scholarly journals 3D evaluation of mandibular skeletal changes in juvenile arthritis patients treated with a distraction splint: A retrospective follow-up

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Florinda Otero González ◽  
Thomas Klit Pedersen ◽  
Michel Dalstra ◽  
Troels Herlin ◽  
Carlalberta Verna
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Condylar Displacement

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate three-dimensional (3D) condylar and mandibular growth in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with unilateral temporomandibular joint involvement treated with a distraction splint. Materials and Methods:  Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken for 16 patients with JIA with unilateral TMJ involvement before treatment (T0) and 2 years after treatment (T1). All patients received orthopedic treatment with a distraction splint. Eleven patients without JIA who were undergoing orthodontic treatment without a functional appliance or Class II mechanics and who had taken CBCT scans before and after treatment, served as controls. Reconstructed 3D models of the mandibles at T0 and T1 were superimposed on stable structures. Intra- and intergroup growth differences in condylar and mandibular ramus modifications and growth vector direction of the mandibular ramus were evaluated. Results:  In all patients with JIA there were asymmetric condylar volume, distal and vertical condylar displacement, and ramus length differences that were smaller on the affected side. Condylar displacement was more distal and less vertical in the JIA group than in the control group. A larger distal growth of the condylar head and a more medial rotation of the ramus on the affected side were found in the JIA group. Conclusion:  The orthopedic functional treatment for patients with JIA allows for condylar adaptation and modeling, thereby hindering, although with a widely variable response, a further worsening of the asymmetry. Unilateral affection has a possible influence on the growth of the nonaffected side.

Craniofacial Growth in Children Affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Involving the Temporomandibular Joint: Functional Therapy Management

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampietro Farronato ◽  
Vera Carletti ◽  
Cinzia Maspero ◽  
Davide Farronato ◽  
Lucia Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Craniofacial Growth ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Functional Therapy ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Retrusion ◽  
Posterior Height

The aim of this study was twofold: 1) to asses the effects of a functional appliance on condyles damaged by juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). and 2) to evaluate its ability to reduce alterations in craniofacial development.Study design: Seventy-two JIA patients with temporomandibular involvement, ages ranging between 4 and 16 years, were treated. All of them presented temporomandibular joint involvement. They were treated with an activator and followed for 4 years. Results: At the second examination, it was possible to observe a reduction in mandibular retrusion and in the sagittal discrepancy between mandible and maxilla, a reduction in the angle of divergence, a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, a reduction of the gonial angle, a longer mandibular ramus, a reduction in the discrepancy between anterior and posterior height caused by an increase in posterior height and a forward positioning of the chin. Conclusion: The functional appliance reduces the severity of facial alterations improving mandibular and condylar growth.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional volumetric evaluation of the different mandibular segments using CBCT in patients affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Cavagnetto ◽  
Andrea Abate ◽  
Alberto Caprioglio ◽  
Paolo Cressoni ◽  
Cinzia Maspero
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background There is currently no information on how different mandibular segments are affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The aim of this paper is to assess volumetric differences of different mandibular segments in subjects with unilateral and bilateral JIA and to compare them with non-JIA control volumes. Materials and methods Forty subjects with unilateral TMJ involvement and 48 with bilateral TMJ involvement were selected for the case group and 45 subjects with no known rheumatic comorbidities for the control group. The mandible of each subject was divided according to a validated method into different paired volumes (hemimandible, condyle, ramus and hemibody). Results The ANOVA test revealed a statistically significant difference in all the groups for condylar and ramus volumes, and the pairwise comparison evidenced a statistically significant higher condylar and ramus volume in the control group (1444.47 mm3; 5715.44 mm3) than in the affected side in the unilateral JIA group (929.46 mm3; 4776.31 mm3) and the bilateral JIA group (1068.54 mm3; 5715.44 mm3). Moreover, there was also a higher condylar volume in the unaffected side in the unilateral JIA group (1419.39 mm3; 5566.24 mm3) than in the bilateral JIA group and the affected side in the unilateral JIA group. Conclusions The affected side of unilateral JIA patients showed statistically significant lower volumes in the hemimandible, in the condyle and in the ramus. The largest total mandibular volume was observed in the control group, followed by the unilateral JIA group and, lastly, by the bilateral JIA group.

scholarly journals Herbst appliance effects on pharyngeal airway ventilation evaluated using computational fluid dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonori Iwasaki ◽  
Hideo Sato ◽  
Hokuto Suga ◽  
Ayaka Minami ◽  
Yuushi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Pharyngeal Airway ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of a Herbst appliance on ventilation of the pharyngeal airway (PA) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Materials and Methods: Twenty-one Class II patients (10 boys; mean age, 11.7 years) who required Herbst therapy with edgewise treatment underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after treatment. Nineteen Class I control patients (8 boys; mean age, 11.9 years) received edgewise treatment alone. The pressure and velocity of the PA were compared between the groups using CFD based on three-dimensional CBCT images of the PA. Results: The change in oropharyngeal airway velocity in the Herbst group (1.95 m/s) was significantly larger than that in the control group (0.67 m/s). Similarly, the decrease in laryngopharyngeal airway velocity in the Herbst group (1.37 m/s) was significantly larger than that in the control group (0.57 m/s). Conclusion: The Herbst appliance improves ventilation of the oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal airways. These results may provide a useful assessment of obstructive sleep apnea treatment during growth.

