Повышение безопасности электротехнического персонала путем профессионального отбора

Author(s):  
V.V. Mikhaylov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Bogdanov ◽  
S.V. Mikhaylova ◽  
◽  
...  

The statistics of occupational injuries in the Russian Federation are analyzed. For 2019–2020 there was an increase in occupational injuries and fatal injuries. It was also revealed that among incidents at the workplace, electrical injuries are less common, but cases of electric shock most often result in high-severity injuries and fatal case. As a rule, electrical personnel suffer from electrical injuries. Professional selection of electrical personnel is proposed as one of the ways to reduce occupational injuries. Electrical personnel must have certain qualities (developed at the required level of thinking, attention, responsibility for the result of work, for their own and other people lives, communicative potential, moral standards, etc.) that allow employees to carry out their activities, which will contribute to improving occupational safety. Therefore, professional selection must consider the peculiarities of working with electrical installations. Occupational safety is also influenced by the tension of the labor process. In this regard, the fragments of the protocols on the indicators of the intensity of electrical personnel labor process, which were drawn up during the assessment of working conditions, were analyzed. It is noted that each profession related to electrical personnel differs in the class of working conditions according to the factors of labor process intensity at the workplace. Situations can also be observed when one profession at the different workplaces can have a different class of working conditions for the same indicators of labor process intensity. Based on the analysis of the protocols, it can be concluded that professional selection should consider the characteristics of the electrical personnel, as well as the classes of working conditions according to the indicators available in the protocols of the labor process intensity.

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Смирнова ◽  
Marina Smirnova ◽  
Кохова ◽  
Irina Kokhova

Labour protection is one of the areas in the sphere of enterprise activity. Development of audit activity in the protection of labor will give the development of the system of external and internal audit, as an alternative to the system of state control. The article deals with the modern understanding of the conditions and safety. The definitions of “Working Environment”, “Working Conditions”, “Occupational Safety and Health.” It reveals the importance of health and safety for today’s workers. The author analyzes the current situation in the Russian Federation in the field of health and safety based on the data of Rosstat. We investigate occupational diseases, injuries, accidents at work. We investigate promising areas of assessment of working conditions on the basis of modern organization of audit of indicators such as the causes and conditions of occupational injuries for the previous period, especially the use of advanced technology and safe technology; ergonomic devices that protect the rights, etc.


Author(s):  
A. Luzakov ◽  
D. Tkachenko

Special assessment of working conditions (SAWС) is a set of measures to identify harmful and (or) dangerous factors of the production environment and the labor process and assess the level of their impact on the employee. SAWС is regulated by the law of the Russian Federation and is mandatory for employers organizations. The current rules have been applied in practice relatively recently, since 2014. Despite a lot of comments on the legal aspects of SAWС, there is little research on the subjective perception of customers and performers of problems related to special assessment. The article presents some of the results of a survey of experts who conduct SAWС and representatives of customer organizations. The difficulties and reasons for dissatisfaction arising during the SAWС are identified, which relate to the choice of the contractor, the interest and involvement of customers, and compliance with procedures and deadlines by both parties. Based on the results of the survey and regulatory documents, step-by-step recommendations were developed and presented to help customer organizations. Recommendations contain a list of common errors that should be avoided. They will allow you to properly prepare and conduct all the stages of the SAWС, starting from the formation of the Commission to the application of the results.


2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
L. Seregina

The article highlights the main directions of development of legislation on labor protection in the Russian Federation. It draws attention to the fact that in the digital economy there is a change in approaches to the regulation of labor protection. In particular, there is a gradual departure from strict regulation of relations in the field of labor protection and the transition to more flexible forms. The author concludes that in the future legislation on labor protection will develop in the direction of expanding understanding of labor protection, providing flexibility to respond to the emergence of new areas of professional activity while individualizing approaches to preserving the health of workers. Among the priorities will remain such areas as improving the mechanisms for preventing occupational injuries and occupational morbidity, encouraging employers and workers to improve working conditions and maintaining health, motivating workers to maintain a healthy lifestyle.


2020 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
I. P. Karnachev ◽  
◽  
V. G. Nikolaev ◽  
N. K. Smirnova ◽  
P. I. Karnachev ◽  
...  

