scholarly journals Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.М. Курчавов ◽  
Е.В. Толмачева ◽  
А.И. Якушев
Keyword(s):  
Ore Deposits ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Bands ◽  
Crustal Origin ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Residual Melt

Гранитоиды КМВ представлены сиенитграносиенитщелочногранитной ассоциацией. Давший их расплав сформировался в две стадии. Изначально он был насыщен летучими компонентами преимуще ственно углекислого состава и хлором. Это способствовало его быстрому подъему к поверхности земли и расслоению с образованием полосчатости. Первичные отношения изотопов Sr и Nd, обильные и разнообраз ные ксенолиты, цирконы с более древними ядрами, нарушения изотопных равновесий Ar и Sr свидетельству ют, что расплав явился результатом преобразования разнородного исходного материала, главным образом корового происхождения. В то же время близость изотопных отношений Sr у разных типов гранитоидов, близость состава разноокрашенных полосок, идентичность содержания и характера распределения в них РЗЭ говорят о высокой степени гомогенезированности расплава. Кристаллизация его начиналась с выделения короткопризматических цирконов, апатита, сфена, затем пироксенов при температурах 1 280 0 С 10 0 С и давлении более 5 кбар. Позднее образовывались длиннопризматические цирконы, плагиоклаз, амфибол, био тит при температуре 1010 950 0 С и давлении 5 3 кбар. Взаимодействие расплава с породами эвапаритовой толщи юры миоцена при движении к поверхности земли привело к его обогащению F, B, S, Sr, Ba. Дальнейший подъем магмы к поверхности земли сопровождался интенсивным катаклазом вкрапленников, неравномерным распределением в расплаве флюида, который обогащал отдельные полосы и струи. В менее обогащенных флюидом (темноокрашеных) полосках деформация вкрапленников более интенсивная, чем в обогащенных (светлоокрашенных) полосках. Температура гомогенизации РВ в лейстах плагиоклаза темноокрашенных по лосок колеблется от 900 0 С до 850 0 С, а светлоокрашенных полосок в пределах 880 820 0 С. Основная масса полосок состоит из одних и тех же минералов (полевые шпаты, пироксен, амфибол, биотит, кварц, магне тит), но в обогащенных флюидом (светлоокрашенных) полосках больше плагиоклаза и кварца, с чем и связана их более светлая окраска. В матриксе обедненных флюидом (темноокрашенных) полосок больше темноцвет ных минералов, что придает им более темную окраску. CMWgranitoids are represented by syenite granosyenite alkaline granitic association. There are two stages in the formation of the melt that created them. Initially it was saturated with volatile, predominantly carbonic, and chlorine. This contributed to its rapid rise to the surface of the earth and delamination with the formation of banality. Primary ratios of Sr and Nd isotopes, abundant and diverse xenoliths, zircons containing more ancient nuclei, violations of the Ar and Sr isotopic equilibria indicate that the melt was the result of a deep transformation of a heterogeneous starting material, mainly of crustal origin. At the same time, the proximity of the Sr isotopic ratios in different types of granitoids, the proximity of the composition of differently colored stripes, the identity of the content and distribution pattern of REEs indicate a high degree of homogenesis of the melt. Its crystallization began with the separation of shortprismatic zircons, apatite, sphene, then pyroxenes at temperatures of 1280 C 10 C and pressures of more than 5 kbar. The residual melt was saturated with volatile and REE. Later, longprismatic zircons, plagioclase, amphibole, biotite were formed at a temperature of 1010 950 0 C and a pressure of 5 3 kbar. The interaction of the melt with the rocks of the Jurassic Miocene evaparite strata when moving to the surface of the earth led to its enrichment by xenoliths of varying degrees of processing and borrowing from the host rocks F, B, S, Sr, Ba. The further rise of magma to the earths surface was accompanied by an intense cataclase of released phenocrysts, an uneven distribution of uid in the melt, which enriched individual bands or streams. In the less enriched (darkcolored) strips of uid, the phenocrysts are more intense than in the enriched (lightcolored) strips.The temperature of homogenization of RV in the sheets of plagioclase of darkcolored strips varies from 900 0 С to 850 0 С, and lightcolored strips within 880 820 0 С. The main mass of strips of different colors consists of the same minerals (feldspars, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, quartz, magnetite), but in the (lightcolored) strips enriched with uid, more plagioclase and quartz are found, with which they are lighter in color. In the uiddepleted (dark colored) strip, there are more darkcolored minerals, which gives it a darker color.

