scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Wanita Migran Bermigrasi ke Kota Malang

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
B Budijanto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Economic Variable ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Job Vacancy ◽  
High Level

The low family income, lack of job vacancy other than farmland, the narrow square of land possession, and the high level of household load encourage women deciding to migrate to Malang as an effort to support their household economic welfare improvement. The aim of this research is to find and reveal any condition which causes migrant women household to decide migrating to Malang. The research result shows that demography variables (age, marriage status, and the amount of household load) have significant effect toward migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang. Also, social-economic variable (migrant women education, household income, farmland square, and type of the job) affects migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang significantly; but, job vacancy in origin area does not bring significant effect toward migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang.

scholarly journals Socio Economic Characteristics and Patterns of Decision Making Women’s Fishermen in the City Bengkulu

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mustopa Romdhon ◽  
Ketut Sukiyono
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Social Decisions ◽  
The City

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The role of women in the household is a very complex fishermen from productive activity, domestic, and social. Decisions taken fisherman’s wife to engage in such activities is largely determined by socio - economic characteristics of households of fishermen. These characteristics will determine the pattern of decisions taken. How big is women involvement in fishermen decision making.The analytical method used was descriptive analyses. This study indicated social characteristics are age, ethnics, education, number of family members. Economic characteristics, including the distance to the workplace, length of stay, the allocation of working time and the wife revenue contribution to total household income of fishermen. Those characteristics have to consider among household decision making. Currently, their role in the decision making were equal.Current decision-making patterns have an incentive to reduce the dominance of the head of household to monopolize decisions in the household.<br />Keywords: decision making pattern, woman, social – economic characteristics</p><p><br />ABSTRAK<br />Keterlibatan wanita pada kegiatan produktif didorong oleh keinginan mereka untuk mencukupi kebutuhan keluarga. Keputusan wanita nelayan terlibat pada aktifitas produktif, domestik dan sosial sangat ditentukan oleh karakteristik sosial ekonomi wanita nelayan. Apa saja karakteristik wanita nelayan dan seberapa besar perannya dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga di Kota Bengkulu. Peran wanita nelayan pada ketiga aktifitas dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan karakteristik sosial antara lain umur, etnis, pendidikan,jumlah anggota keluarga. Karakteristik ekonomi antara lain lama usaha, jarak ke tempat kerja, lama bermukim, alokasi waktu serta kontribusi pendapatan wanita terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga. Secara umum, peran isteri setara dengan peran suami pada pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga nelayan di Kota Bengkulu.Model pengambilan keputusan akan mendorong untuk mengurangi dominasi suami atau pihak tertentu untuk memonopoli keputusan dalam rumah tangga.<br />Kata kunci: model pengambilan keputusan, wanita, karakteristik sosial-ekonomi</p>

scholarly journals Does Students' Financial Behaviour Differ Based on Their Family Income?

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Dorjana Nano ◽  
Teuta Llukani
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Financial Behaviour ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

This study investigates the differences on Financial Behaviour among Albanian university students based on their family income. The main objectives of this study are: i) firstly, to assess the level of financial behaviour of Albanian university students; ii) to examine whether the financial behaviour differs based on the level of students family income; and ii) finally, , to provide some conclusions and policy implications with regard to financial behaviour. An instrument comprised of specific and personal questions is administered to 637 students from five public and two private universities in Albania. Factor analysing and Cronbach Alpha test are utilized to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis is conducted based on the One Way Welch Anova technique. The outcomes discover that Albanian university students show almost a good financial behaviour which differs based on household income. Students with low or middle family income are revealed to show better financial behaviour in comparison with those who reported to have high level of family income. This study paves the way for future research in Albania and for taking incentives for helping students to shape healthy spending habits.

