scholarly journals REALISASI ISI KEPUTUSAN PESAMUAN AGUNG III MUDP BALI NO. 01/KEP/PSM-3 MDP BALI/X/2010 TERKAIT DENGAN ANAK PEREMPUAN TERMASUK BERHAK MEWARIS (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN BULELENG)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketut Sudiatmaka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Academic Paper ◽  
The Family ◽  
Status Of Women

Abstrak Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah kajian terhadap status hukum perempuan Bali lemah dari segi pewarisan, karena menurut Hukum Adat Bali yang berhak mewaris hanyalah keturunan pria dan pihak keluarga pria dan anak angkat lelaki.. Wanita di dalam Hukum Adat Masyarakat Bali masih mengalami diskriminasi dari segi ketentuan hukum. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) untuk mengetahui bentuk pengambilan kebijakan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan adat perihal waris di kabupaten Buleleng; (2) untuk mengetahui realisasi isi keputusan MUDP Provinsi Bali No.01/Kep/PsM-3/MDP BALI/X/2010, 15 Oktober 2010 tentang perempuan Bali menerima 1/2 dari hak waris purusa setelah dipotong 30% untuk harta pusaka dan kepentingan pelestarian. (3) Untuk mengetahui pandangan dan keberterimaan perempuan di Kabupaten Buleleng terhadap implementasipsamuan agung III MUDP Bali; (4) untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penetapan SK MUDP Provinsi Bali No.01/Kep/PsM-3/MDP BALI/X/2010, dan daya ikat bagi masyarakat adat di kabupaten Buleleng. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan selama 2 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Luaran penelitian dijabarkan sebagai berikut: (1) luaran tahun I: perancangan dan pengembangan kebijakan tentang ketentuan adat yang lebih menjamin hak-hak perempuan secara hukum, dan Buku Ajar. (2) luaran tahun II: artikel ilmiah di jurnal nasional terakreditasi/internasional seperti jurnal Hukum Pandecta, dan rekomendasi yang berkaitan dengan rujukan draft naskah akademik yang dirancang oleh peneliti untuk diusulkan ke instansi terkait sebagai rujukan dalam penetapan hukum. Hasil penelitian Bentuk pengambilan keputusan di wilayah adat sudah menyesuaikan dengan uger-uger adat yang berlaku di masing-masing daerah di Kabupaten Buleleng tempat penelitian dilaksanakan. Untuk dapat dilaksanakan isi Pesamuan Agung III itu, dirasakan sangat perlu adanya perarem-perarem di masing-masing desa adat guna adanya pengenjuh awig yaitu penambahan atau perubahan awig-awig yang telah dimiliki dan berlaku. Dalam aplikasi putusan Pesamuan Agung III MUDP Bali, mendapat respon negarif dari anak laki-laki yang kurang memahami asas komunalitas di antara anak laki-laki maupun perempuan, tetapi jika dilihat pemberi waris dalam bentuk paweweh tampaknya anak laki-laki pun tidak keberatan. Tanggapan positif masyarakat Buleleng menghormati hak perempuan Bali dalam bidang kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi dengan kebijaksanaan memberikan kesempatan sebagai pewaris di dalam keluarga. Kata Kunci: Decision Tree, Diskriminasi Perlakuan, Hukum Adat, Kebijakan, Keputusan, Kontradiktif , Mewaris, Perempuan Bali. Abstract The background of this research is the study of the legal status of women Bali weak in terms of inheritance, because according to the Customary Law Bali rightful heir only male offspring and the families of men and male foster child. Women in the Indigenous people of Bali are still suffering discrimination in terms of provision law. In general, this study aims to (1) to determine the form of policy making in the traditional decision-making process regarding inheritance in Buleleng district; (2) to determine the actual contents of Bali Province MUDP decision No.01/Kep/PSM-3/ MDP BALI/X/2010, October 15, 2010 on Bali receives 1/2 of the women's inheritance rights purusa after the deduction of 30% for inheritance and conservation purposes. (3) To know the views and acceptance of women in Buleleng against the great implementasion pesamuan III MUDP Bali; (4) to determine the effect of fixing SK MUDP Bali Province No.01/ Kep/PSM-3/MDP BALI/X/2010, and the holding capacity for indigenous peoples in Buleleng regency. This study will be conducted over two years, ie from 2015 to 2016. The output of the study described as follows: (1) the outcome of the first: the design and development of a policy on customary provisions that guarantee the rights of women in law, and Textbook , (2) the outcome of II: scientific articles in journals accredited national / international as Pandects law journal, and recommendations with regard to the referral draft academic paper designed by the researchers to be proposed to the relevant institutions as a reference in determining the law. The form of the decision-making research results in the area of indigenous adjust with uger-uger custom prevailing in each region in Buleleng where research is conducted. To be able to browse the congregation carried Agung III, perceived necessary for perarem-perarem in each indigenous village to the pengenjuh awig that additions or changes awig awig which has been owned and is valid. In applications congregation Court ruling III MUDP Bali, getting a response negarif of boys who do not understand the principle of commonality among boys and girls, but when seen in the form of inheritance giver paweweh boy apparently did not mind. Positive response community Bali Buleleng respect women's rights in the areas of social and economic life with the wisdom of giving a chance as heir in the family. Keywords: Decision Tree, Discrimination treatment, Customary Law, Policy, Decisions, Contradictory, heir, Women Bali.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Characteristics as Determinants of Family Dynamics and Engagement in the Palayamanan System Approach among Agtas in Bicol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5537-5559
Author(s):  
Jailyn N. Puerto ◽  
Marison R. Dy ◽  
Jacqueline Lee O. Canilao ◽  
Melissa P. Ferido ◽  
Benjamina Paula G. Flor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family System ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
The Family ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Farming Families