scholarly journals Cosmogonies and mythopoesis in the Balkans and beyond

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 87-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Badalanova Geller
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Biblical Literature ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Different Types ◽  
To Come ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Devil

Cosmogonies and mythopoesis in the Balkans and beyondCompared and contrasted in this article are three different types of accounts dealing with the cosmogonic and eschatological themes employed in Slavonic and Balkan oral tradition, para-Biblical literature and modern poetry. The focus of analysis is the cluster of motifs attested in the creation narrative of the apocryphal Legend of the Sea of Tiberias. Two versions are examined: the South-Slavonic one discovered in 1845 by V. Grigorovich in the Monastery of Slepche, and the 18th century Russian account from MS № 21.11.3 (fols. 3a–5b) from the Archaeographic Department of the Library of the Academy of Sciences [Библиотека Академии наук, Рукописный отдел] in St. Petersburg, composed most probably by an Old Believer; this manuscript is published here for the first time. Folklore counterparts of the apocryphal Legend of the Sea of Tiberias are treated, with special emphasis on the oral narratives from the Bulgarian diaspora in Bessarabia (God and the Devil Create the World Amicably but then Fall Out). Finally, a poem of the 20th century Bulgarian intellectual Pencho Slaveykov [Пенчо Славейков] from his anthology “On the Island of the Blessed” is discussed; the poem, entitled How God willed the Earth to come to be and what did Satanail do after that? was designated by Slaveykov himself as “a legend of the Bogomils”, and blended within his lyrics are dualistic themes and motifs attested in vernacular Christianity, with the hallmark of Haeresis Bulgarica. Kosmogonie i mitopoetyki na Bałkanach i nie tylkoW artykule zostały porównane trzy typy narracji zawierających wątki kosmogoniczne i eschatologiczne, które funkcjonują w słowiańskiej i bałkańskiej tradycji ustnej, literaturze parabiblijnej oraz poezji doby modernizmu. Przedmiotem uwagi stała się grupa motywów poświadczonych w narracji o stworzeniu, znanej z Legendy o Morzu Tyberiadzkim. Analizom poddane zostały dwie wersje: południowosłowiańska, odkryta w 1845 roku przez W. Grigorowicza w Monastyrze w Slepče, oraz ruska – z XVIII wieku, znajdująca się w kodeksie MS № 21.11.3 (fols. 3a–5b), przechowywanym w Oddziale Rękopisów Biblioteki Akademii Nauk w Sankt Petersburgu – skomponowana najprawdopodobniej w środowisku staroobrzędowców (rękopis ten jest tu publikowany po raz pierwszy). Następnie przeprowadzona została analiza odpowiedników folklorystycznych apokryficznej Legendy o Morzu Tyberiadzkim, ze szczegól­nym uwzględnieniem narracji ustnych funkcjonujących w bułgarskiej diasporze w Besarabii (Bóg i Diabeł tworzą świat w przyjaźni ale potem stają się wrogami). Na końcu został poddany interpretacji poemat z XX wieku autorstwa bułgarskiego modernisty Penczo Sławejkowa [Пенчо Славейков] z antologii Na wyspie błogosławionych [На острова на блажените]; poemat ten, zatytułowany Jak Bóg zezwolił, aby powstała ziemia i co potem uczynił Satanael?, został nazwany przez samego autora „legendą Bogomiłów”, i skompilowany w jego tekstach z dualistycznymi motywami występującymi w chrześcijaństwie tego regionu, a rozpoznawa­nymi jako haeresis bulgarica.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue “Radiative Transfer in the Earth Atmosphere”

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Irina Sokolik
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Earth Atmosphere ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments

This Special Issue aims at addressing the recent developments towards improving our understanding of the diverse radiative impact of different types of aerosols and clouds [...]

