scholarly journals NEW SIBERIAN JERUSALEM: ORIGINS, TRANSFER, TOPONYMICS IN THE XVII-BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-198
Author(s):  
Михаил Сергеевич Шаповалов
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
New Jerusalem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Active Transfer ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe

В статье, основанной на материалах религиозных и светских текстов сибирских авторов XIX – начала XX в., документах региональных архивов, рассматривается феномен сибирского Иерусалима. Особое место уделено вопросам анализа иерусалимской и палестинской топонимики в Сибири. Автор преследует цель проанализировать процесс формирования феномена сибирского Иерусалима: какова его семантика, как соотносятся понятия «сибирский Иерусалим» и «Новый Иерусалим» и соотносятся ли вообще. В методологическом плане статья опирается на разработки в области иеротопии (А. М. Лидов) и культурно-семиотического трансфера (С. С. Аванесов). Автор приходит к выводам, что Иерусалим на протяжении XVII–XXI вв. оставался одним из пространствообразующих сакральных символов Сибири. В разное время в общественно-религиозном и научном дискурсе к сибирским Иерусалимам относили Тобольск, Енисейск, Томск, Каинск, Новокузнецк. Сибирские паломнические и религиозные тексты XIX – начала XX в. указывают на факт разделения в сознании сибиряков понятий Старого и Нового Иерусалима. Сибирский Иерусалим можно рассматривать в качестве образа Нового Иерусалима, продолжением процесса иконизации Московской Руси. До 1917 г. сибирским Новым Иерусалимом жители Зауралья признавали Тобольск. Статус Тобольска подкреплялся культурно-семиотическим трансфером иерусалимского топоса в Сибирь в формах идеи (Тобольск как центр Вселенной), образа (комплекс Тобольского кремля) и литургии (обряд «шествия на осляти»). Строительство сибирского Иерусалима сопровождалось активным переносом символов Иерусалима в Сибирь, что нашло отражение в топонимике региона. Реконструкция происхождения наименований раскрывает несколько источников создания палестинской топонимики в Сибири: церковное строительство, золотодобыча и еврейское присутствие. The paper examines the phenomenon of the "Siberian Jerusalem" based on both materials of religious and secular texts of Siberian authors of the XIX – early XX centuries and documents of the regional archives. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Jerusalem and Palestinian toponymy in Siberia. The author aims to analyze the genesis of the phenomenon of Siberian Jerusalem: its semantics, the relation between the concepts of Siberian and New Jerusalem if such a relation exists. In terms of methodology, the article relies on developments in the field of hierotopy (A. M. Lidov) and cultural-semiotic transfer (S. S. Avanesov). The author comes to the conclusion that Jerusalem during the XVII–XXI centuries remained one of the space-forming sacred symbols of Siberia. At various times, in the social-religious and academic discourse, Tobolsk, Yeniseisk, Tomsk, Kainsk, Novokuznetsk were attributed to Siberian Jerusalem. Siberian pilgrimage and religious texts of the XIX – early XX centuries point to the fact of separation of the concepts of the Old and New Jerusalem in the consciousness of the Siberians. Siberian Jerusalem can be regarded as the image of the New Jerusalem, a continuation of the iconization of Moscow Russia. Until 1917, residents of the territory beyond the Urals recognized Tobolsk as Siberian New Jerusalem. The status of Tobolsk was reinforced by the cultural-semiotic transfer of the Jerusalem topos to Siberia in the form of an idea (Tobolsk as the center of the Universe), an image (the Tobolsk Kremlin complex) and liturgy ("the procession on the donkey"). The construction of Siberian Jerusalem was accompanied by an active transfer of the symbols of Jerusalem to Siberia, which was reflected in the toponymy of the region. Reconstruction of the origin of names reveals several sources of the creation of Palestinian toponymy in Siberia such as church construction, gold mining and the Jewish presence.

