Aristotle (and Heidegger) on Natural Movement and the Drive Force of Living Beings

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-46
Keyword(s):  
Drive Force ◽  
Natural Movement

scholarly journals The Adaptive Power of Ammophila arenaria: Biomimetic Study, Systematic Observation, Parametric Design, and Experimental Tests with Bimetal

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Tarciana Araújo Brito de Andrade ◽  
José Nuno Dinis Cabral Beirão ◽  
Amilton José Vieira de Arruda ◽  
Cristina Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Biomimetic Approach ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Adaptive Power ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Opening And Closing

The aim of our study was to apply a biomimetic approach, inspired by the Ammophila arenaria. This organism possesses a reversible leaf opening and closing mechanism that responds to water and salt stress (hydronastic movement). We adopted a problem-based biomimetic methodology in three stages: (i) two observation studies; (ii) how to abstract and develop a parametric model to simulate the leaf movement; and (iii) experiments with bimetal, a smart material that curls up when heated. We added creases to the bimetal active layer in analogy to the position of bulliform cells. These cells determine the leaf-closing pattern. The experiments demonstrated that creases influence and can change the direction of the bimetal natural movement. Thus, it is possible to replicate the Ammophila arenaria leaf-rolling mechanism in response to temperature variation and solar radiation in the bimetal. In future works, we will be able to propose responsive facade solutions based on these results.

DEMOGRAPHIC CRISIS IN UKRAINE: STATE, CONSEQUENCES AND PROSPECTS OF OVERCOMING IT

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
IRYNA KRAVETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Natural Movement

The article analyzes the demographic situation in Ukraine, which has acquired signs of a demographic crisis. There has been an unprecedented decline in Ukraine’s population, which has lost a fifth in the years since independence. The current trends of population decline in the regional context have been studied. It is established that the prospects of depopulation are quite disappointing, given the low overall fertility rate, as well as the predominance of mortality over fertility. The natural movement of the population has been studied, the main causes of its high mortality, especially in working age, due to increased morbidity, in particular the high prevalence of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases, which form more than 80% of mortality in Ukraine, under the influence of endogenous, exogenous and quasi-endogenous factors. The causes of low birth rate, as well as modern features and orientations of reproductive behavior of the population are revealed. In Ukraine, there is a tendency of low life expectancy and population aging compared to some European countries. It is concluded that under such conditions large-scale depopulation will be inevitable. The peculiarities of modern migration processes, in particular labor migration, which can give impetus to alternative migration, have been clarified. The interaction of demographic processes and socio-economic development of the country is determined. Ways to overcome the demographic crisis are a set of demographic measures (organization and conduct of the census, which was not conducted for two decades, the formation of population registers, increasing financial assistance to mothers at birth in accordance with modern requirements, etc.) and socio-economic measures to strengthen reproductive behavior, flexible employment for childbirth and child rearing, improving the level and quality of life of citizens, increasing work motivation in Ukraine, social protection of citizens, etc.

The Laws of Natural Movement

Simplexity ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Alain Berthoz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Movement

scholarly journals Demographic and social degradation in the Lubelskie Voivodeship as a peripheral area of East Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (41) ◽  
pp. 7-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Flaga ◽  
Monika Wesołowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Post War ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Eastern regions of Poland are regarded as areas where numerous unfavourable socio-economic phenomena appear and accumulate. These are the results of historical conditions as well as post-war border localization and various processes, primarily in terms of economy. The consequences of the political transformation of the state in the 1990s and profound social and economic changes in recent decades are also crucial drivers of many disadvantageous changes in the region. The article shows population processes which can be recognized nowadays in Eastern Poland, and the attention of the authors is focused on the peripheral rural areas of the region. General tendencies reported in the text are based on the cases from the Lubelskie Voivodeship where concentration of the demographic and social problems is particularly noticeable. The analyses comprise changes of population growth and its components (natural movement and migration), population structures as well as some characteristics concerning the quality and conditions of inhabitants’ lives. The main causes of negative processes shaping the population, including domestic, regional and micro-regional factors, are also presented. The final part of the article deals with the most important outcomes of population changes which are reflected in the progressing ageing of society, the decline of villages and social infrastructure, among other facts. These unfavourable phenomena are shown in the context of the future development of the region.

scholarly journals Developing a route filtering system for street network development by integrating GIS and space syntax: a case study from tehran, Iran

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Rismanchian 1 ◽  
Simon Bell 1 ◽  
Safoora Mokhtarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Deprived Neighbourhoods ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Spatial Isolation ◽  
Low Income Families

Throughout the urban development process over the last seven decades in Tehran, Iran many self-generated neighbourhoods have developed, in which the majority of the residents are low-income families. The main spatial attribute of these deprived neighbourhoods in space syntax terms is spatial isolation from the surrounding, more affluent areas, which is accompanied by inadequate urban infrastructure and a lack of accessibility and permeability. This paper discusses a method of developing a route filtering system for identifying the most suitable streets for the creation of a pedestrian-friendly network, using an example of a deprived area, in order to integrate it with the surrounding urban fabric. The theory of ‘Natural Movement’ formed the basis of the research, the spatial pattern being analysed through Space Syntax using Depthmap software and GIS. The results showed that it is possible to identify the underlying spatial pattern using this approach and this could form a very cost effective basis for developing a pedestrian friendly street network, in order to release the deprived area from its spatial isolation. 