A novel two-stage method of plant seedlings classification based on deep learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tianhong Dai ◽  
Shijie Cong ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
Yanwen Zhang ◽  
Xinwang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stage Classification ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Plant Seedlings

In agricultural production, weed removal is an important part of crop cultivation, but inevitably, other plants compete with crops for nutrients. Only by identifying and removing weeds can the quality of the harvest be guaranteed. Therefore, the distinction between weeds and crops is particularly important. Recently, deep learning technology has also been applied to the field of botany, and achieved good results. Convolutional neural networks are widely used in deep learning because of their excellent classification effects. The purpose of this article is to find a new method of plant seedling classification. This method includes two stages: image segmentation and image classification. The first stage is to use the improved U-Net to segment the dataset, and the second stage is to use six classification networks to classify the seedlings of the segmented dataset. The dataset used for the experiment contained 12 different types of plants, namely, 3 crops and 9 weeds. The model was evaluated by the multi-class statistical analysis of accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score. The results show that the two-stage classification method combining the improved U-Net segmentation network and the classification network was more conducive to the classification of plant seedlings, and the classification accuracy reaches 97.7%.

Probiotics for the Chemoprotective Role Against the Toxic Effect of Cancer Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aafrin Waziri ◽  
Charu Bharti ◽  
Mohammed Aslam ◽  
Parween Jamil ◽  
Aamir Mirza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
High Degree

Background: The processes of chemo- and radiation therapy-based clinical management of different types of cancers are associated with toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. So, there is always an unmet need to explore agents to reduce such risk factors. Among these, natural products have generated much attention because of their potent antioxidant and antitumor effects. In the past, some breakthrough outcomes established that various bacteria in the human intestinal gut are bearing growth-promoting attributes and suppressing the conversion of pro-carcinogens into carcinogens. Hence, probiotics integrated approaches are nowadays being explored as rationalized therapeutics in the clinical management of cancer. Methods: Here, published literature was explored to review chemoprotective roles of probiotics against toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutics. Results: Apart from excellent anti-cancer abilities, probiotics are bearing and alleviate toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutics, with a high degree of safety and efficiency. Conclusion: Preclinical and clinical evidence suggested that due to the chemoprotective roles of probiotics against side effects and toxicity of chemotherapeutics, their integration in chemotherapy would be a judicious approach.

A Real-time Forest Monitoring System for Environmental Engineering Data Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 03-04
Author(s):  
Raven Boxman
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Safe Haven ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Engineering Data ◽  
To Come ◽  
Two Stages

The woods environment is basic for providing common assets to the greenery. The woods is an indispensable safe-haven, albeit at present it is presented to illicit logging by insatiable individuals, and this has altogether influenced the woodland. Because of this criminal behavior, unfortunate wonder has surfaced. Consequently, the system of this exploration is worried about building up a far off observing gadget that could catch basic ongoing information, for example, temperature, moistness, vaporous substance, and bonfire and downpour location, which could show the recent and the safeguarded characteristic state and environment in the woods. The model was actualized at chosen areas to screen and assemble information at two stages. The results from this exploration will be utilized in the advancement of a progression of games as instructing helps that can make mindful our group of people yet to come about the consumption and its effect upon the earth.

