scholarly journals Does Students' Financial Behaviour Differ Based on Their Family Income?

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Dorjana Nano ◽  
Teuta Llukani
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Financial Behaviour ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

This study investigates the differences on Financial Behaviour among Albanian university students based on their family income. The main objectives of this study are: i) firstly, to assess the level of financial behaviour of Albanian university students; ii) to examine whether the financial behaviour differs based on the level of students family income; and ii) finally, , to provide some conclusions and policy implications with regard to financial behaviour. An instrument comprised of specific and personal questions is administered to 637 students from five public and two private universities in Albania. Factor analysing and Cronbach Alpha test are utilized to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis is conducted based on the One Way Welch Anova technique. The outcomes discover that Albanian university students show almost a good financial behaviour which differs based on household income. Students with low or middle family income are revealed to show better financial behaviour in comparison with those who reported to have high level of family income. This study paves the way for future research in Albania and for taking incentives for helping students to shape healthy spending habits.

scholarly journals Family Income and Student Educational and Cognitive Outcomes in China: Exploring the Material and Psychosocial Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Ming Wen ◽  
Weidong Wang ◽  
Neng Wan ◽  
Dejun Su
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Income Effects ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Home Based

Leveraging data from a nationally representative school-based adolescent survey, the current study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of how family income is associated with multiple cognitive and educational outcomes in China and examine the underlying material and psychosocial mechanisms. We found robust associations of family income with school grades, cognitive ability, and study attitude, but not with homework engagement. Moreover, we found that home amenities, i.e., measuring home-based material resources, played the largest mediating role in explaining family income effects on cognitive ability and study attitude. Among the non-monetary or intangible intervening factors, children’s own and peers’ educational aspirations along with mother-child communication were the most important mechanisms. To a lesser extent, family income effects were also attributable to harmonious parent-child and between-parent relationships. The key take-home message is that home environments constitute a prominent setting outside of school exerting powerful influences shaping school outcomes for Chinese adolescents. Our study contributes to a better understanding of how family economic resources are transmitted to children’s cognitive and educational advantages via home material resources, family non-monetary features, children’s agency, and peer influence. Policy implications and future research are discussed.

Factorial composition of the Personal Self-Concept Questionnaire (APE) in Mexican university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jesús Enrique Peinado Pérez ◽  
Juan Cristobal Barrón Luján ◽  
José René Blanco Ornelas ◽  
Zuliana Paola Benitez Hernández ◽  
Humberto Blanco Vega
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Factorial Composition

The present study aims to investigate whether the psychometric results proposed by Goñi, Madariaga, Axpe & Goñi (2011) for the Personal Self-concept Questionnaire (APE, from its Spanish initials) are replicated. The total sample was 1485 Mexican university students, with an average age of 20.55 years (SD = 1.86). The factorial structure of the questionnaire was analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The analyses show that a three-factor structure is feasible and appropriate. The structure of three factors (self-realization, autonomy, and emotional adjustment), based on statistical and substantive criteria, has shown adequate adjustment indicators of reliability and validity. However, the obtained model does not match the one proposed by Goñi et al. (2011). Future research should replicate these findings in larger samples.

External Control and Regional Development: The Case of Scotland

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Firn
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
External Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

The purpose of the paper is to examine some recent evidence on the degree and type of external ownership and control that exists in the manufacturing sector of the Scottish economy. Definitions of external control are discussed, and its incidence in Scotland is shown to vary widely between industrial sectors; between different sizes of manufacturing enterprise; between different types of enterprise organisation; and between the different subregions of Scotland. The theoretical and policy implications of the Scottish situation, where nearly 60 per cent of the ownership and control of manufacturing employment lies in other regions of the United Kingdom and overseas, are discussed, and areas for future research outlined. It is argued that this factor is one of vital importance for the understanding of the processes and constraints of regional economic development, and that its neglect has contributed to much of the dissatisfaction expressed about the achievements of postwar British regional development-policy. The paper concludes that the development of a high level of control is not in the long-term economic interests of Scotland.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Wanita Migran Bermigrasi ke Kota Malang