Agtas are one of the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) residing in the mountainous parts of Luzon and some can be found in the Bicol Region. They are still dependent on agriculture in order to generate income and sustain their basic needs. Agta farming families are said to be already engaging in the Palayamanan System Approach (PSA), but their knowledge and skills still need to be enhanced to fully maximize the benefits that they can gain from the said approach. The study aimed to analyze the family dynamics structure among farming family systems of Agta Indigenous Peoples in Bicol. It also evaluated how family dynamics affect farm decision-making among Agta farming households. The family dynamics of the Agta farming families was assessed through the FACES IV (Olson, 2011). Results showed that there was unbalanced cohesion and unbalanced adaptability levels within the family system. On the other hand, communication and satisfaction were high. Gender and educational attainment showed a strong correlation to family cohesion and engagement in the PSA, respectively, therefore, both factors could be considered for effective development interventions to take place. Overall, the Agta communities' geographical condition, culture and beliefs, sources of information have affected their way of living, farm practices, and farm-decision making. There have been very limited studies regarding indigenous people and communities in the Philippines. Thus, this study would serve as an entry point to further understand them and would guide in the formulation of appropriate strategies that will help improve and enhance their lives.     Los agtas son uno de los pueblos indígenas (PI) que residen en las zonas montañosas de Luzón y algunos se encuentran en la región de Bicol. Siguen dependiendo de la agricultura para generar ingresos y satisfacer sus necesidades básicas. Se dice que las familias agricultoras de Agta ya participan en el enfoque del sistema Palayamanan (PSA), pero sus conocimientos y habilidades aún deben mejorarse para maximizar los beneficios que pueden obtener de dicho enfoque. El estudio tenía como objetivo analizar la estructura de la dinámica familiar entre los sistemas familiares agrícolas de los pueblos indígenas Agta en Bicol. También se evaluó cómo la dinámica familiar afecta a la toma de decisiones agrícolas entre los hogares agrícolas Agta. La dinámica familiar de las familias agrícolas Agta se evaluó a través del FACES IV (Olson, 2011). Los resultados mostraron que había una cohesión desequilibrada y niveles de adaptabilidad desequilibrados dentro del sistema familiar. Por otro lado, la comunicación y la satisfacción eran altas. El género y el nivel educativo mostraron una fuerte correlación con la cohesión familiar y el compromiso con el APS, respectivamente, por lo tanto, ambos factores podrían ser considerados para que las intervenciones de desarrollo sean efectivas. En general, la condición geográfica, la cultura y las creencias de las comunidades Agta, así como las fuentes de información, han afectado a su modo de vida, a sus prácticas agrícolas y a la toma de decisiones agrícolas. Los estudios sobre los pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Filipinas son muy limitados. Por lo tanto, este estudio servirá como punto de entrada para comprenderlos mejor y guiará en la formulación de estrategias apropiadas que ayudarán a mejorar y potenciar sus vidas.

