Prevalence of Rosacea in Community Settings

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Moustafa ◽  
Dennis Hopkinson ◽  
Karen E. Huang ◽  
Steve Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Community Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Ocular Rosacea ◽  
The Subject

Background The prevalence of rosacea is poorly characterized. Because selection bias may affect prevalence estimates, there is a need to characterize the prevalence of rosacea outside the clinic setting. Objective To assess the prevalence of rosacea in community settings. Methods A clinical research fellow and a medical student stood in public places (a mall, the Department of Motor Vehicles, a grocery store) and examined consecutive individuals who passed by ≤ 2 yards away. They tallied demographic and descriptive data on the subject and included the subject in one of three categories: clearly rosacea, possible rosacea, and definitely no rosacea. Subanalyses by perceived gender, age, race, and rosacea subtype were also performed. Comparisons between groups were made using the Fisher exact test. Results Considering the prevalence of rosacea among all observed individuals in the community setting, 5.4% (95% CI 3.6-7.8) of individuals had “possible” rosacea and 6% (95% CI 4.1-8.5) of individuals had “definite” rosacea. Older, white individuals with fairer skin types (Fitzpatrick skin types I, II, and III) were more likely to have rosacea. There was no gender predisposition. Limitations Distance from subjects made it difficult to assess patients with mild rosacea or a few telangiectasias, as well as ocular rosacea. The study could not assess those individuals who were too embarrassed by their rosacea to be in the public settings observed. Additionally, some subjects may have applied significant makeup in an effort to conceal their rosacea, making assessment difficult. Conclusions Based on direct observation of individuals in community settings, rosacea is more common than previously reported in the United States.

Electronic cigarettes: How confident and effective are allergists, pulmonologists, and primary care physicians in their practice behavior?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Sherry S. Zhou ◽  
Alan P. Baptist
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
Tobacco Cigarette ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Personal Use

Background: There has been a striking increase in electronic cigarette (EC) use in the United States. The beliefs and practices toward ECs among physicians are unknown. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate EC practice patterns among allergists, pulmonologists, and primary care physicians. Methods: An anonymous survey was sent to physicians. The survey contained 32 questions and addressed issues related to demographics, cessation counseling behaviors, personal use, and knowledge and beliefs about ECs. Statistical analysis was performed by using analysis of variance, the Pearson χ2 test, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 291 physicians completed the survey (222 primary care physicians, 33 pulmonologists, and 36 allergists) for a response rate of 46%. The allergists asked about tobacco cigarette use as frequently as did the pulmonologists and more than the primary care physicians (p < 0.001), but they rarely asked about EC use. The pulmonologists scored highest on self-reported knowledge on ECs, although all the groups answered <40% of the questions correctly. The allergists did not feel as comfortable about providing EC cessation counseling as did the pulmonologists and primary care physicians (p < 0.001). All three groups were equally unlikely to recommend ECs as a cessation tool for tobacco cigarette users. Conclusion: Allergists lacked knowledge and confidence in providing education and cessation counseling for EC users. As the number of patients who use these products continues to increase, there is an urgent need for all physicians to be comfortable and knowledgeable with counseling about ECs.

Characteristics of Physician Relocation Following Hurricane Katrina

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Kusuma Madamala ◽  
Claudia R. Campbell ◽  
Edbert B. Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh ◽  
James James
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction: On Aug. 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall along the Gulf Coast of the United States, resulting in the evacuation of more than 1.5 million people, including nearly 6000 physicians. This article examines the relocation patterns of physicians following the storm, determines the impact that the disaster had on their lives and practices, and identifies lessons learned. Methods: An Internet-based survey was conducted among licensed physicians reporting addresses within Federal Emergency Management Agency-designated disaster zones in Louisiana and Mississippi. Descriptive data analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with physician nonreturn to original practice. For those remaining relocated out of state, bivariate analysis with x2 or Fisher exact test was used to determine factors associated with plans to return to original practice. Results: A total of 312 eligible responses were collected. Among disaster zone respondents, 85.6 percent lived in Louisiana and 14.4 percent resided in Mississippi before the hurricane struck. By spring 2006, 75.6 percent (n = 236) of the respondents had returned to their original homes, whereas 24.4 percent (n = 76) remained displaced. Factors associated with nonreturn to original employment included family or general medicine practice (OR 0.42, 95 percent CI 0.17–1.04; P = .059) and severe or complete damage to the workplace (OR 0.24, 95 percent CI 0.13–0.42; P &lt; .001). Conclusions: A sizeable proportion of physicians remain displaced after Hurricane Katrina, along with a lasting decrease in the number of physicians serving in the areas affected by the disaster. Programs designed to address identified physician needs in the aftermath of the storm may give confidence to displaced physicians to return.

