submit to the process of administrative reform and as a consequence to contribute to the creation of an administrative reform strategy based on which Romanian public organizations can be reformed.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN APBN DAN POLITIK ANGGARAN DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

ALQALAM ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
AAN JAELANI
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Budget ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
General Revenue ◽  
The Government

The development policy in the reformation era gives priority to the paradigm of human development that puts people as the development actors and places local economy as a vehicle for community welfare. However, the government policy as stated in the national budget precisely contradicts with the role of government that should create the community welfare. This study uses the qualitative approach by using historical and verstehen methods. The management of the national budget shows the existence of the government's role in regulating the sources of general revenue and expenditure budget. The practices of the state financial management used for development purposes to create the public welfare have been conducted since the time of Prophet Muhammad. The management of the national budget in the reformation era uses performance-based budget structure that aims to improve the performance of government with good governance that requires the effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, and accountabilicy in its management. However, the abuse of the budget in the form of corruption still occurs in the management of this national budget. Key words: National Budget, Budget-Politics, Corruption, Islamic Economy.

«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-177
Author(s):  
M. V. Belov ◽  
S. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Model ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Politics ◽  
British Military ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
National Reconciliation ◽  
Official Status

The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military administration. Among them prevailed the members of Croatian Ustasha and Slovene Home Guard, but there were also representatives of other nationalities of Yugoslavia. Soon after the war all the victims of the massacres that took place in 1945 and those who died from hunger and illness during the transfer were Croatized through the efforts of the Croatian emigration. After the collapse of Yugoslavia and during the war (1991–1995), the Bleiburg myth began to acquire official status. The return of Ustasha soldiers as heroes to the public sphere under F. Tudjman was due to the concept of «national reconciliation», which was carried out not through awareness of guilt and acceptance of responsibility for the crimes committed, but through their full or partial justification.The first part of the article reviews the research literature on the Bleiburg myth, the stages of its formation and functional significance. The second part examines the public debate around the Sarajevo mass for the murdered and other commemorative events in the anniversary in May 2020. They are compared with the evaluations of the Bleiburg narrative-ritual complex expressed in the literature.The 75th anniversary of Bleiburg commemorated in an atmosphere of fatigue from the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic and on the eve of the Croatian parliamentary elections, demonstrated deep social division, the contested character of history and the political interest in discussing this tragedy. Comparison of the research literature with publications in the mass press indicates the obviousness of the functional model of the Bleiburg myth for a significant segment of Croatian society. Although the demand for renewal of the memorial repertoire seems to have increased, it is still not enough for the transition to the new politics of memory.

IDENTIFY PROBLEM ISSUES OF SELF-ORDERED DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Igor Yurievich Rodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Power ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Interaction System ◽  
Power Hierarchy

The problematic issues of the development of self-ordering mecha- nisms in the public administration system are determined, with observance of their division into institutional, functional and evolutionary parts.The institutional part includes self-regulation mechanisms implemented in the models of subject-subject interaction at the levels of higher, central and lo- cal government bodies, as well as in models of object-object interaction between them. The most important in the institutional part of self-governing mechanisms are those that ensure: the separation of powers between branches of government; administrative reform of the government structure; separation of public spheres of government between central government bodies; administrative reform of the structure of central executive bodies; delimitation of territorial spheres of go- vernment between local authorities; administrative-territorial reform; formation and implementation of the structure of the power hierarchy; administrative re- form of the structure of the power hierarchy. The functional part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — social sphere, indus- try and relations”. The most important parts of the mechanisms of self-regulation are those that ensure: the formation and implementation of state policies in vari- ous spheres of society; formation and implementation of national projects; forma- tion and implementation of state target programs; state budgeting.The evolutionary part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — the creation of conditions for social development”. The most important parts of the evolutionary part of self-governing mechanisms are those that provide: strategic management and planning; realization of state programs of social and economic development; conducting constant economic and social reforms and transformations.

The Telehealth Divide

2011 ◽  
pp. 1524-1528
Author(s):  
M. Schmeida ◽  
R. McNeal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Interactive Video ◽  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Life Project ◽  
The Public

In the United States, the public is accessing the Internet to provide information and deliver services, and to interact with citizens, business, and other government agencies (Bimber, 1999; Pardo, 2000; West, 2003, 2004). As with any change between citizen-government interactions, e-government is accompanied by speculation on its impact to both citizen and government. E-government capability of continual service delivery can make government efficient and transparent to the public (Norris, 1999; West, 2003), and more responsive to public needs through fast and convenient communication options (Thomas & Streib, 2003). It permits quicker material update than traditional distribution methods (Pardo, 2000). However, other literature suggests e-government will not live up to these prospects. A separation exists among citizens that use and do not use the Internet. This separation is based on a number of factors, including inequalities in Internet access “digital divide” and technological skills, along with psychological and cultural barriers. Literature extensively shows the differences in United States Internet use to fall along important socioeconomic and demographic factors, such as age, race, education, and income (Mossberger, Tolbert, & Stansbury, 2003; Neu, Anderson, & Bikson, 1999; Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2003c; U.S. Department of Commerce, 2002; Wilheim, 2000). E-government may create inequalities in the delivery of government information and services. Telehealth is a specific form of e-government aimed at improving the accessibility and quality of healthcare, and reducing service costs (Schmeida, 2004a). It relies on electronic information and telecommunication technology innovation (H.R. 2157, 2001). As nations contend with expensive healthcare, the promise of better healthcare service delivery at a reduced cost has made teleheath an increasingly attractive policy option in the United States and internationally. Telehealth advancement greatly reflects the dramatic changes in the telecommunication industry. In the 1990s, we witnessed considerable advancement, such as the use of digital technology—interactive video and Internet. Interactive video, for example, can link doctors and medical students afar improving medical education. Rural citizens can interact with specialist(s) through interactive video rather than traveling great distances for a medical consultation. The Internet can bring health related information into the home for better healthcare decision-making. Telehealth can be conceptualized as both an administrative reform policy and regulatory policy. As a hybrid policy type, it mostly exhibits the characteristics of administrative reform, such as e-government (McNeal, Tolbert, Mossberger, & Dotterweich, 2003; Schmeida, McNeal, & Mossberger, 2004) driven by the goals of cost reduction and increasing efficiency, paramount to telehealth adoption and implementation. Administrative reform policy does not involve the direct and coercive use of government power over citizens and are therefore associated with low levels of conflict (Ripley & Franklin, 1980). Regulatory policy, on the other hand tends to be politically salient among citizens as well as controversial among the actors within the policy community. Traditionally, those interests who are regulated have been important players in the policy process. Important telehealth players are physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and health insurers. Since telehealth straddles both administrative and reform policy areas, it is difficult to predict the actors that will play the greatest role in assisting or impeding its implementation. Execution of regulatory policy is highly volatile and controversial with shifting of alliances and players. However, administrative policy innovations are low salience, and as some regulatory policies it involves technical issues, often driven by professional networks and elected officials.

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