The statistical reporting system in the Russian Federation, based on the forms and indicators approved by the Federal State Statistics Service, allows monitoring current situation and dynamics of changes in occupational safety and working conditions of employees per industries and types of economic activity of production plants. At the same time, the Russian system of monitoring labor safety protection is ineffective for research, analysis, control, transmission, dissemination and use of information about the causes, circumstances and consequences of occupational injuries on the scale of a plant and a workplace. The comparison of the analysis results in the countries of the European Union and in the Russian Federation shows that focusing on reducing the number of industrial accidents by collecting detailed information allows using this information to identify the main health problems at production sites, as well as developing corrective long-term prevention programs for injuries and diseases. This should be preceded by the theoretical analysis, including development and justification of the structure of the monitoring system, as well as its strategies, goals and objectives that must be solved during implementation.


2019 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
T.V. Vodopian

State policy in the field of occupational safety is aimed at creating proper, safe, and healthy working conditions, prevention of accidents and occupational injuries. Despite this, unfortunately, in Ukraine, many injuries, as well as deaths resulting from workplace injuries and illnesses, are recorded annually. According to the requirements of the labor legislation, the owner or his authorized body shall be entrusted with ensuring safe and harmless working conditions. Moral damage caused by workplace injuries and illness issues is governed by the rules of civil law and labor law and social security law. In the event of harm to an employee, the employer has a duty to compensate for material and moral damage, whereby the latter is liable to compensation if the violations of the employee’s legal rights have resulted in moral suffering, loss of normal life ties, and require him / her extra life for organizing. Both the employer and the Social Insurance Fund are subject to compensation for material damage caused to the employee as a result of workplace injuries and illnesses, and only the employer is responsible for moral damage. There are no clear algorithms for calculating the number of moral damages, the lower or the upper limit, and the court must consider the requirements of reasonableness and fairness in determining the number of moral damages. Moral damage is compensated irrespective of the material damage to be recovered and is not related to the amount of such compensation. The amount of moral damage is determined by the court depending on the nature of the offense, the depth of physical and mental suffering, impairment of the victim’s abilities, or deprivation of their ability to realize them, the degree of guilt of the person who caused the moral harm, if the fault is grounds for compensation, and also taking into account other essential circumstances. An analysis of the case-law on claims by persons who have received workplace injuries and illnesses or their close relatives to employers for compensation for moral damage indicates that courts have applied unequal substantive law rules and a large range of amounts recovered for moral damage. Keywords: moral harm, industrial injury, workplace illness, employer, employee.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (48) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Melnichenko O ◽  
◽  
Sorochynska O ◽  
Kulbovskyi I ◽  
◽  
...  

The article investigates the ways and means of improving and perfecting the state of labor protection at transport enterprises of Ukraine through the implementation of international standards for risk management and occupational safety. A detailed analysis of international standards for occupational safety, and their main benefits that improve the health and safety of enterprises. The object of research is international standards on occupational safety and risk management. The purpose of the work is to analyze the implementation and use of international standards on occupational safety and risk management at Ukrainian transport enterprises. Research methods - analytical. Quality management of labor protection at enterprises is one of the priority areas of transport enterprises in order to reduce occupational injuries and improve working conditions. In order to effectively manage labor protection in transport enterprises, the authors of the article propose the introduction of international standards in the field of occupational safety and risk management in Ukraine. Examining the chosen topic, it was found that in many works that devoted to the application of international standards on occupational safety was not a generalization of all regulations and standards on labor protection and risk management in the enterprise. The main directions for the implementation of international standards for occupational safety and risk management in transport enterprises of Ukraine are proposed. The results of research can be recommended for implementation in the management system of labor protection at transport enterprises of Ukraine. KEY WORDS: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS, RISK ASSESSMENT, IMPROVING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY CONDITIONS, MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.


Author(s):  
D.A. Mutuli ◽  
H. A. Onyoyo ◽  
P.W. Makhonge

In both the agricultural and industrial sectors, working conditions of the workers are far from satisfactory leading to excessive drudgery and a host of occupational injuries and accidents. Workers are forced to endure working environments that lack any consideration in aspects of occupational health, safety and comfort. About 60 per cent of the employed people in Kenya are in small-scale industries. The sugar industry in Kenya has seventy-one (71) small-scale sugarcane processing establishments scattered throughout the Sugar Belt employing labour-intensive techniques and providing essential employment to the rural people. The work environment is unsatisfactory and management is often unaware of the poor working conditions and the types of improvements that can enhance productivity. Given the important role played by these establishments in the rural economy, a qualitative study of these establishments was undertaken with a view to mapping out the occupational safety and health problems afflicting them. This paper, therefore, attempts to analyse the situation and thereby chart out a strategy for improvement designed to enhance productivity while improving safety and health. It concludes by proposing an awareness campaign targeted specifically to the small-scale manufacturing establishments on the importance of occupational safety and health together with the setting up of a scholarship scheme to assist these establishments gain access to the awareness campaigns currently going on in the country.


