scholarly journals Perceived health and cause-specific mortality among Finnish men and women aged 30 and over

2002 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Martikainen Pekka ◽  
Aromaa Arpo ◽  
Lahelma Eero ◽  
Heliövaara Markku ◽  
Klaukka Timo
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Mortality

Perceived health is strongly associated with subsequent mortality, but the causes of this association are not known. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the association between perceived health and mortality after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, and to estimate whether the association varies by cause ofdeath. The study analyzed data from the Mini-Finland Health Survey, a nationally representative sample of 7,217 adults aged 30 and over in 1978-1980. A 12-year mortality follow-up was established by record linkage to death certificates at Statistics Finland. The study showed that perceived health was very strongly associated with mortality after sociodemographic adjustments; men reporting fairly poor or poor health had a 2.41 (95% confidence interval 1.96-2.96) times higher adjusted mortality than men reporting fairly good or good health. Among women, the corresponding relative risk was 1.71 (95% confidence interval 1.37-2.15). The strength of the association varied by cause of death. Future attempts to better understand the association between perceived health and mortality should begin at the cause-specific level. The explanations for the association are likely to vary for different diseases and causes of death.

scholarly journals Causes of Mortality in Older People With Intellectual Disability: Results From the HA-ID Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyt Oppewal ◽  
Josje D. Schoufour ◽  
Hanne J.K. van der Maarl ◽  
Heleen M. Evenhuis ◽  
Thessa I.M. Hilgenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract We aim to provide insight into the cause-specific mortality of older adults with intellectual disability (ID), with and without Down syndrome (DS), and compare this to the general population. Immediate and primary cause of death were collected through medical files of 1,050 older adults with ID, 5 years after the start of the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities (HA-ID) study. During the follow-up period, 207 (19.7%) participants died, of whom 54 (26.1%) had DS. Respiratory failure was the most common immediate cause of death (43.4%), followed by dehydration/malnutrition (20.8%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%). In adults with DS, the most common cause was respiratory disease (73.3%), infectious and bacterial diseases (4.4%), and diseases of the digestive system (4.4%). Diseases of the respiratory system also formed the largest group of primary causes of death (32.1%; 80.4% was due to pneumonia), followed by neoplasms (17.6%), and diseases of the circulatory system (8.2%). In adults with DS, the main primary cause was also respiratory diseases (51.1%), followed by dementia (22.2%).

scholarly journals Mental disorders and cause-specific mortality

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Joukamaa ◽  
Markku HeliöVaara ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
Arpo Aromaa ◽  
Raimo Raitasalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

BackgroundThe impact of clinically diagnosed mental disorders on mortality in the general population has not been established.AimsTo examine mental disorders for their prediction of cause-specific mortality.MethodMental disorders were determined using the 36-item version of the General Health Questionnaire and the Present State Examination in a nationally representative sample of 8000 adult Finns.ResultsDuring the 17-year follow-up period 1597 deaths occurred. The presence of a mental disorder detected at baseline was associated with an elevated mortality rate. The relative risk in men was 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.3–1.8) and in women, 1.4 (95% Cl 1.2–1.6). In men and women with schizophrenia the relative risks of death during the follow-up period were 3.3 (95% Cl 2.3–4.9) and 2.3 (95% Cl 1.3–3.8) respectively, compared with the rest of the sample. In both men and women with schizophrenia the risk of dying of respiratory disease was increased, but the risk of dying of cardiovascular disease was increased only in men with neurotic depression.ConclusionsSchizophrenia and depression are associated with an elevated risk of natural and unnatural deaths.