Strategi Penyelesaian Pendaftaran Tanah Hak Komunal Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Ardi Saputra Sinaga ◽  
Julius Sembiring ◽  
Sukayadi Sukayadi
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Community Strategy ◽  
Land Control

Abstract: Environment and Forestry Ministry established the reserve incense forest of the Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community as a customary forest. But in reality, it has not been guaranteed legal certainty regarding the existence and recognition of the rights of the Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. The objective of this research is to know the le-gal status of Indigenous Peoples forest in Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law at this time, strategy of the land registration of communal right settlement, and constraint and effort done in the land registration of communal right settlement of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. This research uses qualitative research method with empirical juridical research form. Based on the results of the study showed that the legal status of the Indigenous Forests of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Society is currently reserved as customary forest of Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. Strategy for resolving communal rights land registration in the incense forest of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community through four stages. First, recognition of the existence of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. Secondly, the establishment of customary forests of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community by Environment and Forestry Ministry. Third, the Settlement of Land Control in Forest Areas is carried out in accordance with Presidential Regulation Number 88 of 2017 by issuing customary forests of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community from forest areas. Fourth, registration of communal land rights of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Custom-ary Law Community.Keywords: strategy, communal rights, customary forestsIntisari: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) menetapkan pencadangan hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta sebagai hutan adat. Tetapi kenyataannya, keadaan tersebut hingga saat ini dinilai belum menjamin kepastian hukum akan keberadaan dan pengakuan hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi penyelesaian pendaftaran tanah hak komunal hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa status hukum hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta saat ini dicadangkan sebagai hutan adat. Strategi penyelesaian pendaftaran tanah hak komunal hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta melalui empat tahapan. Pertama, pengakuan keberadaan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Kedua, penetapan hutan adat Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta oleh KLHK. Ketiga, dilakukan Penyelesaian Penguasaan Tanah dalam Kawasan Hutan sesuai dengan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 88 Tahun 2017dengan cara mengeluarkan hutan adat Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta dari kawasan hutan. Keempat, pendaftaran tanah hak komunal Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta.Kata Kunci : strategi, hak komunal, hutan adat

scholarly journals Status of Women in Uzbekistan through the Prism of Family Relationship and Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1069-1077
Author(s):  
Natalya Bazarovna Rajapova, Manzura Nasrullaevna Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Status Of Women

The article examines the historically established concepts of the differences and similarities in men and women. Gender stereotypes that hinder the economic, cultural, social development of girls and women. Examples of reforms carried out in the society to establish gender equality are given. The goals of involving women in social activities and the economic life of the country, the formation and change of official concepts of state regulation of the family are investigated.Fundamentals of the gender order formed by state policy to achieve gender equality at the present time.

scholarly journals Gesinspolitiek en die ouer-kind verhouding

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
C Maré
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parent Child

The family-unit did, in one form or another occur since the beginning of man’s existence. The aim of the unit was to sire children and to provide for them until they reached maturity. To realise this provisional aim, a decision making process was required. The child and her parents’ individual interests can generate conflict where decisions have to be made regarding various questions, for example: which church the child should attend and or whether she should attend any church; which school a child should be enrolled in; with whom the child may associate and with whom not; if the child may use contraceptives, and whether an adolescent female may of her free will request or reject an abortion. Henceforth it must be kept in mind that the decision making process, i.e. family politics, is unique for each parent-child relationship. Various social, economic and cultural factors can influence the handling of conflict in the decision making process. Furthermore, fundamental rights can influence the decision making process differently in respectively the common law parent-child relationship and the customary law parent-child relationship. Central to the latter situation is the fact that fundamental rights recognise individual rights, while customary law is founded in communalism. It is furthermore important to note that the nature of the parent-child relationship is not neutral, but is determined by historical and social elements within the community. There are various statutory provisions in terms of which courts can intervene in the exercise of parental authority and can even terminate it, over and above the fact that the courts possess a common law competence as upper guardian. However, no law expressly grants the court the power to intervene in the parent-child relationship where conflict arises within the decision making process. The courts only have the authority to intervene in the parent-child relationship in the event of physical maltreatment or molestation of a child, in divorce proceedings, and where consent must be granted for a minor’s marriage. Even the family advocate is employed as mediator only in divorce matters. The court as common law upper guardian of minors, will only intervene in the parent-child relationship if it is of the opinion that such a step is in the interests of the child and it will therefor not be done lightly. The current constitutional provisions regarding children in a multi-cultural society has brought about changes in the parent-child relationship. Reading together sections 9 and 28 of the 1996-constitution puts it beyond doubt that any child under the age of 18 years is a person possessing fundamental rights. The state is drawn in as a third party in the parent-child relationship and must ensure that the interests of the child, that is fundamental rights, are guaranteed. Section 28 of the 1996-constitution goes further than section 30 of the 1993-constitution and provides a description for the meaning of parental care. The reference to family care, parental care and appropriate alternative care in the 1996-constitution can be indicative of the fact that the changed relationships wherein children find themselves within the community (other than the nuclear family) are recognised. The constitutional provisions also causes a change of emphasis in the parent-child relationship. The emphasis changes from the parent’s rights and responsibilities to the rights that a child may claim. The child can enforce her rights against the state and her parents. The yardstick which determines whether the child is entitled to its constitutional rights, is in whether such a claim would be in the best interests of the child. If the child approaches the High Court as the common law upper guardian to enforce her rights, or to strike a balance in the decision making process, the state must supply the child with the necessary legal representation. Due to the relevant constitutional provisions, the parent-child relationship can no longer be considered to be regulated merely by rules of authority, but the emphasis has shifted to the promotion of the child’s interests. The best interest of the child must thus be the guiding principle in all legal proceedings. It implies further that the South African family law approach to balancing the decision making process within the parent-child relationship has also changed 

