Polarized Multispectral Imaging for the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
Laura Rey-Barroso ◽  
Francisco J. Burgos-Fernández ◽  
Santiago Royo ◽  
Susana Puig ◽  
Josep Malvehy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

The effective and non-invasive diagnosis of skin cancer is a hot topic in biophotonics since the current gold standard, a biopsy, is slow and costly. Non-invasive optical techniques such as polarization and multispectral imaging have arisen as powerful tools to overcome these constraints. The combination of these techniques provides a comprehensive characterization of skin chromophores including polarization, color and spectral features. Hence, in this work we propose a polarized multispectral imaging device that works from 414 nm to 995 nm and at 0º, 45º and 90º polarization configurations. Preliminary results performed over 20 nevi and 20 melanoma found statistically significant descriptors (p<0.05) that discriminated between these two lesion etiologies. A further analysis of more lesions is expected to contribute in reducing the false positives during the diagnosis process and, as a consequence, the number of necessary biopsies.

scholarly journals Wearable Devices for Assessment of Tremor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basilio Vescio ◽  
Andrea Quattrone ◽  
Rita Nisticò ◽  
Marianna Crasà ◽  
Aldo Quattrone
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Future Developments

Tremor is an impairing symptom associated with several neurological diseases. Some of such diseases are neurodegenerative, and tremor characterization may be of help in differential diagnosis. To date, electromyography (EMG) is the gold standard for the analysis and diagnosis of tremors. In the last decade, however, several studies have been conducted for the validation of different techniques and new, non-invasive, portable, or even wearable devices have been recently proposed as complementary tools to EMG for a better characterization of tremors. Such devices have proven to be useful for monitoring the efficacy of therapies or even aiding in differential diagnosis. The aim of this review is to present systematically such new solutions, trying to highlight their potentialities and limitations, with a hint to future developments.

scholarly journals Multispectral Imaging and p-XRF for the Non-Invasive Characterization of the Anonymous Devotional Painting ‘Maria Santissima delle Grazie’ from Mirabella Imbáccari (Sicily, Italy)

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2320-2336
Author(s):  
Antonella Privitera ◽  
Maria Francesca Alberghina ◽  
Elèna Privitera ◽  
Salvatore Schiavone
Keyword(s):  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Oil Painting ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Madonna And Child

This work presents the results of the in situ, non-invasive diagnostic investigations performed on the canvas oil painting depicting Madonna and Child, venerated as ‘Maria Santissima delle Grazie’ by the local religious community. The work of art (72 cm × 175 cm) is located on the high altar of the main Church in Mirabella Imbáccari, near Catania (Sicily, Italy). The painter is anonymous, and the supposed dating is the late eighteenth century. Although the painting has never been studied before, it has been attributed to a Sicilian workshop in the literature, raising the doubts of the art historian who conducted this study and who hypothesized a Neapolitan manufacture. Furthermore, due to the good conservation state detected by a macroscopic examination, doubts also arose about dating. To shed light on these aspects, a technical-scientific examination proved necessary. Multispectral imaging techniques (IR Reflectography, UV-induced visible Fluorescence, X-ray) are carried out for the study of the execution technique, the identification of underlying remakes, sketch drawing and the evaluation of the conservation conditions. XRF spectrometry analysis is performed for the identification of the chemical elements constituting the pigments (inorganic chromophores). The diagnostic results allowed this research to confirm the dating suggested by the historical-stylistic knowledge and to highlight new technical peculiarities supporting the attribution to a Neapolitan workshop.

scholarly journals Skin cancer screening – better safe than sorry

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Marta Lange ◽  
Emilija Vija Plorina ◽  
Ilze Lihacova ◽  
Aleksandrs Derjabo ◽  
Janis Spigulis
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Seborrheic Keratosis ◽  
Skin Cancer Screening ◽  
Non Invasive

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancers. In Latvia, on average there are approximately 200 new melanoma and 1300 non-melanoma cancer cases per year. Non-melanoma cancers are: Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and others. It is essential to discover skin cancer at an early stage when it is treatable. For this reason, a reliable, non-invasive and quantitative skin cancer screening method is necessary in order to discover skin cancer as early as possible and to help physicians such as general practitioners and dermatologists assign patients to the best treatment as soon as possible. In this article, the current skin cancer incidence as well as the screening situation in Latvia is described and a non-invasive skin screening method is proposed. The results show that this multispectral imaging method with a parameter p′ can distinguish melanoma from melanocytic nevi with sensitivity 75% and specificity 100%. Recommendations on distinguishing henangioma, seborrheic keratosis are described as well.