scholarly journals Guidelines-Driven Educational Intervention Promotes Healthy Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Adults: A Serbian National Longitudinal Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Višnja Đorđić ◽  
Predrag Božić ◽  
Ivana Milanović ◽  
Snežana Radisavljević ◽  
Maja Batez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Promoting Lifestyle ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background and objectives: The effectiveness of short-term focused educational programs to change health behaviors across large populations seems to be poorly described so far. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate an age-specific 45-min educational program, designed in accordance with the current U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture dietary guidelines and physical activity (PA) guidelines, among adolescents and adults. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the health-promoting lifestyle habits by the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) at baseline and following 6–8 weeks post-education in a nationally representative sample of Serbian adolescents and adults (n = 3822). Results: The percentage of adolescents eating 3–5 servings of vegetables per day increased at follow-up (20.1% versus 23.1%, p = 0.001), with significantly more adolescents regularly reading food labels (from 12.2% at baseline to 14.2% at follow-up; p = 0.02). Taken together, mean HPLP-II scores in adolescents significantly improved for both diet (0.05 points; p < 0.0001) and PA (0.09 points; p < 0.0001), and for PA in adults (0.08 points; p < 0.0001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that our model as a whole (including time of testing as a predictor variable, and age and gender as control variables) explained 3.0% of the variance in mean HPLP-II scores for diet (p = 0.942) and 3.0% for PA (p = 0.285) in adolescents, and 1.1% of the variance in HPLP-II scores for diet (p = 0.781) and 1.9% for PA (p = 0.075) in adults, respectively. Conclusions: It appears that a brief focused education can positively tackle unhealthy lifestyles in promoting good health in general population. Different modes of interactive communication used here appeared to strengthen participants’ capacities for lifestyle changes.

scholarly journals Trends and predictors in all-cause and cause-specific mortality in diabetic and reference populations during 21 years of follow-up

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213602
Author(s):  
Leo Niskanen ◽  
Timo Partonen ◽  
Anssi Auvinen ◽  
Jari Haukka
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Hospital District ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Cox's Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Operator

BackgroundPatients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a markedly higher overall mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), as well as many other causes of death like cancer. Since diabetes is a multisystem disease, this fact together with the increased lifespan among individuals with diabetes may also lead to the emergence of other diabetes-related complications and ultimately to diversification of the causes of death.MethodsThe study population of this observational historic cohort study consisted of subjects with DM, who had purchased for at least one insulin prescription and/or one oral antidiabetic between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2010 (N=199 354), and a reference population matched by age, sex and hospital district (N=199 354). Follow-up was continued until December 31, 2017. All-cause and cause-specific mortality (cancer, CHD and stroke) was analysed with Poisson and Cox’s regression. Associations between baseline medications and mortality were analysed using LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) models.ResultsThe mortality rates were significantly elevated among the patients with DM. However, the relative risk of all-cause mortality between the DM and reference populations tended to converge during the follow-up. The lowering trend was most apparent in CHD mortality. The difference between DM and reference populations in stroke mortality vanished with a later entrance to the follow-up period. There were a few differences between DM and no-DM groups with respect to how baseline medications were associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe gap between the mortality of patients with diabetes compared to subjects who are non-diabetic diminished markedly during the 21-year period. This was driven primarily by the reduced CHD mortality.

Outcome in biopsy-proven Lupus nephritis: Evaluation of biopsies from the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry

Lupus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
G E Norby ◽  
G Mjøen ◽  
R Bjørneklett ◽  
B E Vikse ◽  
H Holdaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Class Iv

Objective To evaluate long-term mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a cohort of Norwegian patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (LN). Methods Renal biopsies were obtained from 178 patients with LN from 1988 until 2007. Mortality rate and death causes were provided by Statistics Norway and ESRD data were provided by the Norwegian Renal Registry. Risk factors for all-cause mortality were evaluated by Cox regression. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was compared to observed deaths in a matched general population sample. Results Mean age was 37.6 (±14.4) years, and median time of follow-up was 8.5 years (0–26.2). Thirty-six patients (20.2%) died during follow-up. The SMR for all-cause mortality was 5.6 (Confidence interval [CI] 3.7–7.5). In an adjusted multivariate analysis proliferative glomerulonephritis (LN class IV) was independently associated with all-cause mortality; hazard ratio (HR) 2.6 (Confidence interval [CI] 1.2–5.7 p = 0.017). Main causes of death were infections (47.2%) and cardiovascular events 8 (22.2%). Thirty-six patients (20.2%) reached ESRD. Conclusions Biopsy-proven LN is associated with increased mortality compared to the general population. LN class IV is associated with all-cause mortality. Infections and cardiovascular events were the most common causes of death. Patients with LN have a high incidence of ESRD.

