scholarly journals Shea Shells and Press-Cake as New Sources of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds: GC MS Profile and in vitro Antioxidant Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
A. B. Kouakou ◽  
G. G. Doué ◽  
R.-M. Mégnanou ◽  
A. E. S. Djoman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Shea nuts shells and press cake are shea butter processing byproducts. Their content in phenolic bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity were studied. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents ranged between 16.962-21.395 mg GAE/100g DM and 0.243-1.83 mg QE/100g DM, for press-cake and shells, respectively. Antioxidant capacity values assessed by EC50 using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods were in the range of 0.398-0.235 mg/mL, 0.623-0.465 mg/mL and 0.137-0.154 mg/mL for shea press-cake and shells, respectively. Shea shells recorded the highest total phenolic and flavonoid compounds positively correlated with DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging. Catechins, arbutin and gallic acid were the most abundant phenolic compound identified by GC-MS chromatography with 10.4; 2.1 and 0.8 g/100 g in shea shells and 2.2; 2.6 and 2.6 g/100 g in press-cake. Based on this phenolic composition shea nuts shells and press cake could be of great importance in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, and also contribute to preventing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS LEAF EXTRACTS OF CANTHIUM COROMANDELICUM(BURM.F.) ALSTON.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
R.shabi Ruskin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Peroxide Radical ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and to explore the antioxidant potential of various leaf extracts (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) of Canthium coromandelicum, which is considered traditionally as an important medicinal plant.Methods: Antioxidant properties of the extracts were assessed using 1, 1- diphenyl -2- picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays for ascorbic acid equivalents. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also investigated to determine their correlation with the antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts and expressed in Gallic acid and quercetin equivalents, respectively.Results: The results showed that the content of total phenols and flavonoids was found to be high in ethyl acetate extract which was recorded as 61.02±1.30 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g) and 81.72±0.61 QE/g, respectively. Compared to other extracts, ethyl acetate leaf extract was found to possess high antioxidant activity at p<0.05 level, with high percentage of inhibition at 100 μg/ml concentration (82.70%) toward hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging with IC50 value 62.94 μg/ml. Statistically, two-tailed Pearson’s correlation showed strong positive correlations between hydrogenperoxide radical scavenging activity and total phenolic contents (TPC) (r=1.000) at p<0.05 level.Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly signifies that the ethyl acetate leaf extract of C. coromandelicum has high content of total phenols which are correlated to its antioxidant activity and thus has the potential to use as a source of natural antioxidants and can be explored as a therapeutic agent in free radical induced diseases.Keywords: Canthium coromandelicum, In-vitro antioxidant activity, Ethyl acetate extract, Pearson’s correlation, 1, 1- diphenyl -2- picrylhydrazyl, Hydrogen peroxide, Nitric oxide, Superoxide.

scholarly journals Establishing Relationship between Vitamins, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities in Various Honey Types

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4399
Author(s):  
Norhasnida Zawawi ◽  
Pei Juin Chong ◽  
Nurul Nadhirah Mohd Tom ◽  
Nurkhairina Solehah Saiful Anuar ◽  
Salma Malihah Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Honey is a well-known natural sweetener and is rich in natural antioxidants that prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is responsible for many human diseases. Some of the biochemical compounds in honey that contribute to this property are vitamins and phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the extent to which these molecules contribute towards the antioxidant capacity in vitro is inconsistently reported, especially with the different analytical methods used, as well as other extrinsic factors that influence these molecules’ availability. Therefore, by reviewing recently published works correlating the vitamin, total phenolic, and flavonoid content in honey with its antioxidant activities in vitro, this paper will establish a relationship between these parameters. Based on the literature, vitamins do not contribute to honey’s antioxidant capacity; however, the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids has an impact on honey’s antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals IN VITRO - ANTIOXIDANT AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF AEGLE MARMELOS (L.) CORREA. LEAF EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Samidha M Pawaskar ◽  
Sasangan Kc
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: In this study, the leaf powder of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa. was subjected to preliminary phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant analysis. Methods: The freshly prepared plant leaf extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and steroids. Reducing power, superoxide (SO) anion radical, nitric oxide (NO) radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the methanolic leaf extract of this plant. The amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were also determined. Results: This study has revealed that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. leaf extract showed considerably high amounts of most of the phytochemicals, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. The study also indicated that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. showed comparatively good scavenging activity, i.e., inhibition of hydroxyl radical, NO and SO anion scavenging and reducing power activities when compared with the respective standards. Conclusion: The leaf powder of A. marmelos (L.) Correa. can be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidant and as a possible food supplement or in pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity of Three Silene Extracts Obtained by Ultrasonication-Assisted Extraction (UAE)

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sengul Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Genus Silene ◽  
Silene Species