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
B Budijanto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Economic Variable ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Job Vacancy ◽  
High Level

The low family income, lack of job vacancy other than farmland, the narrow square of land possession, and the high level of household load encourage women deciding to migrate to Malang as an effort to support their household economic welfare improvement. The aim of this research is to find and reveal any condition which causes migrant women household to decide migrating to Malang. The research result shows that demography variables (age, marriage status, and the amount of household load) have significant effect toward migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang. Also, social-economic variable (migrant women education, household income, farmland square, and type of the job) affects migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang significantly; but, job vacancy in origin area does not bring significant effect toward migrant women's decision making to migrate to Malang.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the Impact of High-Level-Machine-Intelligence from University Students in Taiwan: The Case for Human Professions, Autonomous Vehicles, and Smart Homes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6133
Author(s):  
Su-Yen Chen ◽  
Chiachun Lee
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

There is a “timing optimism” that artificial general intelligence will be achieved soon, but some literature has suggested that people have mixed feelings about its overall impact. This study expanded their findings by investigating how Taiwanese university students perceived the overall impact of high-level-machine-intelligence (HLMI) in three areas: a set of 12 human professions, autonomous vehicles, and smart homes. Respondents showed a relatively more positive attitude, with a median answer of “on balance good”, toward HLMI’s development corresponding to those occupations having a higher probability of automation and computerization, and a less positive attitude, with a median of “more or less neutral”, toward professions involving human judgment and social intelligence, and especially creativity, which had a median of “on balance bad”. On the other hand, they presented a highly positive attitude toward the AI application of the smart home, while they demonstrated relatively more reservation toward autonomous vehicles. Gender, area of study, and a computer science background were found as predictors in many cases, whereas traffic benefits, and safety and regulation concerns, among others, were found as the most significant predictors for the overall impact of autonomous vehicles, with comfort and support benefits being the most significant predictor for smart homes. Recommendations for educators, policy makers, and future research were provided.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN DISTANCE EDUCATION ACCORDING TO SOME VARIABLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Gizem Öneri Uzun ◽  
Ayhan Çakıcı Eş ◽  
Gözde Evram
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Private University ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
High Level

We are conducting distance education due to the pandemic process that we are experiencing. This study has been performed with the purpose of determining what kind of attitudes students who experience this process are displaying and the factors affecting these attitudes. The attitudes of university students studying at a private university in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus according to age, gender, grade level, internet connection problem, ability to use technology, suitability of distance education environment, and whether it is efficient or not were examined. Random sampling method was used in this research, which was conducted using the relational survey model, one of the quantitative survey models. The sample of the study is 128 university students, 64 men and 64 women studying at a private university. The data of the research were collected online using the personal information form and the Distance Education Attitude Scale prepared by the researchers. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis of research data. The scores received by university students who have high level of internet connection problems from the Distance Education Attitude Scale were lower than other university students. It is believed that this study will make contribution to future research. Keywords: Distance education, attitude, university student, internet and technology usage.

scholarly journals Income and conversion handicaps: estimating the impact of child chronic illness/disability on family income and the extra cost of child chronic illness/child disability in Ireland using a standard of living approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áine Roddy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Extra Cost ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
The Impact

AbstractChild chronic illness/ disability can present significant challenges for children, families and society that require appropriate policy responses; yet little is known about the demands placed on families resources from an economics perspective in terms of its impact on household income and the extra income required to achieve the same standard of living as families who do not have a child with a chronic illness/disability. The paper uses data from the Growing Up in Ireland National survey dataset for nine year olds. It is the first study to empirically investigate the impact of child chronic illness/disability on earnings, standard of living and the extra cost of disability together. It is also the first study to explicitly address endogeneity in the standard of living model by using a two-stage process where residuals were harvested to provide efficient estimates. The findings show that families experience significant disadvantage and economic hardship due to reduced household income and a lower standard of living due to the extra cost of disability that would require considerable income to compensate. Policy implications of these findings suggest that a tiered approach to disability support payments which encompass broader criteria for inclusion based on varying severity levels be introduced to alleviate the financial hardship and compromised economic wellbeing of families affected. In addition, more innovative policies are required to implement appropriate timely access to health and social care services and flexi parental employment, which in turn requires the provision of adequate access to high quality educational and care facilities.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of Fear of Happiness Scale: A Case Study of University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eliüşük Bülbül
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Turkish Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
Counseling And Guidance