Morphometric analysis of the palatal shape and arch dimension in subjects with palatally displaced canine

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Mucedero ◽  
Matteo Rozzi ◽  
Alessia Milazzo ◽  
Paola Cozza
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Summary Objectives The aim of this study is to analyse the morphological variations of the palate shape and maxillary arch dimension in a group of subjects with unilaterally or bilaterally impacted maxillary canines compared with a control group, using three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometric. Materials The subject of this study consisted of pre-treatment records of 46 (18 males and 28 females) patients with one or both canines palatally displaced. A control group of 26 subjects was selected from a list of orthodontic patients at the same dental hospital. The subjects were divided in two study groups: unilateral palatally displaced canine (UPDC) and bilateral palatally displaced canine (BPDC). Study casts were scanned to analyse the palate’s shape and maxillary arch dimension. The 3D geometric morphometric analysis was used to study the entirety of the shape of the palate. The virtual 3D models were measured with a specific software to analyse the maxillary arch dimension. (VAM, Vectra; Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, New Jersey, USA). Results When comparing the groups with the geometric morphometrics analysis, no significant palatal shape change was found. For the analysis of linear measurements, only a significant reduction of intercanine width was found in the UPDC and BPDC groups when compared with the control subjects. Conclusions Patients with palatally displaced permanent canine showed no maxillary transverse constriction or variation in palatal vault morphology but the absence of permanent teeth was associated with a reduction in the intercanine width.

scholarly journals Sagittal Relationship between the Maxillary Central Incisors and the Forehead in Digital Twins of Korean Adult Females

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Seoung-Won Cho ◽  
Soo-Hwan Byun ◽  
Sangmin Yi ◽  
Won-Seok Jang ◽  
Jong-Cheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Korean Adult

Objective: Digital twins of adult Korean females were created as a tool to evaluate and compare the sagittal relationship between the maxillary central incisors and the forehead before and after orthodontic treatment. Methods: Digital twins were reconstructed for a total of 50 adult female patients using facial scans and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The anteroposterior position of the maxillary central incisor and the forehead inclination were measured. Results: The control group presented a mean of 6.7 mm for the sagittal position and 17.5° for forehead inclination. The study group showed a mean of 9.3 mm for the sagittal position and 13.6° for forehead inclination. Most Korean females seeking orthodontic treatment had their maxillary central incisor anterior to the glabella. In contrast, fewer Korean females who completed their orthodontic treatments had their maxillary central incisor anterior to the glabella. Furthermore, patients who had completed the orthodontic treatment were more likely to have the maxillary central incisor between the forehead facial axis and glabella. Conclusion: The use of digital twins for three-dimensional (3D) analysis of the profile implies a high clinical significance. In addition, as the facial profile of Koreans is different from that of Caucasians, careful consideration should be made when setting treatment goals for the anteroposterior position of the maxillary central incisors.

scholarly journals Short Term Effect of Virtual Reality on Eye Accommodative Ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
3D Movie ◽  
Harmful Effects

Virtual reality (VR) is a fast-growing technology in the world today. Many countries use virtual reality for many purposes such as education, military and entertainment. Despite the benefits of VR, harmful effects of VR on the users are still inconclusive. With only a few reliable studies that investigate the effect of virtual reality on the users especially on the eyes, yet still there are a lot more things we do not know about the effects of VR. The purpose of this study was to compare the amplitude of accommodation before and after watching 3-dimesional (3D) movie utilizing VR and notebook (control group). Thirty-two participants volunteered in this study and all participants underwent amplitude of accommodation (AA) test using Royal Army Force (RAF) rule before and after watching three-dimensional (3D) movie for 30 minutes using VR and two-dimensional (2D) movie by laptop. The amplitude of accommodation between pre- and post-watching 3D movie on VR was insignificantly changed (p= >0.05). The similar trend was also found after 30 minutes watching movie using laptop (p= >0.05). The utilization of VR and laptop for 30 minutes did insignificantly alter the eye accommodation.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular functional units in adult patients with unilateral posterior crossbite: A cone beam study with the use of mirroring and surface-to-surface matching techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalia Leonardi ◽  
Simone Muraglie ◽  
Orazio Bennici ◽  
Costanza Cavallini ◽  
Concetto Spampinato
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Functional Units ◽  
Matching Techniques

