scholarly journals ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF DAN KOMPETITIF USAHATANI UBI KAYU DI KECAMATAN BLAMBANGAN PAGAR KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Sayu Hadiyati Iswara ◽  
Raden Hanung Ismono ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Output Price ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix ◽  
Input Prices

 This study aims to analyze the comparative and competitive advantages of two varieties of cassava, and determine the sensitivity due to changes in output prices, production volumes, and input prices to the comparative and competitive advantages of cassava farming in Blambangan Pagar Sub-district of North Lampung Regency.  This research is a survey research involving 50 cassava farmers who were selected intentionally consisting of 25 farmers of Cassesart varieties and 25 farmers of Thailand varieties.  To answer these objectives, the study uses PAM analysis (Policy Analysis Matrix).  The results showed that Cassesart variety (UJ-5) cassava farming had a DRCR value of 0,15 and PCR of 0,46 so it was more competitive than Thailand variety (UJ-3) cassava farming which had a DRCR value 0f 0,18 and PCR of 0,57.  If there is a decrease in the output price for Cassesart variety (UJ-5) cassava by 4,93% and Thailand variety (UJ-3) cassava by 5,32%, a decrease in production volume is 4,70%, and an increase in input prices (Urea fertilizer 21,32%, SP-36 fertilizer 34,40%, and NPK Phonska fertilizer 54,01%) due to the removal of fertilizer subsidies by the government, cassava farming is insensitive, therefore, despite changes in output prices, production volume, and the price of these inputs, cassava farming still has a competitive edge.   Keywords : cassava, comparative, competitive, PAM

scholarly journals Daya Saing Bawang Merah di Provinsi Maluku dan Upaya Peningkatannya

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Agung Budi Santoso ◽  
Maryam Nurdin ◽  
Ismatul Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Local Farmer ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Shallot is one of horticultural commodities with a high demand. Majority of shallots in Maluku are bought from Surabaya and Makasar. However, the government continuously does horticultural development in the center of shallot production. The objective of this study was to analize the competitiveness and comparativeness of farming between shallots which are cultivated by local farmer and shallots which are imported. There were three locations of research i.e., Maluku Tenggara, Seram Bagian Barat, and Maluku Tengah. Primary data were collected by quessioner and used purposive sampling method. Primary data were analyzed using policy analysis matrix. The results showed that shallot farming in Maluku has comparative and competitive advantages compared with imported shallots. Agricultural government policy effectively increases local farmer insentive. However, it shows a decreasing trend while increasing productivity of shallot. Shallot farming having production higher than 8 ton/ha need output subsidy to give price guarantee. Effort to increase shallot competitiveness is conducted by increasing productivity and developing a farmer institution to make a sustainable agricultural development.   Keywords: shallot, competitiveness, competitive and comparative

scholarly journals Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Komoditi Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) di Desa Ulian, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli

2018 ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
NI MADE METRI WIDHYAPURI ◽  
MADE ANTARA ◽  
IDA AYU LISTIA DEWI
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

The Comparative and Competitive Advantages of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) Commodity in Ulian Village, Kintamani Sub-District of Bangli Regency The study aimed to analyze the comparative and competitive advantages and the divergence of input and output of arabica coffee commodity, to find out the government protection policy against inputs and outputs; and to investigate the impact of changes in input and output prices on profits, comparative advantages, competitive advantages, divergence, and government protection against inputs and outputs. Methods of data collection was interview and observation. The respondents were 38 farmers in Ulian Village, Kintamani, Bangli and selected by random sampling. Data analysis used Policy Analysis Matrix and sensitivity analysis. The result of analysis by using Policy Analysis Matrix showed that the social profit was Rp 47.953.373 and private profit of Rp 33.202.446. The superiority of arabica coffee commodity in Ulian Village consists of comparative and competitive advantages expressed in DRC ratio of 0.23 and PCR ratio of 0.29. The divergence of input and output consists of divergence of revenue of Rp15,734,996, tradable input divergence was Rp 0, domestic factor divergence was Rp. 994,070, and divergence of net profit of Rp 14,750,927. Government protection was expressed in NPCO ratio of 0.75, EPC ratio of 0.75, PC ratio of 0.69, and SRP ratio of -0.24. These ratios indicate that arabica coffee farmers in Ulian Village, Kintamani, Bangli have no protection from the government. Changes in input and output prices during inflation were at 3.02 percent, an increase in input prices by 10 percent and a fall in the price of output by 50 percent resulted in arabica coffee commodities in Ulian Village, Kintamani, Bangli to have comparative and competitive advantages. There is no government protection on arabica coffee farmers in Ulian Village, Kintamani Sub-District of Bangli Regency when input and output prices changed.