scholarly journals KAREKTERISTIK KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI KELURAHAN PEGATAN HILIR DAN PEGATAN HULU KECAMATAN KATINGAN KUALA KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Jurnal Socius ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titik Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Products

AbstractThe purposed of research to describe development of side business by the fishermen's wives received positive response from the community. Manufacture of various kinds of goods made from fish and shrimp is expected to bring economic prosperity for the fishermen's family. This research has  purpose describing character of socio-economic life of fisherman society, and describing the processing of sea product in increasing income for fisherman society. This study uses a qualitative method. Sources of data were taken by purposive sampling and data collection using observation, interview, and documentation study. Based on the research indicates that (1) socio-economic characteristics of Pegatan majority who still homogeneous in his profession as a fisherman shows the similarity of fate and sense of togetherness between them both at work and in other activities always seen and become very valuable in the middle community life that tends to be individualist. (2) the wife's role to increase the family's financial coffers with home-based business from the processing of marine products is very helpful to survive when the famine season comes and it also helps in improving the family economy.Key words: fishing communities, poverty, social and economic life AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan usaha sampingan yang dilakukan oleh para istri nelayan mendapat respon yang sangat positif dari masyarakat. Usaha pembuatan berbagai macam olahan yang berbahan utama dari ikan dan udang diharapkan bisa membawa kesejahteraan ekonomi bagi keluarga nelayan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menggambarkan karakter kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat nelayan, dan mendiskripsikan pengolahan hasil laut dalam meningkatkan pendapatan bagi masyarakat nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data diambil secara purposive sampling dan pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Berdasarkan pada penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) karekteristik sosial ekonomi mayoritas masyarakat Pegatan yang masih bersifat homogen yaitu dalam profesinya sebagai nelayan menunjukkan adanya persamaan nasib dan rasa kebersamaan diantara mereka baik pada saat bekerja maupun dalam aktivitas yang lain selalu terlihat dan menjadi sangat berharga ditengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat yang cenderung individualis. (2) peran istri untuk menambah pundi-pundi keuangan keluarga dengan usaha rumahan dari pengolahan hasil laut ternyata sangat membantu untuk bertahan hidup ketika musim paceklik datang selain itu juga membantu dalam meningkatkan perekonomian keluarga.Kata kunci: masyarakat nelayan, kemiskinan, kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi

scholarly journals An ACCULTURATION OF THE APPLICATION OF INHERITANCE LAW IN THE SUNDANESE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY OF WIWITAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Siti Nuraidah ◽  
Ani Yumarni ◽  
Nurwati
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Statutory Regulation ◽  
Legal Consequences