Comparing Underlying and Contributory Cause of Death in Registry Data With End-of-Life Proxy Interviews: Findings From The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482093529
Author(s):  
Mark Ward ◽  
Peter May ◽  
Charles Normand ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
Anne Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Underlying Cause Of Death ◽  
Kappa Agreement ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Cause of death is an important outcome in end-of-life (EOL) research. However, difficulties in assigning cause of death have been well documented. We compared causes of death in national death registrations with those reported in EOL interviews. Data were from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older. The kappa agreement statistic was estimated to assess the level of agreement between two methods: cause of death reported in EOL interviews and those recorded in official death registrations. There was moderate agreement between underlying cause of death recorded on death certificates and those reported in EOL interviews. Discrepancies in reporting in EOL interviews were systematic with better agreement found among younger decedents and where the EOL informant was the decedents’ partner/spouse. We have shown that EOL interviews may have limited utility if the main goal is to understand the predictors and antecedents of different causes of death.

Causes of death among patients with multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1437-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja-Liisa Sumelahti ◽  
Matti Hakama ◽  
Irina Elovaara ◽  
Eero Pukkala
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
High Mortality Risk ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios

Background: Several studies show a high mortality risk among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: In this study, mortality and underlying causes of death were analysed among patients with MS diagnosed between 1964—1993 in Finland ( n = 1595). Methods: Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for both genders. The follow-up was based on linkage to the national computerized Cause-of-Death Register of Statistics Finland. Results: Altogether, 464 deaths were recorded by the end of 2006. The SMR as compared with the general population among females was 3.4 (95% confidence interval 3.0—3.9) and among males 2.2 (1.9—2.6). In total, 270 patients (58%) died from MS; only one of these deaths occurred during the first 2 years after the MS diagnosis. Mortality was also increased for other natural causes of death ( n = 160) in patients followed for more than 10 years (SMR 1.4, 1.2—1.7), with a significant increase in deaths from influenza (29, 6.0—85), pneumonia (4.7, 2.5—8.0) and gastrointestinal causes (4.4, 2.3—7.7). The SMR for violent causes was 1.2 (0.7—1.9) and for alcohol-related deaths 0.2 (0.02—0.7). The SMR for suicides was 1.7 (0.9—2.7). Conclusions: The MS population has an increased disease mortality, while the increase in the risk of accidents and suicides is not significantly increased among patients with MS in Finland.

Dementia and ‘borderline dementia’ in Britain: 8-year incidence and post-screening outcomes

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Clarke ◽  
K. Morgan ◽  
J. Lilley ◽  
T. Arie ◽  
R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Orientation Scale ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Age And Sex

SynopsisSurvivors from a nationally representative sample of elderly people originally screened in 1985 were reassessed in 1989 and again in 1993. On each occasion respondents were rated as cognitively impaired, borderline impaired or unimpaired (using a brief information/orientation scale), with the validity of these ratings assessed in subsequent clinical interviews. Where follow-up screening was not possible, information was derived from death certificates and hospital case-notes. Over 8 years (1985–93) the overall incidence rate per person–year at risk was 1·58%, giving age-specific rates of 0·72, 1·32, 1·63, 3·46, 2·55 and 1·41% for the age groups 65–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, 85–89 and ≥ 90 respectively. Of 43 individuals classified at screening as borderline impaired in 1985 and 1989, 19 were diagnosed as demented at clinical interviews conducted within 16 weeks of screening. Four-year follow-ups among the remaining 24 showed that 15 had died, while 6 showed a worsened cognitive status. Controlling for both age and sex, aggregated 4-year mortality was significantly higher among those defined at screening in 1985 and 1989 as either impaired or borderline, when compared with the unimpaired.

scholarly journals CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY OF OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
P.D. St. John ◽  
S.L. Tyas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To determine which causes of death are most closely associated with depressive symptoms. Methods: 1751 community-living older adults were assessed in 1991 and followed five years later. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression (CES-D) scale. Death certificates were reviewed independently by two reviewers. Multinomial logistic regression models were adjusted for age and gender, and constructed with specific causes of death as the outcome compared to the reference category of being alive at time 2. Results: Death certificates were available for 253 (59%) of the 429 deceased participants. Those with depressive symptoms were more likely to die from cardiovascular diseases, stroke, respiratory diseases and non-specific syndromes, but not from infections or neoplasms. There were few deaths due to neurologic, renal, and gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms may be associated with death due to cardiovascular disease, stroke and respiratory disease.

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