DAYA SAING DAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING KOMODITI KAKAO DI SULAWESI TENGAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-96
Author(s):  
Siti Yuliaty Chansa Arfah ◽  
Harianto . ◽  
Suharno .
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji daya saing komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah dan melihat peran pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing komoditi kakao. Data primer berasal dari observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner, sementara data sekunder berasal dari instansi terkait. Metode analisis menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) dan analisis sensitivitas. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai PCR Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,589 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,396. Sedangkan nilai DRC Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,387 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,319. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa usahatani komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah memiliki daya saing, namun tidak menguntungkan secara ekonomi karena Sulawesi Tengah menghasilkan biji kakao yang tidak difermentasi akibatnya petani menerima harga rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pemerintah belum memberikan proteksi terhadap harga biji kakao dalam negeri melalui harga referensi biji kakao sehingga harga biji kakao didaerah penelitian masih tergolong rendah jika dibandingkan dengan harga di pasar internasional. Sementara terhadap input, pemerintah telah memberikan kebijakan subsidi kepada petani, namun implementasinya masih perlu perbaikan terutama terkait penyaluran dan pengelolaan bantuan agar merata. Kajian ini merekomendasikan masih diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah baik terhadap input maupun output untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, menurunkan biaya produksi dan menaikkan harga jual biji kakao, sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saing biji kakao. The purpose of this study is to assess the competitiveness of cocoa in Central Sulawesi and to investigate the role of government in improving the competitiveness of cocoa. The primary data were generated through observation, interviews and some questionnaires. The secondary data were obtained from the agency or the institution related to the research. This study uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and sensitivity analysis. The study found that the PCR value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.589 and Sigi district was 0.396. While, the DRC value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.387 and Sigi district was 0.319. This indicates that cocoa beans farming in Central Sulawesi has competitiveness, but not economically beneficial because Central Sulawesi produces unfermented cocoa beans consequently farmers receive low prices. Based on the results of the government's impact on output analysis, the government did not provide protection for domestic cocoa seed prices through the reference price of cocoa beans, consequently the price of domestic cocoa beans, particularly in the research area, was relatively low compared to the price of cocoa beans at the international market. Seen from the government policy on inputs, the government have provided subsidies to farmers but they need to improve the distribution and management of aid to be evenly distributed. It is necessary to set up good government policy on inputs and outputs in order to increase cocoa seed productivity, decrease production cost and increase the price which simultaneously can improve its competitiveness in the research location.

scholarly journals POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX FOR THE ESSENTIAL CEREAL CROPS VARIETIES (RICE BUHOOTH 1, AND CORN SYNTHETIC GENOTYPE BAGHDAD 3) (STUDY CASE) IN IRAQ FOR THE YEAR 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lateef & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Cost Coefficient ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Resource Cost ◽  
The Government ◽  
Domestic Producer ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