Indigenous peoples are legal subjects recognized for their traditional rights and other rights by the 1945 Constitution and other laws and regulations. Sunda Wiwitan is understood as the original Sundanese religion or early Sundanese which is the naming of the belief system used by people of Sundanese descent who still confirm the spiritual teachings of the Sundanese ancestors. Humans are legal subjects, bearers of rights and obligations from the moment of birth and end when humans die. From the event of a person's death, there are legal consequences, namely how to resolve the rights and obligations of the person's death which is regulated by inheritance law. This is an empirical juridical method or non-doctrinal study, looking at the validity of a statutory regulation and legal norm originating from religion, which lives and develops in a group of indigenous peoples. The purpose of this study was to determine and examine the acculturation of customary inheritance law and Islamic inheritance law in the Sunda Wiwitan community and to determine the form of application of Islamic inheritance law to the Sunda Wiwitan indigenous people in Kasepuhan Ciptagelar with Kampung Urug. The results show that the acculturation of the application of inheritance law to the Sunda Wiwitan community, Kasepuhan Ciptagelar and Kampung Urug regarding the application of Islamic inheritance law is that Islamic inheritance law is carried out by prioritizing deliberation and consensus in the family of the heirs of the Sunda Wiwitan Indigenous Peoples. followers of Islam. As for customary law, the Sunda Wiwitan people make it a norm and culture that is carried out in social life.

scholarly journals Kearifan Lokal Adat Migou Pa’ Tulangbawang dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
Abu Thalib Khalik
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
The Law

Local wisdom of Indigenous Peoples Migou Pa ‘Tulangbawang Lampung, contains a few anomalies. First, a person who violates customary law will be sanctioned in accordance with the level of the rank of cultures. If he is on the level of indigenous higher, the sanctions given to him will be doubled from legal sanctions must be received by people of customary middle class. In accordance, if he comes from the lowest class, he will get legal sanctions only half of the second level. Second, the natures of anomalies were found on the punishment for adultery to be discharged into the jungle. As adultery is considered an act of animal, the adultery are to be gathered with the animals in the forest. Nowadays, this kind of action could be considered not humane or could also be considered a violation of Human Rights (HAM). All this, according to the author, is intended that people of high rank could be more cautious, more aware of, and even obeying the law. In addition, according to the author, the fact that adultery should be thrown into the jungle is intended to provide a deterrent effect. Third, in the case of violation of the law which should eventually be fined, all members of his clique will be liable to pay a fine. It is intended that the family relatives of the click constantly remind each other that the violation of the law could be fatal. Kearifan lokal Adat Masyarakat Migou Pa’ Tulangbawang Lampung, mengandung beberapa hal anomaly yakni, pertama seseorang yang melakukan pelanggaran hukum adat akan dikenai sanksi sesuai dengan level pangkat adatnya, jika sesorang itu dari level adat yang tinggi maka sanksi hukuman yang diberikan kepadanya akan dua kali lipat dari sanksi hukum yang harus diterima oleh orang yang pangkat adatnya klas  menengah, sebaliknya jika sipelaku itu berasal dari kelas terendah maka sanksi hukumnya hanya separuh dari sanksi hukum orang level kedua. Kedua sifat anomaly itu terdapat pada hukuman bagi pelaku zina yang harus dibuang ke rimba, hanya karena perbuatan zina itu telah dianggap sebagai perbuatan binatang, maka para pelaku zina itu harus dikumpulkan dengan hewan–hewan di hutan, untuk zaman sekarang tindakan semacam ini bisa dianggap tidak manusiawi atau juga bisa dianggap pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Semua ini menurut penulis dimaksudkan agar orang–orang berpangkat tinggi itu bisa lebih hati–hati, lebih sadar bahkan taat hukum, kemudian pelaku zina harus dibuang ke rimba raya menurut penulis hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memberi efek jera. Ketiga jika terjadi pelanggaran hukum yang akhirnya harus dikenai sanksi denda maka segenap anggota kliknya yang menanggung kewajiban membayar denda itu, dimaksudkan agar sanak family yang satu klik itu senantiasa saling mengingatkan bahwa pelanggaran hukum itu bisa berakibat fatal.

scholarly journals NATIVE COURT IN KUDAT AND MATUNGGONG, SABAH: CHALLENGES TO ITS GOVERNANCE AND STRUCTURAL ECOSYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (25) ◽  
pp. 94-113
Author(s):  
Rosazman Hussin ◽  
Johan Johnes ◽  
Jabil Mapjabil ◽  
Jeannet Stephen ◽  
Jurry Foo @ Jurry F. Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Civil Court ◽  
Depth Interviews

