scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF CELL TYPE AND HAEMOCYTE MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA FRESHWATER CRAYFISH (Cherax cainii) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Bambang Widyo Prastowo ◽  
Ricky Lareu ◽  
Rima Caccetta ◽  
Ravi Fotedar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Forward Scatter ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Hemocyte Count ◽  
Scatter Parameter

The purpose of this study was to identify and morphologically characterize the hemocyte cell types of freshwater crayfish, Cherax cainii. In addition to morphological observations using a light microscope (LM) and electron transmission microscope (TEM), a flow cytometer (FCM) is also used. Three main types of haemocyte of C. cainii were identified by LM, TEM, and FCM. Determination of haemocyte by LM based on the number, size of cytoplasmic granules and the ratio of N:C. These cells are Hyaline (HC), Small Granule (SGC), and Large Granule (LGC) cells. Three types of haemocyte were also observed by TEM based on cell and nucleus size, granule diameter, number of cytoplasmic granules per cell and N:C. Haemocyte population was successfully detected with FCM based on forward scatter (FSC) signals, versus side scattering signals/side scatter (SSC), with plot data via scatter parameter gating. Three cluster formations were observed, which were temporarily classified as SGC, LGC, and HC regions. Morphometric analysis was performed with TEM on C. cainii haemocyte to measure various cellular features. Some morphological features vary between types of haemocyte and are also affected by temperature. Total hemocyte count (THC) and differential hemocyte count (DHC) are calculated using FCM. THC increases with higher temperatures, from 1,9 x 106 /ml at 20 °C to 4.9 x 106 /ml at 30 °C.  The most abundant hemocyte at all temperatures is HC, followed by SGC and LGC.

Effect of reticulocytosis on lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme distribution in serum: in vivo and in vitro studies

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1638-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Kazmierczak ◽  
W J Castellani ◽  
F Van Lente ◽  
E D Hodges ◽  
B Udis
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme ◽  
Disease Analysis

Abstract We investigated the effect of reticulocytosis on the lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) isoenzyme LD1/LD2 ratio in patients with and without evidence of hemolytic disease. Analysis of sera from patients with reticulocytosis and in vivo hemolysis showed a mean LD1/LD2 ratio of 0.92 compared with a ratio of 0.69 in patients with in vivo hemolysis and normal reticulocyte counts. Determination of LD isoenzymes in erythrocyte lysate revealed significantly increased LD1/LD2 ratios for patients with marked reticulocytosis compared with those for patients with normal-to-minimal increases in reticulocytes. Finally, separation of mature erythrocytes and reticulocytes by flow cytometry revealed marked differences in the LD1/LD2 isoenzyme distribution between these two cell types. The ability of hemolysis to cause a "flipped" LD1/LD2 ratio is dependent on the proportion of the hemolyzed cells that are reticulocytes.

scholarly journals High Throughput Screening Method for Identification of New Lipofection Reagents

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Regelin ◽  
Erhard Fernholz ◽  
Harald F. Krug ◽  
Ulrich Massing
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cationic Lipids ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Gene Assay

Lipofection, the transfer of genetic material into cells by means of cationic lipids, is of growing interest for in vitro and in vivo approaches. In order to identify ideal lipofection reagents in a HTS, we have developed an automated lipofection method for the transfer of reporter genes into cells and for determination of the lipofection results. The method has specifically been designed and optimized for 96-well microtiter plates and can successfully be carried out by a pipetting robot with accessory equipment. It consists of two separate parts: (1) pretransfection (preparation of liposomes, formation of lipoplexes, and lipoplex transfer to the cells) and (2) posttransfection (determination of the reporter enzyme activity and the protein content of the transfected cells). Individual steps of the lipofection method were specifically optimized—for example, lipoplex formation and incubation time as well as cell lysis, cell cultivating, and the reporter gene assay. The HTS method facilitates characterization of the transfection properties (efficiency and cytotoxicity) of large numbers of (cationic) lipids in various adherent cell types.

scholarly journals Fluorescence of yeast vitally stained with ethidium bromide and propidium iodide.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Corliss ◽  
W E White
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Wild Type Yeast

Both ethidium bromide and propidium iodide stain growing yeast. As visualized in the fluorescence microscope, ethidium stains the nucleus and cytoplasm in wild type yeast and in those grown in 10% dextrose, with brightly fluorescent cytoplasmic granules being present in both. Under the latter conditions, the mitochondria are repressed but not absent. In rho 0 cells, in which the mitochondrial DNA is absent, ethidium appears to bind to the cell wall or membrane preferentially with no cytoplasmic granules being visible. In all cell types, propidium appears to bind the cell wall or membrane with no cytoplasmic granules being visible in any cell. The staining patterns thus suggest greater differences in the binding of these two types to mitochondrial DNA in situ than is suggested by their in vitro behavior. These differences in binding could explain their different mutagenic capacities..

scholarly journals Effects of Sucrose Palmitate on the Physico-Chemical and Mucoadhesive Properties of Buccal Films

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5248
Author(s):  
András Kelemen ◽  
Bálint Katona ◽  
Szilvia Módra ◽  
Zoltán Aigner ◽  
István Sebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Permeation Enhancer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Positron Annihilation Lifetime ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Measured Contact Angle ◽  
Buccal Films

In our current research, sucrose palmitate (SP) was applied as a possible permeation enhancer for buccal use. This route of administration is a novelty as there is no literature on the use of SP in buccal mucoadhesive films. Films containing SP were prepared at different temperatures, with different concentrations of SP and different lengths of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) chains. The mechanical, structural, and in vitro mucoadhesive properties of films containing SP were investigated. Tensile strength and mucoadhesive force were measured with a device and software developed in our Institute. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD) were applied for the structure analysis of the films. Mucoadhesive work was calculated in two ways: from the measured contact angle and compared with direct mucoadhesive work, which measured mucoadhesive force, which is direct mucoadhesion work. These results correlate linearly with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. It is also novel because it is a new method for the determination of mucoadhesive work.