The objective of this research was to analyze the economic impact of government intervention in the essential cereal crops for (Rice Buhooth1, and Synthetic genotype Baghdad3) by comparing the social price and private prices through adopting policy analysis matrix approach PAM and the derived parameters from it .The research was divided into two chapters; the first chapter was about field counting for the policy analysis matrix PAM and measuring the implications of the government intervention on the Rice Buhooth1. The second chapter was about explaining the field counting for policy analysis matrix PAM and measuring the implications of the government intervention impact on the second synthetic genotype Baghdad3.The research found a set of results, the most important result showed that the value of profitability coefficient was about 3.69, this indicates that the rice crop production system for the Rice Buhooth 1  takes advantage of the adopted government policy in that year, which means that there is governmental support for the product. In addition, domestic resource cost coefficient value which was about 0.72 indicates that there is comparative advantage for the Rice Buhooth 1  for the year 2012. The values of the nominal and effective protection coefficient were about 1.74 and 1.59 respectively; the value of the first factor indicates that there is governmental support for the domestic producer for the above, while the second factor indicates that the domestic producer will obtain greater returns in the investment of its resources in the existence of the government intervention from its absence. Regarding the Synthetic genotype Baghdad3, the value of profitability coefficient was about  1.75  which means that there is governmental support for the product. The domestic resource cost coefficient value was about 0.24 which indicates that there was comparative advantage for the mentioned above for the year 2012. The values of the nominal and effective protection coefficient were about 1.48 and 1.56 respectively; the value of the first factor indicates that there is governmental support for the domestic producer for the above, while the second factor indicates that the domestic producer will obtain greater returns in the investment of its resources in the existence of the government intervention from its absence. Finally, it is highly recommended that support should be increased for the varieties that the country has greater comparative advantage in order to improve the utilization of available resources and reduce wasted resources. Moreover, similar studies should be done in the future by other researchers to major cereal crops varieties at the country level in order to do comparison between them to set a mechanism for the government intervention policy in the main crop prices in the country which help both the local producer and agricultural investor in directing its resources properly.

POLICY ANALYSIS OF HYBRID ACACIA PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hồ Thanh Hà ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Thương
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Profit Model ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Acacia species is the main tree species grown in forest plantation in Thua ThienHue province. This study has used Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) as the main researchframework to analyze the profitability and the effects of intervention policies on theprofitability of acacia production in order to provide information, which can be used toassist in planting and expanding of acacia forest, to policy-makers and farmers. The resultsshowed that the acacia plantation is profitable but higher-profit model of intensivecultivation was almost twice as profitable as the extensive one. Results in PAM showed thatAcacia production offers both private and social efficiency. No indication of market failurewas found. The policies intervention was a tariff of 6.5% on imported fertilizer. Acaciaproduction generally has the protection of the government and efficient use of domesticresources. However, it also bore the tax burden with respect to the input (fertilizer). Acaciaproducts are comparative products in the market. Policy-makers and other forestrydevelopment programs should support farmers in cultivating the intensive model andlowering the interest rate for planting and expanding acacia forest.Keywords: PAM, Acacia production, profitability, Thua Thien Hue.

scholarly journals Daya Saing dan Proteksi Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Kedelai Domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan, Jawa Tengah (The Competitiveness and Government Policies Protection to Domestic Soybeans in Grobogan Regency, Central Java)

JURNAL PANGAN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Chanifah Chanifah ◽  
Dewi Sahara ◽  
Joko Triastono
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

ABSTRAK Kedelai domestik lebih aman dikonsumsi dibandingkan kedelai transgenik, serta memiliki kadar protein lebih tinggi dibanding kedelai impor. Pengembangan kedelai domestik masih prospektif, namun daya saing kedelai domestik terhadap kedelai impor semakin berat akibat melimpahnya kedelai impor. Kebijakan pemerintah berupa input-output diharapkan mampu melindungi kedelai domestik agar mampu berdaya saing. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis daya saing kedelai domestik serta tingkat proteksi kebijakan pemerintah terhadap kedelai domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di sentra produksi kedelai, yaitu Desa Panunggalan, Kecamatan Pulokulon, Kabupaten Grobogan. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui survei terhadap 30 petani kedelai pada bulan April 2019. Data primer adalah data usahatani kedelai yang ditanam pada awal musim hujan tahun 2017/2018. Data dianalisis menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kedelai domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan terbukti memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif dengan nilai PCR 0,88 dan DRCR 0,92. Kebijakan pemerintah terhadap output, input dan output-input pada usahatani kedelai domestik bersifat memproteksi kedelai domestik dan menguntungkan petani sehingga petani memperoleh surplus lebih tinggi. Kebijakan pemerintah berupa subsidi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing kedelai domestik menjadi lebih kuat. kata kunci: Daya Saing, Kedelai, PAM Analisis. ABSTRACT Domestic soybeans are safer to consume than transgenic soybeans and have higher protein content than imported soybeans. Domestic soybean development is still prospective, but domestic soybeans' competitiveness is getting more massive due to the abundance of imported soybeans. Government policy in the form of input-output is expected to protect domestic soybeans from being competitive. This research analyzes the competitiveness and level of protection of government policies on domestic soybeans in Grobogan Regency. The research was conducted in soybean production centers, which is Panunggalan Village, Pulokulon District, Grobogan Regency. The research data was obtained through a survey of 30 soybean farmers in April 2019. Primary data is data on soybean farming planted at the beginning of the 2017/2018 rainy season. Data analyzed using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results indicate that domestic soybean farming in Grobogan Regency is proven to have comparative and competitive advantages with PCR values 0.88 and DRCR 0.92. Government policy on output, input, and output-input of domestic soybean farming protects domestic soybeans and benefits farmers to get a higher surplus. Government policy in the form of subsidies is expected to strengthen the competitiveness of domestic soybeans. keywords: competitiveness, soybean, PAM analysis.