The Sabah Native Court is a legal institution created specifically to address the application of customary law among the ethnics or indigenous peoples of Sabah. Sabah Native Court is a legal institution established by a special act known as the Native Courts Enactment 1992 amendment 1995. The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges to the governance and structural ecosystem of native courts in selected districts, specifically Kudat District and Matunggong Sub-district. This study uses qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with district heads in these two native court. Among the study's interesting findings is the hierarchy of the organisational structure of the native court institution found in both study locations, which has differences in the number of staff appointments either at the decision-making level for district head or among native court implementers such as native chiefs and deputy native chiefs. Furthermore, the two study locations have different day-to-day governance and assignment for every entity within the native court. Questions about the benefits and drawbacks of challenges to both governance and the structural ecosystem of the native courts in both study locations were also addressed in the discussion section. Due to its importance in monitoring these challenges, this study will examine how well the native courts can resolve the concerns of each ethnic in the state compared to other judicial institutions such as the Syariah Court and Civil Court.

scholarly journals Kearifan Lokal Adat Migou Pa’ Tulangbawang dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
Abu Thalib Khalik
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
The Law

Local wisdom of Indigenous Peoples Migou Pa ‘Tulangbawang Lampung, contains a few anomalies. First, a person who violates customary law will be sanctioned in accordance with the level of the rank of cultures. If he is on the level of indigenous higher, the sanctions given to him will be doubled from legal sanctions must be received by people of customary middle class. In accordance, if he comes from the lowest class, he will get legal sanctions only half of the second level. Second, the natures of anomalies were found on the punishment for adultery to be discharged into the jungle. As adultery is considered an act of animal, the adultery are to be gathered with the animals in the forest. Nowadays, this kind of action could be considered not humane or could also be considered a violation of Human Rights (HAM). All this, according to the author, is intended that people of high rank could be more cautious, more aware of, and even obeying the law. In addition, according to the author, the fact that adultery should be thrown into the jungle is intended to provide a deterrent effect. Third, in the case of violation of the law which should eventually be fined, all members of his clique will be liable to pay a fine. It is intended that the family relatives of the click constantly remind each other that the violation of the law could be fatal. Kearifan lokal Adat Masyarakat Migou Pa’ Tulangbawang Lampung, mengandung beberapa hal anomaly yakni, pertama seseorang yang melakukan pelanggaran hukum adat akan dikenai sanksi sesuai dengan level pangkat adatnya, jika sesorang itu dari level adat yang tinggi maka sanksi hukuman yang diberikan kepadanya akan dua kali lipat dari sanksi hukum yang harus diterima oleh orang yang pangkat adatnya klas  menengah, sebaliknya jika sipelaku itu berasal dari kelas terendah maka sanksi hukumnya hanya separuh dari sanksi hukum orang level kedua. Kedua sifat anomaly itu terdapat pada hukuman bagi pelaku zina yang harus dibuang ke rimba, hanya karena perbuatan zina itu telah dianggap sebagai perbuatan binatang, maka para pelaku zina itu harus dikumpulkan dengan hewan–hewan di hutan, untuk zaman sekarang tindakan semacam ini bisa dianggap tidak manusiawi atau juga bisa dianggap pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Semua ini menurut penulis dimaksudkan agar orang–orang berpangkat tinggi itu bisa lebih hati–hati, lebih sadar bahkan taat hukum, kemudian pelaku zina harus dibuang ke rimba raya menurut penulis hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memberi efek jera. Ketiga jika terjadi pelanggaran hukum yang akhirnya harus dikenai sanksi denda maka segenap anggota kliknya yang menanggung kewajiban membayar denda itu, dimaksudkan agar sanak family yang satu klik itu senantiasa saling mengingatkan bahwa pelanggaran hukum itu bisa berakibat fatal.

scholarly journals Breaking Up the Family: Divorce in Egyptian Law and Practice

Hawwa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron ◽  
Baudouin Dupret
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Personal Status ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Status Of Women

AbstractIf the legal status of women wishing to end an unhappy marriage has undoubtedly improved through the codification process of personal status law in Egypt in the twentieth century, it still remains very unequal in comparison to the privileges enjoyed by men in that field. Moreover, the practical effects of these legal reforms can be questioned. This chapter will study marriage breakups in Egypt through both legal and sociological approaches. Legal texts governing family law will first be examined to expose the different ways marriage can be broken up and how the reforms were legitimated by reference to sharî'a principles. Then the various obstacles that impede the effective implementation of these reforms will be exposed, to stress that the study of law should capture the language of law in action and not only of law in books.

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