scholarly journals Shear Wave Elastography in Evaluating Acute Kidney Allograft Dysfunction: Preliminary Results.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Roch ◽  
Fernando García ◽  
María Flores ◽  
Ruben González ◽  
Miguel Cepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Allograft Dysfunction ◽  
Gold Standard Technique

In absence of pharmacological toxicity, allograft dysfunction is usually due to parenchymal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, but its clinical signs are often non-specific and tend to appear when advanced damage has been established. We investigated whether Shear Wave Elastography (SWE), a new non-invasive ultrasound (US) based technique that estimates tissue stiffness, could provide early confident diagnosis of acute allograft dysfunction compared to biopsy (gold standard technique).

Myocarditis: treatment of myocarditis

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1524-1528
Author(s):  
Heinz-Peter Schultheiss ◽  
Felicitas Escher
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Significant Clinical Improvement

Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium causing dilated cardiomyopathy and threatening arrhythmias. It typically results from cardiotropic viral infection followed by an inflammatory destruction of the myocardium. Characterization of myocarditis has been hampered by its heterogeneous clinical presentations and diverse aetiologies. Clinical and non-invasive investigations—including magnetic resonance imaging—are fundamental for the identification of cases of suspected myocarditis. However, the definite diagnosis of myocarditis is provided by histological, immunohistological, and virological analyses of myocardial tissue samples obtained by endomyocardial biopsies. This is the gold standard for the definite diagnosis and the basis for a tailored treatment strategy oriented to the pathophysiological mechanisms. For every clinical decision concerning therapy, one needs an exact knowledge of the quality and intensity of the inflammatory process and/or the type and activity of the viral infection. The evidence-based treatment strategies cover immunosuppressive, immune-modulating, and antiviral strategies. The specific, causal, and personalized treatment adapted to pathophysiological clearly characterized disease forms lead to a significant clinical improvement.

scholarly journals How Many Secret Details Could a Systematic Multi-Analytical Study Reveal About the Mysterious Fresco Trionfo della Morte?

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2370-2383
Author(s):  
Alberghina ◽  
Schiavone ◽  
Greco ◽  
Saladino ◽  
Armetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The “Trionfo della morte” is a detached fresco painting dated at the half of the XV century. Its history is strictly connected with the history of Palermo and it is considered a symbol of the late Gothic period. Some small areas of the fresco were analyzed using a combination of non-invasive techniques and hand-held instrumentations (multispectral imaging analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and IR spectroscopy). The characterization of the nature of pigments used in its realization and restoration works was performed and some indications about its conservation state were obtained. More interestingly, some hidden details were revealed on the mysterious painting. They constitute additional evidence of the preciousness of the fresco.

scholarly journals Optical Technologies for the Improvement of Skin Cancer Diagnosis: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Laura Rey-Barroso ◽  
Sara Peña-Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Yáñez ◽  
Francisco J. Burgos-Fernández ◽  
Meritxell Vilaseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
Large Research

The worldwide incidence of skin cancer has risen rapidly in the last decades, becoming one in three cancers nowadays. Currently, a person has a 4% chance of developing melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, which causes the greatest number of deaths. In the context of increasing incidence and mortality, skin cancer bears a heavy health and economic burden. Nevertheless, the 5-year survival rate for people with skin cancer significantly improves if the disease is detected and treated early. Accordingly, large research efforts have been devoted to achieve early detection and better understanding of the disease, with the aim of reversing the progressive trend of rising incidence and mortality, especially regarding melanoma. This paper reviews a variety of the optical modalities that have been used in the last years in order to improve non-invasive diagnosis of skin cancer, including confocal microscopy, multispectral imaging, three-dimensional topography, optical coherence tomography, polarimetry, self-mixing interferometry, and machine learning algorithms. The basics of each of these technologies together with the most relevant achievements obtained are described, as well as some of the obstacles still to be resolved and milestones to be met.

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