CHARACTERIZATION OF RELIGIOUS STYLE AS A FUNCTIONAL STYLE IN LINGUISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Barnokhon Kushakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Creation

This article discusses the conditions, reasons and factors of characterization of religious style as a functional style in the field of linguistics. In addition, religious style and its main peculiarities, its importance in the social life, and the functional features of religious style are highlighted in the article. As a result of our investigation, the following results were obtained: a) the increase in the need for the creation and significance of religious language, particularly religious texts has been scientifically proved; b) the possibility of religious texts to represent the thoughts of the people, culture and world outlook has been verified; c) the specificity of religious language, religious texts has been revealed; d) the development of religious style as a functional style has been grounded.

scholarly journals Status of women in Pre and Post Islamic period: An analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mussarat Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Status Of Women

"He created you (all) from a single person": (Al Qur'an,39:6) Since the creation of the universe socities have been divided on the basis of gender. Across all the religions these gender difference are prevalent. If we comopare the status of women in different religions, Islam is the only religion which designate a status to women that she deserve.

scholarly journals The Motif of Mastery in Modern Traditionalism: Features of the Author’s Representation

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Personal Contact ◽  
The Real ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Opening Up

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the motive of mastery in modern artistic traditionalism. Results. The works of F. Abramov, V. Shukshin, and V. Rasputin as representatives of the socio-moral, existential, and ‘mystical’ lines of development of this movement were chosen for our research. We separate the motif of craft and the the actual creative act, and analyze the effect of luminophany typical to the latter. In Shukshin’s work, the motive of skill correlates with the plot of civilization, the characters leave the countryside in search of wisdom. In the early texts, the city is presented as a promising space for the formation of personality, in the later ones, on the contrary, the image of the city gets a tragic resolution, the master chooses the path of a hired craftsman who repeats other people's patterns. The real hero here is ‘strange’, ‘foolish’, who does not know how to make practical use of the skill. He creates his world as a miracle, a refuge where you can escape from the cruel present. In Abramov’s work, the themes of labor and skill are key, the social efforts of masters are important, they strive to transform the house, the countryside, and Russia here and now. There is an ethicization of labor, labor becomes a commandment, a prayer, the masters themselves belong to the fabulous chronotope, perform the functions of demiurges, opening up to the profane crafts, culture, and the vertical. Women often show skill in men's professions, which is due to the unique traits of the post-war period. The motif of skill in Rasputin's later texts correlates with the motif of death. The theme of the master and his fate unfolds in the story Izba, where the question arises about a new hero who can lead the nation out of the spiritual impasse. Rasputin, disappointed in the possibilities of a patriarchal man, leaves the chance for the renewal of the universe to a woman whose feat is set off by the presence of the master Savelii, whose image is enhanced by the figure of Orpheus. When the masters no longer have a place, in reality, they establish personal contact with time, and Eternity resonates with the question of man. Conclusion. Over the centuries, the experience of searching for ‘secret freedom’, the creation of the master of light, accumulates, is transmitted from generation to generation, which determines the existence of culture.

scholarly journals ‘A disastrous blow’: psychiatric risk, social indicators and medical authority in abortion reform in post-war Britain

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Sarah Crook
Keyword(s):  
Social Indicators ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Patient Agency ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War ◽  
A Site

The Second World War lent impetus to the creation of new models and explanatory frameworks of risk, encouraging a closer reading of the relationship between individual psychiatric disorder and social disarray. This article interrogates how conceptions of psychiatric risk were animated in debates around abortion reform to forge new connections between social conditions and psychiatric vulnerability in post-war Britain. Drawing upon the arguments that played out between medical practitioners, I suggest that abortion reform, culminating in the 1967 Abortion Act, was both a response to and a stimulus for new ideas about the interaction between social aetiologies and medical pathologies; indeed, it became a site in which the medical and social domains were recognised as mutually constitutive. Positioned in a landscape in which medical professionals were seeking to assert their authority and to defend their areas of practice, abortion reform offered new opportunities for medical professionals to intervene in the social sphere under the guise of risk to women’s mental health. The debate in medical journals around the status of issues that were seen to bridge the social and the medical were entangled with increasing anxiety about patient agency and responsibility. These concerns were further underscored as conversations about psychiatric risk extended towards considerations of the potential impact on women’s existing families, bringing domestic conditions and the perceived psychosocial importance of family life into relief within medical journals. This article, then, argues that conceptions of psychiatric risk, as refracted through the creation of new synapses connecting the social and the medical domains, were critical to medical debates over abortion reform in post-war Britain.

