The Quality of Stereo Disparity in the Polar Regions of a Stereo Panorama

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-1-642-6
Author(s):  
Daniel Sandin ◽  
Haoyu Wang ◽  
Ahmad Atra ◽  
Richard A. Ainsworth ◽  
Maxine Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polar Regions ◽  
Stereo Disparity ◽  
Stereo Panorama

Albert L. Operti: chronicler of Arctic exploration

Polar Record ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-293
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Wamsley
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Written Narratives ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
The Public ◽  
Metropolitan Opera ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arctic Exploration

ABSTRACTThe great wave of immigrants to the United States during the late 1800s brought many talented individuals who enriched American culture and society. Notable among them stands the Italian-born artist, Albert L. Operti (1852–1927), a versatile painter, illustrator and sculptor. For much of his professional career, Operti served as a scenic artist for the Metropolitan Opera House and later as an exhibit artist for the American Museum of Natural History. However, he maintained an avid personal interest in polar explorers and the history of polar exploration, ultimately turning his artistic skills to the subject. Operti served as official artist for Robert E. Peary during his Arctic expeditions of 1896 and 1897, producing paintings, drawings and even plaster casts of the Inuit from the expedition. Over the course of his lifetime he painted a number of ‘great’ pictures depicting, in a factually accurate manner, important incidents in Arctic history along with numerous smaller paintings, sketches, illustrations and studies. The quality of his work never rivaled his more talented contemporaries in the field of ‘great’ paintings, such as the prominent artists William Bradford and Frederic Church. Nonetheless, Operti achieved some recognition in his time as a painter of historical Arctic scenes, but the full extent of his contributions are little known and have been largely unexamined. Unlike the explorers themselves whose legacy rests upon geographic or scientific accomplishments and written narratives, Operti's legacy stands upon the body of distinctive artwork that served to convey, in realistic and graphic terms, the hardships and accomplishments of those explorers. This article recounts the life of Operti and his role as an historian in disseminating knowledge of the polar regions and its explorers to the public.

Antarctica and environmental change: closing remarks

1992 ◽  
Vol 338 (1285) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Improved Technology ◽  
The Antarctic

The purpose of this contribution is to summarize the papers and discussions, to bring out the highlights, and to focus on outstanding problems and uncertainties. Sixteen years ago Sir Vivian Fuchs and I organized a similar meeting on research in the Antarctic. Since then there has been an explosion of interest in all branches of environm ental science in this region. There have been major advances in theory, and improved technology made possible by the rapid development of electronics has made data collection and analysis easier; but above all the difference between the two meetings is in the development of large-scale numerical modelling as a tool. Also there has been an increasing realization of the value of comparisons between the two polar regions, which is brought out by the contributions to this meeting. The meeting has been distinguished by the quality of the science, the clarity of exposition and excellent visual presentations. It is also striking how much crossfertilization between disciplines has occurred

scholarly journals TOURIST PROFILE IN POLAR REGIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF VISITORS TO THE HENRYK ARCTOWSKI POLISH ANTARCTIC STATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Anna Wilkońska ◽  
Wojciech Maciejowski ◽  
Marta Damaszke ◽  
Bartłomiej Jerzak ◽  
Radosław Łabno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
First Time ◽  
Constant Interest ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Time Type

Purpose. Presentation of the current situation to the extent of touristic arrivals to Antarctica, in view of measuring the scale and structure of incoming tourism recorded at the Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station (King George Island, South Shetland Islands). Method. The number of persons arriving to the Arctowski Station was measured and subjects interviewed according to a standardised questionnaire. Findings. Research has indicated that there is constant interest in visiting Antarctica. These travellers are mainly people from Europe and North America, in particular seniors, with higher education, professionally active or retired, affluent and usually travelling individually. Research and conclusions limitations. Carrying out measurements regarding the scale and structure of incoming tourism is connected with various limitations, including the way in which such measurements are conducted, the access and quality of source materials or the human factor, i.e. interviewers. Practical implications. This article refers to the latest data concerning the number of persons arriving to the Arctowski Station and the structure of the tourist traffic, whichconstitute basic information for, among others, the tour operators. Originality. The problem involving the scale and structure of tourism, especially in polar regions, is still current and extremely significant due to the importance of the global ecosystem. Research on the structure of incoming tourism to Antarctica, according to the measurements at the Station, has been recently conducted and presented for the first time. Type of paper. In the article, the results of the authors research, similar to those relevant from literature, are presented.

scholarly journals Roald Amundsen's contributions to our knowledge of the magnetic fields of the Earth and the Sun

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
A. Egeland ◽  
C. S. Deehr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Earth’S Magnetic Field ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Earth's Magnetic Field ◽  
Regular Manner