Environmental Demands Associated With Community Mobility in Older Adults With and Without Mobility Disabilities

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 670-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Shumway-Cook ◽  
Aftab E Patla ◽  
Anita Stewart ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Marcia A Ciol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Mobility Function ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Trip Frequency

Abstract Background and Purpose. In this study, the influence of 8 dimensions of the physical environment on mobility in older adults with and without mobility disability was measured. This was done in order to identify environmental factors that contribute to mobility disability. Subjects. Subjects were 36 older adults (≥70 years of age) who were recruited from 2 geographic sites (Seattle, Wash, and Waterloo, Ontario, Canada) and were grouped according to level of mobility function (physically able [ability to walk ½ mile (0.8 km) or climb stairs without assistance], physically disabled). Methods. Subjects were observed and videotaped during 3 trips into the community (trip to grocery store, physician visit, recreational trip). Frequency of encounters with environmental features within each of the 8 dimensions was recorded. Differences in baseline characteristics and environmental encounters were analyzed using an analysis of variance or the Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Results. Mobility disability among older adults was not associated with a uniform decrease in encounters with environmental challenges across all dimensions. Environmental dimensions that differed between subjects who were physically able and those with physical disability included temporal factors, physical load, terrain, and postural transition. Dimensions that were not different included distance, density, ambient conditions (eg, light levels and weather conditions), and attentional demands. Discussion and Conclusion. Understanding the relationship of the environment to mobility is crucial to both prevention and rehabilitation of mobility disability in older adults. Among older adults, certain dimensions of the environment may disable community mobility more than others.

E-Cigarette Advice to Patients From Physicians and Dentists in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Drouin ◽  
Robert C. McMillen ◽  
Jonathan D. Klein ◽  
Jonathan P. Winickoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Past ◽  
Random Digit Dialing ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose: To report on adults’ recall of discussion by physicians and dentists about e-cigarettes. Design: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey (Internet and random digit dialing) in the United States. Participants: Adults who ever used e-cigarettes. Measures: Participant-reported discussion about the potential benefits and harms of e-cigarettes with their doctor, dentist, or child’s doctor in the past 12 months. Analysis: Fisher exact test for the analysis between benefits and harms for each type of provider and for rates of advice between provider types. Results: Among the 3030 adults who completed the survey, 523 (17.2%) had ever used e-cigarettes. Of those who had seen their doctor, dentist, or child’s doctor in the last year, 7.3%, 1.7%, and 10.1%, respectively, reported discussing potential harms of e-cigarettes. Conversely, 5.8%, 1.7%, and 9.3% of patients who had seen their doctor, dentist, or child’s doctor in the last year reported that the clinician discussed the potential benefits of e-cigarettes. Each clinician type was as likely to discuss harms as benefits. Rates of advice were similar between doctors and child’s doctors but lower for dentists. Rates were comparable when the analysis was limited to current e-cigarette users, participants with children, or those who reported using both e-cigarettes and combusted tobacco. Conclusions: Few physicians and dentists discuss either the harms or benefits of e-cigarettes with their patients. These data suggest an opportunity to educate, train, and provide resources for physicians and dentists about e-cigarettes and their use.

scholarly journals Exploring the publications in three major orthodontic journals: A comparative analysis of two 5-year periods