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and ethnic homogenization of population in Serbia

2011 ◽  
pp. 381-394
Author(s):  
Nada Raduski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
National Affiliation ◽  
The Impact

In the article is going to presented the ethnic picture of the population of the Serbia and the ethnodemographic changes in period 1991-2002, caused by migration, natural movement, changed declaration on national affiliation, as well as some political and socio-economic factors. Ethnocentric migrations (voluntary and forced) primarily influenced on the change of ethnic structure of the Serbia, in the sense of creating nationally more homogeneous region, having in mind the national structure of refugee- population. On the other side, the emigration of some other nationalities which migrated to their mother countries due to political and economic reasons influenced on the ethnic structure, too. Spatial distribution of population according to nationality is an important aspect of demographic development conditioned primarily by ethnically differentiated natural growth and migrations, but also with the impact of numerous other factors. In Serbia is present an exceptional concentration and homogenization of population of certain nationalities. Due to specific territorial distribution and ethnic domination of relevant national minorities in border parts of the country, the question of their status and territorial-political organization gives special severity and significance to the minority question in Serbia. Having in mind that Serbia is a multiethnic and multiconfessional state, the protection of minorities rights and good inter-ethnic relations are necessary for peace, stability and democratic development of the Serbia and the Balkans region.

scholarly journals Visual Responses of Mosquitoes Artificially Rendered Flightless

1947 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 64-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. RAMACHANDRA RAO
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Negative Phototaxis ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Light Reduction ◽  
Vertical Band ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Turning Response ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Black Band

Most females of Anopheles maculipennis and Culex molestus which had been rendered flightless by removal of wings or by sticking the wings together, tended to move towards a black vertical band when it was presented to them in an arena uniformly illuminated from below. The narrowest width of the band to which they could consistently respond was 0.5 cm. at a distance of 3.5 cm. corresponding to an angle of about 8°. When the edge of a wide black band was exactly in front of the mosquito or at about 45° to one side the movement towards it was consistent, but when the band was placed more and more posteriorly consistency of the responses progressively decreased. When offered simultaneously two black bands of equal or different widths the movement was to one of them. If a new band came into the view when the mosquito was already moving towards another, a turning response towards the new one took place very frequently. Unilaterally blinded specimens performed circus movements in uniform light. When a narrow black band came into the visual field of the functional eye there was an immediate turning response towards it. The negative phototaxis continued even at and after dusk at a time when flying mosquitoes were showing natural movement towards the evening light. Reduction of intensity of illumination and also the natural fading of the light at dusk both failed to bring about a reversal of response. For some undetermined reason mosquitoes rendered flightless always tend to move away from light. The mechanism of orientation seems to be in conformity with current ideas of negative phototropotaxis. No evidence of a photohorotaxis was secured.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF UKRAINE: NATURAL MOVEMENT AND POPULATION REPRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Svydlo ◽  
◽  
Iryna Sierova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Due to the difficult socio-economic situation and worsening of demographic situation, including the consequences of hostilities and ongoing occupation of the part of Ukraine, today the importance of population study and the research on the factors influencing its changes is increasing. During the study of demographic processes on the basis of a thorough analysis, strategic decisions relevant to the use and reproduction of the country's labour potential, stimulation of the birth rate, reduction of mortality, increase of natural population growth, prevention of depopulation processes, providing effective employment and improvement of social protection of the people are made. The demographic factor is one of the determinants for ensuring sustainable and safe development of the country, and the issue of demographic development should be considered as a factor and at the same time as a result of the functioning of the state. The main purpose of the study is to identify trends in the changes of the main indicators characterizing demographic processes in the country. Methodologically and informationally, this paper is based on the scientific works, the materials from reccurent publications and Internet, the laws and regula-tions and the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The methods used in the study are structural and dynamic analysis, comparison and generalization of the data collected by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. During a study of a phenomenon or a process, first of all, the categorical apparatus is determined. Based on the purpose of the study, the concept of reproduction and natural movement of the population is defined and their theoretical description is given. This paper considers the reproduction of the population as the historically and socio-economically conditioned process of constant and continuous renewal of hu-man generations. Since the natural movement of the population is a process analysis of the birth and death of people, this paper considers such types of population reproduction as archetype, traditional type, transitional type and modern type. For the analysis of the natural movement of the population as a component of demographic safety, the following indicators were evaluated: average life expectancy at birth; depopulation rate; the overall mortality rate of the country's population; in-fant mortality (child mortality up to the age of 1); total birth rate; net reproduction rate; marriage rate; divorce rate. The findings of the analysis show that the main rea-son of the worsening of demographic situation is decrease in the birth rate and in-crease in the mortality rate. Currently, the birth rate in Ukraine is largely limited by both economic factors (insufficient wages, shortage of jobs) and social factors (changes in reproductive habits and norms expressed in the popularity of single-parent families). The analysis revealed socio-economic factors influencing the demo-graphic situation in Ukraine.

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