Sperm production of a pony stallion and the treatment of spermatozoa in vitro with special reference to artificial insemination of mares

1943 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chueh Chang
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
High Level

1. The sperm production of a pony stallion kept a constant high level when the collection of sperms was performed regularly three times a week. There was no adverse effect on the stallion or on the quantity and quality of the sperms. There is a negative correlation between the volume of semen and the concentration. The total number ejaculated remains relatively constant; the volume of accessory fluids is more variable.2. The motility of horse spermatozoa after dilution with eight different kinds of chemical media and stored at different temperatures was studied: Glucose-yolk-phosphate dilutor devised by Lamhert & McKenzie and glucose-yolk-tartrate dilutor devised by the author were found to be the best for the preservation of horse sperms at low temperature. There was not much difference between those diluted samples stored for 24 hr. at 10° C. and those slowly cooled to 1° C. Concentration of the semen by centrifuge is definitely beneficial for the preservation of horse sperms.3. Pregnancies were obtained by the insemination of sperms centrifuged and kept at 1° C. for 24 hr. The sperms of one stallion can be used for a great number of mares if artificial insemination is practised. The adoption of new techniques for the determination of the time of ovulation and for the induction of ovulation is suggested for successful artificial insemination of mares.

scholarly journals IMMUNE PROTECTION OF SALVINIA MOLESTA D.S. MITCHELL IN FRESHWATER CRAB OZIOTELPHUSA SENEX SENEX BACTERIALLY CHALLENGED WITH AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Nithya Tg ◽  
Jayanthi J ◽  
Ragunathan Mg ◽  
Devakumar D
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Freshwater Crab ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Hemocyte Count

  Objective: This is aimed to study the immune protection parameters of freshwater weed Salvinia molesta in bacterially challenged freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex.Methods: In this present study, ethanolic extract of freshwater weed S. molesta was tested for its ability to induce immunity in bacterial challenged freshwater crab O. senex senex. Male and female crabs were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila in relevant concentrations. The treated groups were allowed to withstand for 96 hrs. After relevant incubation time, the hemolymph of the treated crabs was subjected for various hematological, biochemical, and immunological assays.Results: Total hemocyte count increased on infection at 96 hrs, whereas significantly reduced on treatment with S. molesta at 96 hrs. All the three cell types of differential hemocytes showed significant positive changes on treatment. Levels of prophenoloxidase decreased significantly on infection and showed a significant increase in treated groups at 96 hrs of treatment.Conclusion: The present study elucidated the medicinal and pharmaceutical role of S. molesta weed which is been subjected to eradication in the recent days. Thus, the plant source can be utilized as an immunomodulatory agent and a better alternative to treat aquatic diseases.

Cytoplasmic Granules in Lymphocytes from Rats Dosed with SK&F 14336-D

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
T. G. Merrill ◽  
B. J. Payne ◽  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Storage Diseases ◽  
Tay Sachs Disease ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Neurovisceral Lipidosis

Rats given SK&F 14336-D (9-[3-Dimethylamino propyl]-2-chloroacridane), a tranquilizing drug, developed an increased number of vacuolated lymphocytes as observed by light microscopy. Vacuoles in peripheral blood of rats and humans apparently are rare and are not usually reported in differential counts. Transforming agents such as phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen induce similar vacuoles in in vitro cultures of lymphocytes. These vacuoles have also been reported in some of the lipid-storage diseases of humans such as amaurotic familial idiocy, familial neurovisceral lipidosis, lipomucopolysaccharidosis and sphingomyelinosis. Electron microscopic studies of Tay-Sachs' disease and of chloroquine treated swine have demonstrated large numbers of “membranous cytoplasmic granules” in the cytoplasm of neurons, in addition to lymphocytes. The present study was undertaken with the purpose of characterizing the membranous inclusions and developing an experimental animal model which may be used for the study of lipid storage diseases.

Ultrastructural Changes in Three Different Mammalian Cells Following Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
K. Shankar Narayan ◽  
Kailash C. Gupta ◽  
Tohru Okigaki
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

The biological effects of short-wave ultraviolet light has generally been described in terms of changes in cell growth or survival rates and production of chromosomal aberrations. Ultrastructural changes following exposure of cells to ultraviolet light, particularly at 265 nm, have not been reported.We have developed a means of irradiating populations of cells grown in vitro to a monochromatic ultraviolet laser beam at a wavelength of 265 nm based on the method of Johnson. The cell types studies were: i) WI-38, a human diploid fibroblast; ii) CMP, a human adenocarcinoma cell line; and iii) Don C-II, a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell strain. The cells were exposed either in situ or in suspension to the ultraviolet laser (UVL) beam. Irradiated cell populations were studied either "immediately" or following growth for 1-8 days after irradiation.Differential sensitivity, as measured by survival rates were observed in the three cell types studied. Pattern of ultrastructural changes were also different in the three cell types.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document