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Baumgartner ◽  
Nikolaos Pandis ◽  
Theodore Eliades
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the types of articles and authorship characteristics of three orthodontic journals—American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO), The Angle Orthodontist (AO), and European Journal of Orthodontics (EJO)—published between 2008 and 2012 and to assess the differences in content within this period and an earlier period of 1998 to 2002. Materials and Methods: Each journal's content was accessed through the web edition. From each article, the following parameters were recorded: article type, number of authors, number of affiliations, source of article (referring to the first author's affiliation), and geographic origin. Descriptive statistics were performed and selected parameters were analyzed with the Pearson chi-square or Fisher exact test for independence at the .05 level of significance. Results: Review of differences between the two periods showed that the number of publications was almost double. The percentages of multi-authored articles increased. Fewer studies derived from the United States/Canada and European Union countries. Increases for articles from non–European Union countries, Asia, and other countries were found. Characteristics of the second period showed that the EJO and AO published more research articles, whereas the AJODO regularly published case reports and other articles. Approximately 75% of all studies derived from orthodontic departments. Conclusions: The publications from 1998–2002 and 2008–2012 were significantly different both in terms of numbers and characteristics. Within 2008–2012 there were notable differences between the three journals concerning the type and origin of the publications.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF MINI OUTBREAKS OF MUMPS AT SOUTH KASHMIR, PULWAMA, INDIA 2007-2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Arshad Syed Andrabi H. ◽  
Hamid Shamila ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Zahoor Ahamad Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Rural Patients ◽  
Biostatistical Analysis

Abstract Background prior to design: Limited outbreaks of mumps do occur in schools and crèches and other public places throughout the globe especially in developing countries like India, despite the introduction of MMR vaccine in 1967-1968. Same is the case with South Kashmir where almost every year mini-epidemics of Mumps do occur which however remain unnoticed, unreported and unnotified. Design: It was a Hospital based Observational study, carried out from the year 2007 to 2011. Objective: To find the epidemiologic pattern and clinical presentation of mumps in patients attending a tropical medical unit of Multispecialty hospital(DHP) at South Kashmir, Pulwama, India. Material & Methods: All Children fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of Mumps were recruited in this study from 2007-2011.Their characteristics, the pattern of clinical features were noted besides information regarding history, place, season, month and year of occurrence of disease was collected from the parents of affected children. All these parameters were noted down by a senior internist and infectionlogist of the department,using well-structured proforma. The data so collected was subjected to biostatistical analysis using Fisher exact test and SPSS version 12. Results: A total of 55 patients were included in the study. All the children had h/o contact with, raw/ semiripened walnuts. Males were 36 and female were 19 in number. None had received any form of mumps/MMR vaccination. All the patients presented in hot summer and in the month of august showing a seasonal trend annually. Bilateral parotitis, a hallmark of mumps was present in all patients. Rural patients usually presented with mild fever.Earache was mainly present in younger age - groups These findings were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Out of 55 children, orchitis was seen only in one child. CONCLUSION: Mini-epidemics of mumps occur more frequently in south Kashmir and effect our school children and hamper work output.It can be best prevented by inclusion of mumps/MMR vaccine in national immunization schedule.

scholarly journals Korelasi teknik pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dengan kejadian perdarahan post partum

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Suprapti Suprapti
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
The Relationship

Early breastfeeding is an initial activity in providing breast milk to babies which have the advantage on the health of your baby's growth and development and fostering ties of affection between mother and baby. Early breastfeeding is also an effort to increase the contractions of the uterus that can reduce the occurrence of bleeding. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between technical implementation of IMD with the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage.This research uses analytic observational design by the cross sectional approach. Independent variable is the technical implementation of the IMD and the dependent variable was the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage. The subject of this study was 30. Data was collecting by a checklist and be analyzed using the Fisher Exact Test. The results show that mothers who carry out technical implementation of the corresponding IMD were 21 people (70%) and who carry out technical implementation of the IMD that does not fit as many as 9 people (30%). While mothers who experience postpartum haemorrhage are 3 people (10%) and did not experience postpartum haemorrhage are 27 people (90%). The fisher exact test show score of ρ value was 0.207. So there is no relationship between the technical implementation of the IMD with the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage. So this result can be used as the basis to give the information for the health workers (midwives) about the importance of prevention of postpartum haemorrhage by remaining obediently carry out the standard APN by IMD and by improving human resources through sustainable education, and joining the training for the health care.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Decision of Parents to LP in Pediatric with CNS Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessy Dian Antarini ◽  
Yazid Dimyati ◽  
Nelly Rosdiana ◽  
Isti Ilmiati Fujiati ◽  
Cynthea Prima Destariani
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mother's Education