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

Decision making power of college girls in relation to clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gill ◽  
Poonam Malik ◽  
Pankaj Gill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
College Going ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Garment Design ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it. Keywords: clothing, college, girls, decision making.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Marketers Project Their Personal Preferences onto Consumers: Overcoming the Threat of Egocentric Decision Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372199837
Author(s):  
Walter Herzog ◽  
Johannes D. Hattula ◽  
Darren W. Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Marketing Managers ◽  
False Consensus Effect ◽  
False Consensus ◽  
High Level

This research explores how marketing managers can avoid the so-called false consensus effect—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies were conducted to provide evidence for the managerial importance of this research question and to explore how marketing managers attempt to avoid false consensus effects in practice. The results suggest that the debiasing tactic most frequently used by marketers is to suppress their personal preferences when predicting consumer preferences. Four subsequent studies show that, ironically, this debiasing tactic can backfire and increase managers’ susceptibility to the false consensus effect. Specifically, the results suggest that these backfire effects are most likely to occur for managers with a low level of preference certainty. In contrast, the results imply that preference suppression does not backfire but instead decreases false consensus effects for managers with a high level of preference certainty. Finally, the studies explore the mechanism behind these results and show how managers can ultimately avoid false consensus effects—regardless of their level of preference certainty and without risking backfire effects.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Logic for Intelligent Control System Using Soft Computing Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2617
Author(s):  
Catalin Dumitrescu ◽  
Petrica Ciotirnae ◽  
Constantin Vizitiu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Soft Computing ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Distributed Intelligence ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fuzzy Subsets

When considering the concept of distributed intelligent control, three types of components can be defined: (i) fuzzy sensors which provide a representation of measurements as fuzzy subsets, (ii) fuzzy actuators which can operate in the real world based on the fuzzy subsets they receive, and, (iii) the fuzzy components of the inference. As a result, these elements generate new fuzzy subsets from the fuzzy elements that were previously used. The purpose of this article is to define the elements of an interoperable technology Fuzzy Applied Cell Control-soft computing language for the development of fuzzy components with distributed intelligence implemented on the DSP target. The cells in the network are configured using the operations of symbolic fusion, symbolic inference and fuzzy–real symbolic transformation, which are based on the concepts of fuzzy meaning and fuzzy description. The two applications presented in the article, Agent-based modeling and fuzzy logic for simulating pedestrian crowds in panic decision-making situations and Fuzzy controller for mobile robot, are both timely. The increasing occurrence of panic moments during mass events prompted the investigation of the impact of panic on crowd dynamics and the simulation of pedestrian flows in panic situations. Based on the research presented in the article, we propose a Fuzzy controller-based system for determining pedestrian flows and calculating the shortest evacuation distance in panic situations. Fuzzy logic, one of the representation techniques in artificial intelligence, is a well-known method in soft computing that allows the treatment of strong constraints caused by the inaccuracy of the data obtained from the robot’s sensors. Based on this motivation, the second application proposed in the article creates an intelligent control technique based on Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), a feature of intelligent control systems that can be used as an alternative to traditional control techniques for mobile robots. This method allows you to simulate the experience of a human expert. The benefits of using a network of fuzzy components are not limited to those provided distributed systems. Fuzzy cells are simple to configure while also providing high-level functions such as mergers and decision-making processes.

A proposal to enhance national capability to manage epidemics: The critical importance of expert statistical input including official statistics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
N.I. Fisher ◽  
D.J. Trewin
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Integration Analysis

Given the high level of global mobility, pandemics are likely to be more frequent, and with potentially devastating consequences for our way of life. With COVID-19, Australia is in relatively better shape than most other countries and is generally regarded as having managed the pandemic well. That said, we believe there is a critical need to start the process of learning from this pandemic to improve the quantitative information and related advice provided to policy makers. A dispassionate assessment of Australia’s health and economic response to the COVID-19 pandemic reveals some important inadequacies in the data, statistical analysis and interpretation used to guide Australia’s preparations and actions. For example, one key shortcoming has been the lack of data to obtain an early understanding of the extent of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic cases or the differences across age groups, occupations or ethnic groups. Minimising the combined health, social and economic impacts of a novel virus depends critically on ongoing acquisition, integration, analysis, interpretation and presentation of a variety of data streams to inform the development, execution and monitoring of appropriate strategies. The article captures the essential quantitative components of such an approach for each of the four basic phases, from initial detection to post-pandemic. It also outlines the critical steps in each stage to enable policy makers to deal more efficiently and effectively with future such events, thus enhancing both the social and the economic welfare of its people. Although written in an Australian context, we believe most elements would apply to other countries as well.

