Treating obesity in type 2 diabetes. Calories, composition, and control

: Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two important risk factors that contribute to cardiovascular diseases worldwide. In Latin America hypertension prevalence varies from 30 to 50%. Moreover, the proportion of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension is very low. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus varies from 8 to 13% and near to 40% are unaware of their condition. In addition, the prevalence of prediabetes varies from 6 to 14% and this condition has been also associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The principal factors linked to a higher risk of hypertension in Latin America are increased adiposity, low muscle strength, unhealthy diet, low physical activity and low education. Besides being chronic conditions, leading causes of cardiovascular mortality, both hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus represent a substantial cost for the weak health systems of Latin American countries. Therefore, is necessary to implement and reinforce public health programs to improve awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in order to reach the mandate of the Unit Nations of decrease the premature mortality for CVD.

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Ayurveda Body–Mind Constitutional Types and Role of Yoga Intervention Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Population of Chandigarh and Panchkula Regions

Annals of Neurosciences ◽

10.1177/09727531211000040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097275312110000

Author(s):

Madhava Sai Sivapuram ◽

Vinod Srivastava ◽

Navneet Kaur ◽

Akshay Anand ◽

Raghuram Nagarathna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Control Groups ◽

Yoga Intervention ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Study Results ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background: Type 2 diabetes needs a better understanding of etiological factors and management strategies based on lifestyle and constitutional factors, given its high association rate with many cardiovascular, neurological disorders, and COVID-19 infection. Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Diabetes-specific integrated Yoga lifestyle Protocol (DYP) on glycemic control and lipid profiles of diabetic adults. Along with the DYP intervention, the individuals residing in Chandigarh and Panchkula union territories in the northern part of India were assessed for Ayurveda-based body–mind constitutional type. Ayurveda describes body–mind constitution as “ prakriti,” which has been discussed from two angles, namely physiological and psychological as body and mind are correlated. Methods: Cluster sampling of waitlist control study subjects was used as the sampling method for the study. A total of 1,215 registered subjects (81 diabetic) responded in randomly selected clusters in Chandigarh and Panchkula. Ayurveda physicians did Ayurveda body–mind constitutional assessment called prakriti assessment (physiological body–mind constitution assessment) in 35 participants (23 diabetic, 12 prediabetic) as a part of the study. Results: A group of 50 subjects was randomly selected for yoga intervention out of 81 diabetes mellitus adults, and 31 subjects were enrolled as waitlist controls. A significant decrease in the glycosylated hemoglobin levels from 8.49 ± 1.94% to 7.97 ± 2.20% in the intervention group was noticed. The lipid profiles of the DYP intervention and control groups were monitored. Three-month follow-up results of lipid profile diagnostic tests in intervention and control groups showed a significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.05). Most diabetic and prediabetic individuals were found to have pitta dosha ( pitta controls all heat, metabolism, and transformation in the mind and body) as dominant constitution type. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated significant positive effects of yoga in diabetic individuals. This study has indicated the evidence for the safety and efficacy of the validated DYP for community-level interventions to prevent maladies like brain damage and stroke.

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Secular Trends in Treatment and Control of Type 2 Diabetes in an American Indian Population: A 30-Year Longitudinal Study

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc10-0678 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 2383-2389 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. C. Looker ◽

J. Krakoff ◽

V. Andre ◽

K. Kobus ◽

R. G. Nelson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

American Indian ◽

Indian Population ◽

Secular Trends ◽

American Indian Population ◽

And Control

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A study on association of polymorphisms in calpain10 and TCF7l2 genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1501161r ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maryam Rezazadeh ◽

Nasim Sohrabifar ◽

Hossein Jafari ◽

Ardabili Mohaddes ◽

Jalal Gharesouran

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Allelic Association ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Control Groups ◽

Type2 Diabetes ◽

North Of Iran ◽

Calpain 10 ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

Polymorphisms of the Calpain10 and TCF7L2 genes were identified as possible type 2 diabetes susceptibility genetic markers. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the relation between SNP43 of calpain-10 and rs12255372 and rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 with type2 diabetes in western-north of Iran. The role of these variants in Iranian population was less clear. A total of 202 patients and healthy controls were enrolled to analysis the frequency distribution of Calpain10 and TCF7L2 polymorphisms (SNP43, rs12255372 and rs7903146) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) method. The frequency of allele A in controls was significantly greater than that of diabetic patients (P=0.031), whereas the difference between distribution of SNP43 genotypes (A/A, A/G, G/G) were non- significant in case and control groups. Non significant association was also observed between G/G, A/G or A/A genotypes and type 2 Diabetes. The frequency of the ?T? allele of rs12255372 (G/T) was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (OR= 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.51; P<0.001). No allelic association was found for rs7903146(C/T) polymorphism. The distribution of alleles in case and control groups are significantly different indicating the G allele is associated with type 2 diabetes. The rs12255372 (G/T) may be associated with type 2 diabetes.