Author(s):  
I.P. Karnachev ◽  
◽  
S.P. Levashov ◽  
N.K. Smirnova ◽  
P.I. Karnachev ◽  
...  

The analysis of official statistics shows that the existing mechanisms for reducing the risks of occupational injuries, based on monitoring traditional indicators of occupational safety, and financing a set of appropriate preventive measures, largely exhausted their potential. They do not contribute to further formation of a stable trend to reduce the occupational injuries. The phased abandonment of prescriptive regulation in the industry of the Russian Federation makes it inevitable to introduce the concept of the goal of activities on ensuring occupational safety and health. Approaches to managing safety of the organizational processes when measuring the efficiency of the occupational health and safety management system should be based on active monitoring and continuous improvement of the performance indicators of the relevant processes. The relevance and need for a comprehensive solution of the theoretical, methodological and applied problems of monitoring efficiency in the field of ensuring safety of employees labor in the industry of the Russian Federation, as well as the imperfection of the scientific and methodological base and the state system of the operative management of occupational risks require the development of adequate and efficient solutions for improving the level of occupational safety, reduction of deaths and injurie rate. The essence of the concept of proactive monitoring of safety is that the efficiency of planning and monitoring in the field of ensuring safety at all levels (state, industry, corporate, etc.) should be justified using measurable indicators (indices) of the efficiency of ensuring safety and corresponding values of the target and threshold safety levels. The paper focuses on the problems of developing a proactive monitoring system for occupational safety, and the use of leading indicators for monitoring occupational safety and health state in real time, as well as to respond appropriately.


1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
N. N. Gorkhov ◽  
N. Kh. Amirov ◽  
V. V. Morozov ◽  
L. K. Yampolskaya ◽  
T. Z. Minniyarova

TASSR is one of the most developed industrial regions of the Russian Federation and is represented by enterprises of chemistry and petrochemistry, mechanical engineering and instrument-making, light, woodworking and printing industries, construction industry, etc. In this connection the work of occupational hygienists is aimed at creating optimal working conditions, reducing occupational injuries and morbidity with temporary loss of ability to work.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kamenskа ◽  
O. Bokshyts