Transfer Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Aravind Balakrishnan ◽  
Jaeyoung Lee ◽  
Ashish Gaurav ◽  
Krzysztof Czarnecki ◽  
Sean Sedwards
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Transfer Problem ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
High Level ◽  
Real Vehicle

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an attractive way to implement high-level decision-making policies for autonomous driving, but learning directly from a real vehicle or a high-fidelity simulator is variously infeasible. We therefore consider the problem of transfer reinforcement learning and study how a policy learned in a simple environment using WiseMove can be transferred to our high-fidelity simulator, W ise M ove . WiseMove is a framework to study safety and other aspects of RL for autonomous driving. W ise M ove accurately reproduces the dynamics and software stack of our real vehicle. We find that the accurately modelled perception errors in W ise M ove contribute the most to the transfer problem. These errors, when even naively modelled in WiseMove , provide an RL policy that performs better in W ise M ove than a hand-crafted rule-based policy. Applying domain randomization to the environment in WiseMove yields an even better policy. The final RL policy reduces the failures due to perception errors from 10% to 2.75%. We also observe that the RL policy has significantly less reliance on velocity compared to the rule-based policy, having learned that its measurement is unreliable.

scholarly journals Decision-making process for introduction of maternal vaccines in Kenya, 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Otieno ◽  
Fauzia A. Malik ◽  
Stacy W. Nganga ◽  
Winnie N. Wairimu ◽  
Dominic O. Ouma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Maternal Immunization ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Maternal immunization is a key strategy for reducing morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases in mothers and their newborns. Recent developments in the science and safety of maternal vaccinations have made possible development of new maternal vaccines ready for introduction in low- and middle-income countries. Decisions at the policy level remain the entry point for maternal immunization programs. We describe the policy and decision-making process in Kenya for the introduction of new vaccines, with particular emphasis on maternal vaccines, and identify opportunities to improve vaccine policy formulation and implementation process. Methods We conducted 29 formal interviews with government officials and policy makers, including high-level officials at the Kenya National Immunization Technical Advisory Group, and Ministry of Health officials at national and county levels. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. We analyzed the qualitative data using NVivo 11.0 software. Results All key informants understood the vaccine policy formulation and implementation processes, although national officials appeared more informed compared to county officials. County officials reported feeling left out of policy development. The recent health system decentralization had both positive and negative impacts on the policy process; however, the negative impacts outweighed the positive impacts. Other factors outside vaccine policy environment such as rumours, sociocultural practices, and anti-vaccine campaigns influenced the policy development and implementation process. Conclusions Public policy development process is complex and multifaceted by its nature. As Kenya prepares for introduction of other maternal vaccines, it is important that the identified policy gaps and challenges are addressed.

scholarly journals Towards Better Concordance among Contextualized Evaluations in FAST-GDM Problems

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Marcelo Loor ◽  
Ana Tapia-Rosero ◽  
Guy De Tré
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Consensus Reaching ◽  
Novel Algorithm

A flexible attribute-set group decision-making (FAST-GDM) problem consists in finding the most suitable option(s) out of the options under consideration, with a general agreement among a heterogeneous group of experts who can focus on different attributes to evaluate those options. An open challenge in FAST-GDM problems is to design consensus reaching processes (CRPs) by which the participants can perform evaluations with a high level of consensus. To address this challenge, a novel algorithm for reaching consensus is proposed in this paper. By means of the algorithm, called FAST-CR-XMIS, a participant can reconsider his/her evaluations after studying the most influential samples that have been shared by others through contextualized evaluations. Since exchanging those samples may make participants’ understandings more like each other, an increase of the level of consensus is expected. A simulation of a CRP where contextualized evaluations of newswire stories are characterized as augmented intuitionistic fuzzy sets (AIFS) shows how FAST-CR-XMIS can increase the level of consensus among the participants during the CRP.

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