scholarly journals Comparative Advantage and Market Distortions: A Policy Analysis Matrix for Iraqi Wheat Crop Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ammar Saad ◽  
Zhang Rui Tao ◽  
Xia Ying
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Market Price ◽  
World Market ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Wheat is the most crop have been subsidized by the government in Iraq, through subsidizing the input of the production (seed, pesticide, and machines), as well as, subsidize the output of the production through purchasing it from the producers at a high price compared to the world market price. The study aims to assess the competitive advantage of wheat production in Iraq through some of the measures derived from the policy analysis matrix. This study according to secondary data has published by Iraqi Ministry of Planning/Central Organization of Statistics and Information Technology 2018, for wheat production costs of cultivation season in Iraqi provinces 2017. The results of the study indicated that the coefficients measures show, there is a government subsidy for wheat output and that means, producers receive prices higher than international prices with the existence of this policy. While the comparative advantage indicators showed, the wheat crop in Iraq was achieved private profits due to government intervention in the inputs and outputs of production, nor competitive advantage in social prices. Where the policy reflection indexes/market distortions analysis shows, that the government policy for wheat production 2017 subsidized the producers on the consumer cost, where the local market price for wheat is higher than the price of wheat in the world market.

scholarly journals DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PEMBATASAN IMPOR BAWANG MERAH TERHADAP USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO Policy Impact of Import Restriction of Shalloton Farm in Probolinggo District

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wahyudin ◽  
Mochmammad Maksum ◽  
Henry Yuliando
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Policy Impact ◽  
Restriction Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Import Restrictions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

On January - August 2013, the government implemented a quota-based import restriction policy for the shallot. While on September 2013, the government then changed it into a price-based import restriction. This research aims to determine how the impact of the quota-based and price-based import restrictions to the level of protection, profitability, andefficiency of farm. The method of analysis used in this research is PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) method. The results showed that the quota-based import restriction policy has increased 141%, 270%, and 32% of protection, profitability, and efficiency of shallot farming, respectively. The price-based import restriction policyhas decreased 46% and 233% of protection and profitability of shallot farming, however it has increased 1% of the efficiency.Keywords: Policy impact, import restriction, shallot, PAM, Probolinggo ABSTRAKPada Januari - Agustus 2013, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan pembatasan impor berbasis kuota terhadap komoditas bawang merah. Selanjutnya, pada September 2013 pemerintah mengubah kebijakan tersebut menjadi pembatasan impor berbasis harga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak kebijakan pembatasan impor berbasis kuota dan berbasis harga terhadap proteksi, profitabilitas, dan efisiensi usahatani bawang merah. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pembatasan impor berbasis kuota telah meyebabkan proteksi, profitabilitas, dan efisiensi usahatani bawang merah meningkat 141%, 270%, dan 32%. Sedangkan kebijakan pembatasan impor berbasis harga menyebabkan proteksi dan profitabilitas usahatani turun 46% dan 233%, dan efisiensi usahatani meningkat 1%.Kata kunci: Dampak kebijakan, pembatasan impor, bawang merah, PAM, Probolinggo   

scholarly journals ANALISA DAYA SAING DAN PELUANG EKSPOR WORTEL DI KELOMPOK TANI KATATA, PANGALENGAN, JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Budiman ◽  
Lucyana Trimo ◽  
Eti Suminartika ◽  
Sri Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix ◽  
Actual Price