To investigate the state of industrial injuries (including fatalities) in Ukraine in general and in the agro-industrial complex for the period from 2011 to 2017, and to identify ways to increase the level of occupational safety.Investigation of the condition of occupational injuries in the conditions of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine was carried out using the probabilistic-statistical method of analysis. In the study, we used the statistical method of analysis of occupational injuries in Ukraine from 2011 till – 2017, which is based on the study of injuries according to the report of the State Labor Service of Ukraine.For the first time the analysis of occupational injuries in Ukraine from 2011 till-2017was carried out according to the report of the State Labor Service of Ukraine. The ways of raising the level of labor protection in agriculture are proposed.On the basis of analysis of the data of the State Labor Service of Ukraine for the period of 2011-2017, it has been established that the state of occupational injuries is declining, both in Ukraine as a whole and in the agro-industrial complex. Despite the fact that the level of injuries in the aforementioned years decreased, it should be noted that the industry of the agro-industrial complex in the period 2011-2014 took the third place in Ukraine by the level of injury and the second place – by the level of injuries with fatalities, and in the period 2015-2017 – third and first place respectively.In 2011, in the agro-industrial sector, 10,0% of the total number of traumatized people was injured at enterprises of Ukraine, and 17.9% of the total number of deaths were injured, in 2012, respectively, 9,9 and 18,6 in 2013 – 9,9 and 16,4, in 2014 – 10,9 and 17,3, in 2015 – 14,1 and 22,4, in 2016 – 13,1 and 20,8, and in 2017 – 12,5 and 20,5%.An analysis of the state of occupational injuries in the areas of supervision was conducted. The obtained results may be used as to prevent and eliminate potential hazards.In order to improve the work of the service on labor protection, it is continuously necessary to analyze the state of occupational injuries in the areas of supervision. This will enable you to prevent and eliminate potential hazards. Therefore, in order to create safe and harmless working conditions, it is constantly necessary to improve the legal regulation of labor protection in agriculture, to update the rules, norms, standards, instructions, regulations in accordance with the development of NTP and modern technical support of the agro-industrial complex and apply the experience of the world.To reduce occupational injuries, it is necessary to develop and implement a sectoral system of labor protection management; to increase the efficiency of labor protection work at agricultural enterprises of all types of property; to provide employees with regulatory and labor protection laws, which take into account modern labor safety requirements; to intensify control over compliance with safety standards and working conditions in the workplace, paying particular attention to the technical aspects of occupational safety.The analysis of the condition of occupational injuries in the field of supervision provides an opportunity to assess the dynamics of occupational injuries (including fatalities), to anticipate, eliminate potential hazards in production and to propose perspective ways to increase the level of labor protection in Ukraine.Keywords: occupational safety, innovations, legal regulation, the raised danger, an industrial traumatism, the dynamics of fatal injuries, agro-industrial complex, sectoral regulations on labor protection.кандидат сільськогосподарських наук,  доцент, І. Каменська;  кандидат історичних наук, доцент, О. Бокшиц, Сучасний стан виробничого травматизму в умовах агропромислового комплексу України: проблеми та перспективи/ ДВНЗ «Переяслав-Хмельницький державний педагогічний університет імені Григорія Сковороди», Україна, Переяслава-ХмельницькийУ статті здійснено аналіз виробничого травматизму в Україні за 2011-2017 рр. за даними звіту Державної служби України з питань праці. Запропоновано перспективні шляхи підвищення рівня охорони праці в сільському господарстві.На основі аналізу даних Державної служби України з питань праці за період 2011-2017 роки встановлено, що стан виробничого травматизму йде на спад, як в Україні в цілому, так і в АПК. Не зважаючи на те, що рівень травматизму у вищезгадані роки зменшувався, слід відзначити, що галузь агропромислового комплексу в період 2011-2014 роки займала третє місце в Україні за рівнем травматизму та друге місце – за рівнем травматизму зі смертельними випадками, а в період 2015-2017 рр. – третє та перше місце, відповідно.За 2011 рік у галузі агропромислового комплексу травмовано 10,0 % від загальної кількості травмованих осіб на підприємствах України, та загинуло – 17,9 % від загальної кількості смертних випадків, за 2012 рік відповідно – 9,9 та 18,6, за 2013 рік – 9,9 та 16,4, за 2014 рік – 10,9 та 17,3,  за 2015 рік – 14,1 та 22,4,  за 2016 рік – 13,1 та 20,8  й за 2017 рік – 12,5 та 20,5 %Для вдосконалення роботи служби з питань охорони праці, слід постійно проводити аналіз стану виробничого травматизму в галузях нагляду. Це дасть можливість достроково запобігти та вилучити можливі небезпеки. Отже, для створення безпечних та нешкідливих умов праці, необхідно постійно вдосконалювати правове регулювання охорони праці в сільському господарстві, оновлювати правила, норми, стандарти, інструкції, нормативно-правові акти відповідно до розвитку НТП та сучасного технічного забезпечення агропромислового комплексу та застосовувати досвід країн світу. Для зменшення виробничого травматизму необхідно розробити і впровадити галузеву систему управління охороною праці; підвищити ефективність працеохоронної роботи на сільськогосподарських підприємствах усіх видів власності; забезпечити працівників нормативно-правовими актами з охорони праці, де враховано сучасні вимоги безпеки праці; активізувати контроль за додержанням нормативів безпеки та умов праці на робочих місцях, звернувши особливу увагу на технічні аспекти охорони праці. Аналіз стану виробничого травматизму в галузях нагляду дає можливість оцінити динаміку виробничого травматизму (в тому числі смертельні випадки), завчасно передбачити, вилучити можливі небезпеки на виробництві та запропонувати  перспективні шляхи підвищення рівня охорони праці в Україні.Ключові слова: охорона праці, інновації, правове регулювання, підвищена небезпека, виробничий травматизм, динаміка смертельного травматизму, агропромисловий комплекс,  галузеві нормативні акти з охорони праці


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