Lumbal Puncture (LP) is a procedure that can help to diagnosed CNS infection in children. The procedure of LP is a common invasive procedure, but sometimes it had refused by the parents. Furthermore, it can cause a delayed in the diagnosis and affected the prognosis. The subject was the parents of pediatric patients with CNS infection. We have a questionnaire and using Chi-square and Fisher exact test to analyze factors that influenced the parent’s decision of LP procedure. From the parents of 50 children with CNS infection, 19 parents (38%) were refused the LP procedure. Father’s education was related to the refusal of LP procedure with PR 6.64 (95%CI; 8.95-788.08). Mother’s education was related to the refusal of LP procedure with PR 7.69 (95%CI; 3.19-16.24). There was the significant result of the parent's education with the decision of LP procedure.

scholarly journals Identification of Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis-Trans Isomerase-Like 4 as a Disease Causing Gene in Intracranial Aneurysms and its Role in Vertebrate CNS Specific Angiogenesis

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanyeri Barak ◽  
Adife Gulhan Ercan Sencicek ◽  
Danielle F Miyagishima ◽  
Octavian Henegariu ◽  
Ketu Mishra Gorur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Stability ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Exact Test

Abstract INTRODUCTION Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a significant health burden affecting nearly 6 million people in the United States with an estimated prevalence of 3.2% worldwide. Using whole exome sequencing (WES) of 728 European IA cases, we identified damaging mutations in and RNA binding protein peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (PPIL4) in both familial and sporadic IA cases. METHODS We performed WES in 728 European IA cases followed by a mutational burden analysis between IA cases and a European (Finnish + Non-Finnish) control group of 1443 unaffected individuals, and European subjects (non-Finnish + Finnish) in the ExAC and gnomAD databases. Fisher exact test was used to determine the significance of the enrichment of rare (ExAC MAF <0.0001) and deleterious variants consisting of loss of function and deleterious missense mutations (MetSVM-D). Mutant ppil4 lines were generated using Crispr-CAS9 in zebrafish and X.tropicalis. RNA-seq and Slam-Seq were performed to identify transcriptome-wide changes in RNA half-life mediated by PPIL4. RESULTS Burden analysis revealed a significant enrichment of rare and deleterious PPIL4 variants in European IA cases when compared to 1443 controls (OR = INF., Fisher P = 3.17 × 10–4), ExAC (OR = 12.26, Fisher P = 5 × 10–4) or gnomAD (OR = 13.14, Fisher P = 3.4 × 10–4). PPIL4 mutants both in zebrafish and X.tropicalis models displayed cerebral hemorrhage and cerebrovascular simplification. Slam-seq analysis revealed that PPIL4 promotes mRNA stability of the genes implicated in VEGF signaling (FDR = 3.75E-07) and Focal adhesion pathways (FDR = 2.04E-06). CONCLUSION In this study, we identified PPIL4 as a candidate gene in IA pathogenesis and demonstrated morphological and hemodynamic impairment in vivo upon abrogating PPIL4 in 2 vertebrate models. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PPIL4 plays a major role in CNS angiogenesis and IA pathogenesis through promoting mRNA stability of key angiogenesis related genes, emphasizing the role of post-transcriptional RNA modification in cerebrovascular development and pathologies.

scholarly journals Table Saw Injuries: Are Our Safety Features Really Keeping Us Safe?

Hand ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Smith ◽  
Ian Kendrick ◽  
Thomas Huntsman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Tests Of Association ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Knife Blade

Background: Currently, table saws sold in the United States have 3 safety features (riving knife, blade guard, and antikickback device) designed to prevent personal injury; however, these features can hinder the user’s movements and are often disabled or removed. Despite the frequency of table saw injuries, there is relatively limited literature regarding them. Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational study of characteristics associated with injuries incurred while using a table saw. Electronic medical records from Bassett Medical Center were reviewed from 2002 to 2014 to identify patients who sustained table saw injury, and surveys were sent to the patients. Tests of association between survey variables (eg, presence/absence of safety device vs severity of injury) were carried out using chi-square or Fisher exact test. Results: Seventy-three percent of those injured had disabled their safety features or had no safety features present; 27% of those injured had one or more safety features enabled when they sustained the injury. Of those injured, 18% sustained a “mild” injury (skin laceration), 39% sustained a “moderate” injury (nerve or tendon injury), and 43% sustained a “severe” injury (partial or complete amputation). There was no statistically significant association between severity of the injury and presence/absence of safety features. Conclusions: This study highlights 2 major problems with the current safety features: People are dissatisfied with current safety features, disabling them and sustaining injuries, and even when they are enabled, people are still getting injured—suggesting inadequacy of the current features.

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