ABSTRAKKomoditas wortel telah lama menjadi andalan produksi salahsatu kelompok tani Katata yang beradadi Pangalengan, Jawa Barat. Produksinya memiliki kualitas dan kuantitas yang tidak hanya baikdalam pemenuhan lokal saja, namun juga terhadap pemenuhan Ekspor. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk mendapatkan pengatahuan daya saing dan peluang ekspor dari dampak kebijakanpemerintah pada usahatani wortel di Kelompok Tani Katata. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelompok TaniKatata, Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung. Data dianalisis dengan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM),untuk menghitung keunggulan komparatif, keunggulan kompetitif dan dampak kebijakan pemerintahdengan menggunakan harga aktual dan harga bayangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapengusahaan wortel di Kelompok Tani Katata memiliki keunggulan kompetitif karena nilai PCRsebesar 0,062 atau PCR kurang dari satu (PCR < 1). Hal yang sama menunjukkan bahwa wortelmemiliki keunggulan komparatif dengan nilai DRC 0,060 atau DRC kurang dari satu (DRC < 1).Kebijakan pemerintah dinilai menghambat ekspor output dan adanya proteksi terhadap input lokaldibuktikan dengan nilai NPCO dan NPCI yang kurang dari satu. Secara keseluruhan kebijakanpemerintah yang berlaku saat ini masih belum mendukung dalam hal pengembangan danpeningkatan keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif pengusahaan komoditas wortel diKelompok Tani Katata.Kata kunci: daya saing, wortel, ekspor, Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)ABSTRACTCarrot commodity has been each mainstay production belong to Katata’s farmer group inPangalengan, West Java since long time ago. Their production have good quality and quantitywhich have potential for locally and export. The main of this research is to know the competitivenessand impact of government policy of the commodities carrots (case study Katata, subdistrictPangalengan, county level Bandung).Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) is the method to analyze data ofthis research to measure the comparative advantage, competitive advantage, and impact ofgovernment policy using actual price and estimation price.The result indicate that carrost in Katatahave a competitive advantage because PCR value of 0.062 or PCR of less than one (PCR < 1).Itsalso indicate that carrot has a comparative advantage with the value of the DRC 0.060 or DRC lessthan a (DRC < 1).The government policy is rated to inhibit the outpur export and protection againtslocale input by the value of an NPCO and NPCI is less than one.Overall the policy is still notsupporting development and improvement comparative advantage and competitive advantage forcarrot business in Katata.Keywords: competitiveness, carrots, export, Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)

scholarly journals Impact of Agricultural Price Policy on Major Crops in Egypt

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Moataz Eliw ◽  
Osman A. Ismail ◽  
Harb A. El-Bardisy
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Agricultural production, like other economic activities, is affected by the success of agricultural economic policies pursued by government from leaving the farmer free to cultivate his land with the desired crops and to take his production and marketing decisions in light of the mechanisms of supply and demand and the movement of prices in the markets without any intervention by the government. Therefore, the government's intervention influences the farmers' desire to grow any of the crops through its agricultural policies by imposing taxes or subsidizing inputs. To achieve the research objectives, we applied the Policy analysis matrix, where is one of the essential modern methods used in policy analysis. Besides, it helps to examine the impacts of government intervention policies across different stages of the flow of goods. In addition, it helps to assess and measure such policies' efficiency in achieving the hoped-for objectives and examine their impacts on producers, consumers, and the macro-level economic conditions. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) can be calculated by calculating nominal and effective protection coefficients and then identifying the policy adopted by the government, whether it is a protectionist policy or a policy of direct or indirect taxes on the producers of those crops. Also, the calculation of the cost of domestic resources to determine the relative advantage. Where wheat, maize, rice, and potatoes are among the most crucial strategic food and industrial crops in Egypt.

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