scholarly journals PROGRESSIVE LAW PARADIGM IN ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW RENEWAL IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Fauzan Fauzan
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Islamic Family Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Age Of Marriage

This paper discusses the progressive legal paradigm in renewal Islamic family law in Indonesia. Starting from the complexity of family problems in the contemporary era, the presence of progressive legal thinking is one of the foundations in order to provide certainty and justice in society. The results of this study indicate that legal reform progressive in the field of Islamic family law can be noticed from law enforcement through court decisions. Various judges’ decisions have created jurisprudence and are used as guidelines for Religious Court judges in deciding cases. This can be seen from the decisions of the constitutional justices, including regarding the restrictions on polygamy, the status of children out of wedlock and the age of marriage which was later successfully revised with the issuance of Law 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. In the context of progressive legal reform in Indonesia, judges use reinterpretation of religious texts (fiqh), and understand the social context of modern society dynamics. For this reason, judges are required to be more courageous not only to be bound textually, but also to put forward the goal of realizing justice and benefit in the midst of society. Thus, the main legal objectives will be realized, namely substantive justice, benefits, and legal certainty because the law is basically for humans, not for the law itself

scholarly journals THE IMAGE OF A TREE AS THE EMBODIMENT OF PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTS IN J. R. R. TOLKIEN’S OEUVRE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (93) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
О.Б. Козій
Keyword(s):  
Eternal Life ◽  
Lord Of The Rings ◽  
Twin Brother ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
Logical Conclusion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe

English linguist Tolkien is world-famous as the creator of the fantasy genre and the author of the epic novel «The Lord of the Rings» which has overgrown the measures of a novel having become a cultural phenomena. The tree is one of the universal symbols of the spiritual culture. It unites the Earth with the heaven, defines the human’s way to oneself, to spiritual summits. In the works of J. R. R. Tolkien the tree isn’t just a detail but also a character, the symbol of the eternal life circulation. Symbolizing the synthesis of heaven, earth and water, the dynamics of life, combining the worlds, the tree in the creation of Tolkien is a complex archetypal derivative that accumulates feminine as a source of life, male as a defender of the genus. Being fond of Welsh and Finnish, Scandinavian and Celtic mythology, Tolkien used the elements of the latter to build a model of his own artistic world. But being a Christian, he could not implement his ideas into the Universe without a god. God is present in the work of Tolkien, though remains invisible. The artistic world of many works is built around a tree, which is not only a biblical image, but also a part of the social subconscious, archetype. The close relationship between the creator and creation is a reflection of the ancient beliefs about man and the tree as indivisible unity, that the tree could become a friend, a «twin brother» of a man, the incarnation of his soul. The tree becomes the creating centre of the main character’s own universe, the logical conclusion of the artist's life search. Not only mastery, but the power of the author's imagination is in the focus of the writer's attention.

The Myth-Shaping Power of a Past Vision of the Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Imola György V.
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Personality Cult ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shaping Power ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Moment

Abstract The creation of an era itself, as rhetoric of time, creates the otherness from which it builds up its own borders. Thus the creation of an era goes hand in hand with identity formation. The beginning of the 20th century, as the boundary of an era, appears as such a self-reflective moment in the life of Târgu Mureş. The study aims at presenting the social, economic and cultural changes of this period, notably the time when György Bernády was the mayor, the most significant period of urbanization of the town, the moment of the conscious designation of the above mentioned boundary of an era. It makes an attempt to grasp the beginning of the powerful personality cult of the former mayor; it analyzes those strategies of canonization and discourses that have played a key role in the process of the myth-formation of the hero and its time. In this era the process of György Bernády’s raising to the status of a cultural hero took place. The articles, which appeared in the local press, give a clear-cut image about what kind of judgements and appreciations have developed about the city and its councillor, as well as the infrastructural and cultural development

scholarly journals Quasi-Subject Commodities - Labour, Minimalism, and the Social Life of Things