ABSTRACT Objectives: To use three-dimensional (3D) mirroring and surface-to-surface techniques to determine any differences in mandibular functional unit shape and morphology between the crossbite side and non-crossbite side in adult patients with posterior unilateral crossbite who had not received any corrective treatment for malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records from 24 consecutive adult white patients (mean age, 27.5 years; range 22.6–39.7 years; 14 women and 10 men) seeking treatment for maxillary transverse deficiency were assessed in this study. The control group comprised CBCT scans from age- and sex-matched patients. Segmentation masks were generated to obtain 3D surface mesh models of the mandibles and analyze the six skeletal functional units, which were further analyzed with reverse engineering software. Results: Statistically significant differences in the mean surface distance when comparing the study sample and the control sample were found at the condylar process, mandibular ramus, angular process (P ≤ .0001), and alveolar process (P ≤ .01); no statistically significant differences were found for the coronoid process, the chin, and the mandibular body (P ≥ .5). Conclusions: The condylar, angular, and alveolar processes plus the mandibular ramus appear to play a more dominant role than did the body, the coronoid, and the chin units in the asymmetry of the mandible in patients with unilateral crossbite.

scholarly journals Compelled Body Weight Shift Technique to Facilitate Rehabilitation of Individuals with Acute Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambit Mohapatra ◽  
Aileen C. Eviota ◽  
Keir L. Ringquist ◽  
Sri Ranjini Muthukrishnan ◽  
Alexander S. Aruin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Weight Shift ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. The study evaluates the effectiveness of Compelled Body Weight Shift (CBWS) approach in the rehabilitation of individuals with stroke. CBWS involves a forced shift of body weight towards a person's affected side by means of a shoe insert that establishes a lift of the nonaffected lower extremity. Methods. Eleven patients with acute stroke were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a two-week conventional physical therapy combined with CBWS and the control group received only a two-week conventional therapy. Weight bearing, Gait velocity, Berg's Balance, and Fugl-Meyer's Scores were recorded before and after the intervention. Results. Weight bearing on the affected side increased in the experimental group and decreased in the control group. The increase in gait velocity with treatment was significant in both the groups . However, experimental group demonstrated larger improvements in gait velocity compared to the control group . Berg Balance and Fugl-Meyer scores increased for both the groups. Conclusion. The implementation of a two-week intervention with CBWS resulted in the improvement in weight bearing and gait velocity of individuals with acute stroke. The present preliminary study suggests that CBWS technique could be implemented as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation program for individuals with acute stroke.

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL ECHOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF CHORION VASCULARIZATION IN 1st TRIMESTER OF GESTATION IN WOMEN WITN THROMBOFILIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
M. A. Asriyants ◽  
O. V. Astafieva ◽  
V. G. Shcherbina
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
Before And After

Aim.Determine the threshold values of quantitative indices of chorionic volume flow in pregnant women with thrombophilia in the first trimester of pregnancy for the prediction of miscarriage and evaluate the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy.Materials and methods.Ultrasound examination of the embryo and extraembryonic structures with volume reconstruction of the chorion and determination of quantitative indices using VOCAL program − vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), vascularization flow index (VFI) in women with thrombophilia from 7th to 10th of the week of gestation.Results.The analysis of the quantitative parameters VI, FI and VFI in pregnant women in the first trimester showed high reliability (p<0.001) in the value of VI and VFI in pregnant women with thrombophilia without treatment and in the pregnant control group, as well as in pregnant women with thrombophilia before and after anticoagulant therapy. Among the most informative parameters for assessing the chorion vascularization in predicting miscarriage VFI≤7,80 has highest value for negative outcome. Index VI due to the very high specificity (SP = 82.6%) better more informative for predicting a favorable outcome.Conclusion.The use of the proposed method allows us to identify a risk group for predicting miscarriage in the first trimester in pregnant women with thrombophilia and promptly prescribe anticoagulant therapy and evaluate its efficiency. 

Upper Primary Students Constructing and Exploring Three Dimensional Shapes: A Comparison of Virtual Reality with Card Nets

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Ainge
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Learning Phase ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Difficulty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Name Writing ◽  
3D Shapes

A grade six/seven class which constructed and explored 3D shapes worlds with the VREAM program was compared with a grade five/six/seven control group which constructed and examined shapes from card nets. Students were tested on visualizing appearance of shapes from alternative viewpoints, recognition of shapes in the environment, and writing shape names, before and after the learning phase. Ease of using Virtual Reality (VR), and student engagement with VR were observed informally. VR had little impact on shape visualization and name writing, but strongly enhanced recognition. Students had no major difficulty in using the VREAM program, and enthusiasm for VR was unanimous and sustained.

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