Abstract. Roald Amundsen (1872–1928) was known as one of the premier polar explorers in the golden age of polar exploration. His accomplishments clearly document that he has contributed to knowledge in fields as diverse as ethnography, meteorology and geophysics. In this paper we will concentrate on his studies of the Earth's magnetic field. With his unique observations at the polar station Gjøahavn (geographic coordinates 68°37'10'' N; 95°53'25'' W), Amundsen was first to demonstrate, without doubt, that the north magnetic dip-pole does not have a permanent location, but steadily moves its position in a regular manner. In addition, his carefully calibrated measurements at high latitudes were the first and only observations of the Earth's magnetic field in the polar regions for decades until modern polar observatories were established. After a short review of earlier measurements of the geomagnetic field, we tabulate the facts regarding his measurements at the observatories and the eight field stations associated with the Gjøa expedition. The quality of his magnetic observations may be seen to be equal to that of the late 20th century observations by subjecting them to analytical techniques showing the newly discovered relationship between the diurnal variation of high latitude magnetic observations and the direction of the horizontal component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF By). Indeed, the observations at Gjøahavn offer a glimpse of the character of the solar wind 50 yr before it was known to exist. Our motivation for this paper is to illuminate the contributions of Amundsen as a scientist and to celebrate his attainment of the South Pole as an explorer 100 yr ago.

scholarly journals Edge displacement scores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Melsom
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Sea Ice Edge ◽  
Edge Displacement ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

Abstract. As a consequence of a diminishing sea ice cover in the Arctic, activity is on the rise. The position of the sea ice edge, which is generally taken to define the extent of the ice cover, changes in response to dynamic and thermodynamic processes. Forecasts for sea ice expansion due to an advancing ice edge will provide information that can be of significance for operations in polar regions. However, the value of this information depends on the quality of the forecasts. Here, we present methods for examining the quality of forecasted sea ice expansion and the geographic location where the largest expansion are expected from the forecast results. The algorithm is simple to implement, and an examination of two years of model results and accompanying observations demonstrates the usefulness of the analysis.

scholarly journals Edge displacement scores

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 3785-3796
Author(s):  
Arne Melsom
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Sea Ice Edge ◽  
Edge Displacement ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

Abstract. As a consequence of a diminishing sea ice cover in the Arctic, activity is on the rise. The position of the sea ice edge, which is generally taken to define the extent of the ice cover, changes in response to dynamic and thermodynamic processes. Forecasts for sea ice expansion on synoptic timescales due to an advancing ice edge will provide information that can be of significance for open ocean operations in polar regions. However, the value of this information depends on the quality of the forecasts. Here, we present methods for examining the quality of forecasted sea ice expansion on sub-seasonal timescales and the geographic location where the largest expansions are expected from the forecast results. The algorithm is simple to implement, and an examination of 2 years of model results and accompanying observations demonstrates the usefulness of the analysis.

Validation of satellite OClO products from S5P/TROPOMI and MetopA and B/GOME2 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Pinardi ◽  
Michel Van Roozendael ◽  
François Hendrick ◽  
Andreas Meier ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Chlorine dioxide is an indicator for chlorine activation in the stratosphere, of importance for understanding spring-time ozone depletion processes in the polar regions of both hemispheres. Within the EUMETSAT AC SAF working group, chlorine dioxide (OClO) was retrieved from the GOME-2 instruments on MetOp-A and MetOp-B platforms, respectively over the time periods 2007-2016 and 2012-2016. Moreover, recent work performed as part of the S5p+ Innovation programme has led to the creation of an additional dataset derived from the TROPOMI instrument, extending the OClO time series in 2018-2020.</p><p>This study analyses the quality of both OClO slant column (SCD) datasets by comparing them to ground-based DOAS zenith-sky measurements at a selection of 8 stations in Arctic and Antarctic regions: Eureka (80°N), Ny Alesund (79°N), Kiruna (68°N), Harestua (60°N), Marambio (64°S), Belgrano (78°S), Neumayer (71°S) and Arrival Heights (78°S). To allow for comparison with satellite data, ground-based OClO spectral analyses are performed using yearly fixed reference spectra recorded at low SZA in the absence of chlorine activation. Furthermore, an additional bias-correction is applied in post-processing to generate a consistent long-term OClO data record covering the 2007-2020 period.</p><p>Daily comparisons of satellite and ground-based SCD data pairs corresponding to similar SZA conditions are performed, assuming similar stratospheric light paths in satellite nadir and ground-based zenith-sky geometries. Daily mean OClO SCD time-series show that satellite and ground-based observations agree well at all stations in terms of short-term variability and seasonal variation. Linear regression plots show a correlation coefficient R of about 0.97, a slope of 0.9 and an intercept of less than 1x10<sup>13</sup> molec/cm² for TROPOMI, while for GOME-2 results are more noisy and tend to be biased low, with correlation coefficients between 0.76 and 0.88, slopes between 0.65 and 0.74 and intercepts up to 2.4 x10<sup>13 </sup>molec/cm².</p>

scholarly journals Accuracy analysis of satellite measurements of the measurement geodetic control network on the southern Spitsbergen

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 00020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Głowacki
Keyword(s):  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Full Rank ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Ground Stability

Geodetic networks are very important in analyses of long-term monitoring deformation of natural objects in polar regions. The ground stability of geodetic reference points can give the quality of the results of geometry measures. Well measures give the purpose to environmental protection of measured natural objects (moraines, talus slopes, debris etc.). The main objective of this paper is to compare the adjustment of the geodetic network by the Least Square Method based on one (ASTRO) or two (ASTRO and NYA1) reference points with full rank and robust adjustment. The main adjustment steps with important numerical results are presented for both methods. The method how to detect the presence of the used wrong approximate coordinates of network points is addressed, and the detection approaches are given for both adjustment procedures. The results of both adjustment procedures summarized in the Conclusion indicate that the combination of these procedures is not suitable way of detecting errors in a geodetic network.

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