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
Paul Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Creation

Commodities play an integral role in the creation and maintenance of personas - to such a degree that they begin to take on characteristics of labor, provenance, and politics, such as distressed clothing or fair trade labels. This essay proposes that we have begun to freight our commodities with their own personas and imagined subjecthoods, and that this shift is foreshadowed in the transformation of artistic practices in the late twentieth century.Two theories on the status of contemporary artworks have come to recent prominence - David Joselit’s “Painting Beside Itself,” which argues that artworks need image not just their status as commodities but rather their circulation and [social] networks, and Isabelle Graw’s claim that artworks are being reconsidered as imaginary “quasi-subjects.” Thus, artworks are being equated with persons, not by their looks but by their actions. This new apprehension of objects finds its own roots in American sculptural debates of minimalism in the late 1960’s, where theorists resorted to ascribing subjectivities to objects to account for the relentless anthropomorphism of even those works which attempted to fully excise the human form.Proponents of “quasi-subjecthood” argue from two tacks: the object either is a subject of its own, or is propped on the “ghostly presence” of its maker. I believe this indicates two predominant characterizations of commodities: full subjects, or signs of an absent maker. Both arguments flirt with a fetishism that, in giving personas and personalities to objects, threatens to erase the social conditions in which each object is made. However, there may be a way in which these imaginaries can be harnessed as prosthetics for our communities. This essay explores possible avenues for artists and critics to create ethical objects for societies of art.

scholarly journals Reinterpretation of the Term Al-Nas (QS. Al-Hujurat 13) in Relation to the Social Aspects of Human and Homo Sapiens

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alwi HS ◽  
Siti Robikah ◽  
Iin Parninsih
Keyword(s):  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Living Things ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Universe

The interpretation of QS. Al-Hujurat 13 revolves as the creation of human which refers to Adam and Eve. In fact, human terminology in contemporary discourse refers to the definition of human as a homo sapien. Homo sapien refers to humans not only as biological but also social. By using the method of Tafsir Maqashidi, this article develops an understanding of Tafseer. Here, the Tafsir Maqashidi will be used as a method of reinterpreting the term al-Nas in QS. Al-Hujurat 13. The results of this article indicate that QS. Al-Hujurat 13 does not refer to Adam and Hawa, but it discusses the creation of humans that previously had other parties. The other party here starts from God, parents, family, society, living and dead beings, and the universe. Apart from that, this article also shows that the social aspect of the verse includes not only fellow Muslims, fellow humans, but also all God's creatures. These two understandings explain the similarities of Al-Nas and homo sapien in the context of humans as one of the species of living things on this earth. From here, humans are required to hifdzh Al-Aql, hifdzh Al-Din, hifdz Al-Nashl, hifdzl Al-Mal, hifdzh Al-Nafs, hifdzh Al-Bi'ah and hifdzh Al-Daulah as maqashidi QS. Al-Hujurat 13 which can be widely felt in human life.

Women in Power and Decision making Positions : Conditions and Restraints

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Azza Charara Baydoun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slow Progress

Women today are considered to be outside the political and administrative power structures and their participation in the decision-making process is non-existent. As far as their participation in the political life is concerned they are still on the margins. The existence of patriarchal society in Lebanon as well as the absence of governmental policies and procedures that aim at helping women and enhancing their political participation has made it very difficult for women to be accepted as leaders and to be granted votes in elections (UNIFEM, 2002).This above quote is taken from a report that was prepared to assess the progress made regarding the status of Lebanese women both on the social and governmental levels in light of the Beijing Platform for Action – the name given to the provisions of the Fourth Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995. The above quote describes the slow progress achieved by Lebanese women in view of the ambitious goal that requires that the proportion of women occupying administrative or political positions in Lebanon should reach 30 percent of thetotal by the year 2005!

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