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Screening for type 2 diabetes in the Iranian national programme: a preliminary report

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2003.9.5-6.1122 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (5-6) ◽

pp. 1122-1127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Azizi ◽

M. M. Guoya ◽

P. Vazirian ◽

P. Dolatshati ◽

S. Habbibian

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Pilot Project ◽

National Programme ◽

Large Cities ◽

Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

And Control

Diabetes mellitus is a significant threat to public health. It is estimated that more than 1.5 million people with diabetes live in the Islamic Republic of Iran. We report on the preliminary results of the national programme for the prevention & control of type 2 diabetes which began in 1996. The pilot project has so far been instituted in 17 provinces. Of 595 717 people aged 30 years and over, 247 518 were classed as at risk and 3.6% had diabetes, 4.3% of women and 2.6% of men. Diabetes prevalence varied from 1.3% in rural areas to 14.5% in large cities. Early detection and control strategies are aimed at diminishing the heavy burden of diabetes

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Intermuscular Fat Content in Young Chinese Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Based on MR mDIXON-Quant Quantitative Technique

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2021.536018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Fuyao Yu ◽

Bing He ◽

Li Chen ◽

Fengzhe Wang ◽

Haidong Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fat Content ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Intermuscular Fat ◽

And Control

ObjectiveSkeletal muscle fat content is one of the important contributors to insulin resistance (IR), but its diagnostic value remains unknown, especially in the Chinese population. Therefore, we aimed to analyze differences in skeletal muscle fat content and various functional MRI parameters between diabetic patients and control subjects to evaluate the early indicators of diabetes. In addition, we aimed to investigate the associations among skeletal muscle fat content, magnetic resonance parameters of skeletal muscle function and IR in type 2 diabetic patients and control subjects.MethodsWe enrolled 12 patients (age:29-38 years, BMI: 25-28 kg/m2) who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (intravenous plasma glucose concentration≥11.1mmol/l or fasting blood glucose concentration≥7.0mmol/l) together with 12 control subjects as the control group (age: 26-33 years, BMI: 21-28 kg/m2). Fasting blood samples were collected for the measurement of glucose, insulin, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG2h), and glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc). The magnetic resonance scan of the lower extremity and abdomen was performed, which can evaluate visceral fat content as well as skeletal muscle metabolism and function through transverse relaxation times (T2), fraction anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.ResultsWe found a significant difference in intermuscular fat (IMAT) between the diabetes group and the control group (p<0.05), the ratio of IMAT in thigh muscles of diabetes group was higher than that of control group. In the entire cohort, IMAT was positively correlated with HOMA-IR, HbAlc, T2, and FA, and the T2 value was correlated with HOMA-IR, PBG2h and HbAlc (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in T2 and FA values between the diabetes group and the control group (p<0.05). According to the ROC, assuming 8.85% of IMAT as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of IMAT were 100% and 83.3%, respectively. Assuming 39.25ms as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of T2 value were 66.7% and 91.7%, respectively. All the statistical analyses were adjusted for age, BMI and visceral fat content.ConclusionDeposition of IMAT in skeletal muscles seems to be an important determinant for IR in type 2 diabetes. The skeletal muscle IMAT value greater than 8.85% and the T2 value greater than 39.25ms are suggestive of IR.

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A Critical Review on Clinical Manifestations of Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Solution through Physical Activity

International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research ◽

10.47070/ijapr.v9i7.2006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 88-93

Author(s):

Charu Bansal ◽

Rachna Jain ◽

Umesh Shukla ◽

Smita Paul

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

World Health ◽

Health Organization ◽

And Control ◽

Published Research ◽

Healthy Behaviour

Diabesity term recently coined in medical field because of the very close epidemiological and pathogenic associations between central obesity and Type 2DM. Material and Methods: This review is based on data collected from published research works in various journals. Observations and Results: cited based on research reviews to find out risk odds of obesity and physical inactivity and initiation of type 2 diabetes with solutions based on improve physical activity. Conclusion: Counseling would be one of the best strategies to opt physical exercise with moderate and vigorous intensity recommended as world health organization as healthy behaviour to prevent and control of type 2 diabetes. Thus, Present write up is an effort to critically evaluate and assess the published research data on obesity and its association with development of type 2 diabetes and role of Physical exercises for prevention and control of type 2 DM as its solution with research evidences.

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