The aim of this study is to determine whether the Happiness Fear Scale (FHS) developed by Joshanloo and Weijers (2014) is suitable for Turkish culture. For this purpose, validity and reliability of the scale were examined. The study consisted of 180 university students, 87 male and 23 female. The linguistic equivalence of the scale was made by translators and experts in psychological counseling and guidance. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Similar Scale Validity, Cronbach Alpha Internal Consistency and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were used in the analysis of the factor analysis of the scale. The scale presents a one-dimensional structure and accounts for 65% of the total variance. The item total correlation scores ranged from .60 to .72. The one-dimensional structure of the scale was well matched by the model (RMSEA = .06, AGFI = 0.92, NFI = .98, GFI = 0.9, CFI = 0.99, IFI = 0.99, RFI = .95, and SRMR = .03). The internal consistency coefficient was found .86. From here it is possible to say that this scale is a reliable and valid measuring instrument suitable for Turkish culture.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Muscularity Oriented Eating Test (MOET) in Turkish

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-866
Author(s):  
Gozde Caliskan ◽  
Nural Erzurum Alim
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Turkish University Students ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Good Agreement

Objectives: In this study, we determine the validity and reliability of the Muscularity Oriented Eating Test (MOET) among Turkish university students, thereby creating the MOET-TR. Methods: First, the MOET was translated by using the translation-back translation method for cultural equivalence. Then, the validity and reliability analyses were performed on 460 university students. To analyze the stability of the scale over time, the MOET-TR was applied to approximately 20% of the sample number for a second time after 2-4 weeks. Results: The one-factor structure of the MOET-TR demonstrated a good agreement with the fix index values. Cronbach's for the MOET-TR was 0.88, and the ICC value was 0.84. In addition, we found a positive statistically significant relationship between the total scores obtained from the DMS, EAT-40, REZZY, and IPAQ-Short forms used to evaluate the convergent divergent validity of the MOET-TR (p < .05). Conclusions: The MOET-TR is suitable for the Turkish culture and can be used to identify individuals who have muscularity oriented eating disorders, who are uncomfortable with their body shape, and who turn their body shapes into a social phobia.

scholarly journals Patterns of parental authority and its relation to self-assertion among adolescents In the Upper Galilee region - Palestine: أنماط السلطة الوالدية وعلاقتها بتوكيد الذات لدى المراهقين في منطقة الجليل الأعلى- فلسطين

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Yousef Artoul ◽  
Thib Mohammed Al Rowad
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Parental Authority ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Class Level ◽  
The One ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

The aim of this study is to examine Parental Authority Patterns and Relationship with Self-Assurance among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area in light of gender and grade level. The sample of the study consisted of (177) secondary school students selected from public schools at Upper Al-Galilee Area in Palestine in the academic year 2015/2016. To achieve the objective of the study, the researchers used Parental Authority Patterns Scale developed by (Kuhar) and Self-Assurance Scale developed by alfet (2015). Validity and reliability for both scales were established. The results of the study arithmetic mean of the total score for the Parental Authority Patterns Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area showed was (3.2480), with a standard deviation (.51257), and the degree of appreciation is moderate. The study showed that Self-Assurance level among Adolescents was moderate. The Results of the study showed a positive significant correlation between Parental Authority Patterns as a whole and style democratic power on the one hand and the level of Self-Assurance Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area, And no significant correlation between the Authority authoritarian style and the level of Self-Assurance Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area. There were no significant differences in Parental Authority Patterns Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area due to gender and class level. and significant differences in the level of Self-Assurance Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area due to gender, in favor of females. and no significant differences in the level of Self-Assurance Among Adolescents in the Upper Al-Galilee Area due to class level. The study recommended the need for future research examining the Parental Authority Patterns and Relationship with Self-Assurance in other student’s population in the Palestinian society and compare their results with the ones reported in the current study.

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