Response characteristics of electromagnetic seismographs and their dependence on the instrumental constants

1949 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
S. K. Chakrabarty
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Harmonic Motion ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Local Earthquakes ◽  
Simple Harmonic Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Electromagnetic Seismograph ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Proper Values

Summary The equation of motion of the seismometer and the galvanometer in an electromagnetic seismograph has been derived in the most general form taking into consideration all the forces acting on the system except that produced by hysteresis. A general solution has been derived assuming that the earth or the seismometer frame is subjected to a sustained simple harmonic motion, and expressions for both the transient and the steady term in the solution have been given. The results for the particular case when the seismograph satisfies the Galitzin conditions can easily be deduced from the results given in the present paper. The results can now be used to study the response characteristics of all electromagnetic seismographs, whether they satisfy the Galitzin conditions or not, and will thus give an accurate theoretical picture of the response also of seismographs used for the study of “local earthquakes” and “microseisms” which do not in general obey the Galitzin conditions. The results obtained can also be used to get analytically the response of the seismographs for different types of earth motion from the very beginning, and not only after the transient term has disappeared. The theory of the response to simple tests used to determine the dynamic magnification of any seismograph and also to determine and check regularly the instrumental constants of the seismographs has been worked out. The results obtained can also be used for ascertaining the proper values of the instrumental constants suitable for the various purposes for which the seismographs are to be used.

Toxicity And Surface Modification Of Dendrimers: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini Kharwade ◽  
Payal Badole ◽  
Nilesh Mahajan ◽  
Sachin More
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Haematological Toxicity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hemolytic Toxicity ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Core Functionality ◽  
Polymeric Structures

: As compared to other nano polymers, dendrimers have novel three dimensional, synthetic hyperbranched, nano-polymeric structures. The characteristic of these supramolecular dendritic structures has a high degree of significant surface as well as core functionality in the transportation of drugs for targeted therapy, specifically in host-guest response, gene transfer therapy and imaging of biological systems. However, there are conflicting shreds of evidence regarding biological safety and dendrimers toxicity due to their positive charge at the surface. It includes cytotoxicity, hemolytic toxicity, haematological toxicity, immunogenicity and in vivo toxicity. Therefore to resolve these problems surface modification of the dendrimer group is one of the methods. From that point, this review involves different strategies which reduce the toxicity and improve the biocompatibility of different types of dendrimers. From that viewpoint, we broaden the structural and safe characteristics of the dendrimers in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.

Comparison of diffused layer prepared using liquid dopant solutions and pastes for solar cell with screen printed electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Drabczyk ◽  
Edyta Wróbel ◽  
Grazyna Kulesza-Matlak ◽  
Wojciech Filipowski ◽  
Krzysztof Waczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Phosphorus Oxychloride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Solution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Two Stages

Purpose The purpose of this study is comparison of the diffusion processes performed using the commercial available dopant paste made by Filmtronics and the original prepared liquid dopant solution. To decrease prices of industrially produced silicon-based solar cells, the new low-cost production processes are necessary. The main components of most popular silicon solar cells are with diffused emitter layer, passivation, anti-reflective layers and metal electrodes. This type of cells is prepared usually using phosphorus oxychloride diffusion source and metal pastes for screen printing. The diffusion process in diffusion furnace with quartz tube is slow, complicated and requires expensive equipment. The alternative for this technology is very fast in-line processing using the belt furnaces as an equipment. This approach requires different dopant sources. Design/methodology/approach In this work, the diffusion processes were made for two different types of dopant sources. The first one was the commercial available dopant paste from Filmtronics and the second one was the original prepared liquid dopant solution. The investigation was focused on dopant sources fabrication and diffusion processes. The doping solution was made in two stages. In the first stage, a base solution (without dopants) was made: dropwise deionized (DI) water and ethyl alcohol were added to a solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and 99.8 per cent ethyl alcohol. Next, to the base solution, orthophosphoric acid dissolved in ethyl alcohol was added. Findings Diffused emitter layers with sheet resistance around 60 Ω/sq were produced on solar grade monocrystalline silicon wafers using two types of dopant sources. Originality/value In this work, the diffusion processes were made for two different types of dopant sources. The first one was the commercial available dopant paste from Filmtronics and the second one was the original prepared liquid dopant solution.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document