Many plants with high antioxidant activity are great of significant in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Oxidative stress plays a major part in the development of many diseases including cancer, which is known imbalance free radicals and antioxidants. Herein, new natural antioxidant compounds have great interest in the scientific research. The genus Silene is a major group in the Caryophyllaceae family. In Turkey, Silene species have been used for several medicinal purposes such as skin softening, asthma, bronchitis. In our study, the antioxidant capacity of three Silene species (S. conoidea, S. dichotoma and S. italica) were evaluated by different in vitro assays, including free radical scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating, and phosphomolybdenum. In addition, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were analyzed spectrophotometrically. The water extracts contained higher total phenolic content than ethyl acetate extracts. All extracts showed antioxidant capacity. This data indicated that Silene species could potentially be used as antioxidant sources in pharmaceutical and cosmetic areas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging and Polyphenolic Contents of Bark of Pterygota alata Roxb

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jahan ◽  
M. S. Parvin ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
N. Das ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Pterygota alata is a large deciduous tree of Malvaceae family. The present study was designed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity of stem bark of the plant. Ferric reducing power (FRP) test, 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging test and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay were used to detect the antioxidant activity. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined as they are well known phytochemicals with antioxidant property. The bark of the plant showed efficient reducing power as well as free radical scavenging property (IC50 values 52.25 - 172.05). The bark also found rich in total phenolic and flavonoid content. The highest amount of total phenolic content was found in chloroform soluble fraction (29.898 µg/mL) followed by ethyl acetate soluble fraction (15.88 µg/mL). The highest content of total flavonoid also detected in chloroform soluble fraction (107.56 µg/mL) but followed by crude ethanol extract (98.66 µg/mL). Overall, the bark of the plant possesses significant antioxidant activity, therefore can be used as a good natural source of antioxidant. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.17586 J. Sci. Res. 6 (3), 543-552 (2014)

scholarly journals Root extracts of Anacardium occidentale reduce hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Archana ◽  
K Soumya ◽  
Jesna James ◽  
Sudheesh Sudhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Root Extracts

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, and the associated oxidative stress is a major concern that invites an array of diabetic complications. The traditional practices of medicare are of great, current interest due to the high cost and side effects of conventional diabetic medications. The present in vitro study focuses on evaluating the potential of various A. occidentale root extracts for their antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials. Materials and methods The four different solvent extracts petroleum ether (PEAO), chloroform (CHAO), ethyl acetate (EAAO), and 80 % methanol (80 % MAO) of A. occidentale roots were evaluated for their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity. Using MIN6 pancreatic β-cells, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated by MTT assay and the antidiabetic potential by quantifying the insulin levels by ELISA at a higher concentration of glucose. The effect of 80 % MAO on INS gene expression was determined by qRT PCR analysis. Results Among the four different solvent extracts of A. occidentale roots, 80 % MAO showed the highest concentration of phenolics (437.33 ± 0.03 µg GAE/mg), CHAO to be a rich source of flavonoids (46.04 ± 0.1 µg QE/mg) and with the highest total antioxidant capacity (1865.33 ± 0.09 µg AAE/ mg). Evaluation of the free radical scavenging and reducing properties of the extracts indicated 80 % MAO to exhibit the highest activity. The MTT assay revealed the least cytotoxicity of all four extracts. 80 % MAO enhanced INS up-regulation as well as insulin secretion even under high glucose concentration (27mM). Conclusions The present study demonstrated that the A. occidentale root extracts have effective antihyperglycemic and antioxidative properties, together with the potential of normalizing the insulin secretory system of β-cells. Above mentioned properties have to be studied further by identifying the active principles of A. occidentale root extracts and in vivo effects. The prospect of the present study is identifying drug leads for better management of diabetes from the A. occidentale root extracts. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity of Melissa Officinalis L. on Biological Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Juliana Metzner Franco ◽  
Silvana Marina Piccoli Pugine ◽  
Antônio Márcio Scatoline ◽  
Mariza Pires De Melo
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Frap Assay

The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant capacity of Melissa extract (ME) (Melissa officinalis L.) and its protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage in erythrocytes. ME used in present study was obtained by rota-evaporation of the crude extract (ethanol:water/dried leaves). Total phenolic and flavonoids contend determination, 176.8 ± 13.2 mg GAE/g dw and  26.2 ± 3.2 mg QE/g dw, respectively).  Total equivalent antioxidant activities, TEAC in mg TE/g dw, were 61.4 ± 5.5 and 512.4 ± 77.2 for respective FRAP assay and DPPH• radical-scavenging. The ME acts as an antioxidant on NO and O2•-, when ME exerted a higher antioxidant action on NO scavenging to compared to the ascorbic acid (1.9 times), however, the antioxidant capacity of ME on O2•- was lower than ascorbic acid (5.6 times). The values of hemolysis inhibition from ME (IC50, 2.0 ± 0.5 mg/mL) were higher than ascorbic acid (IC50, 7.1 ± 1.8 mg/mL). Extract of Melissa was able to eliminate biological free radicals, suggesting a potential to prevent oxidative damage in vivo. In fact, the ME exerted protective action on cell membrane lysis in situ.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacities of Jujube Fruit Seeds and Peel Pulp

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Sheng Lin ◽  
Wen-Shin Lin ◽  
Jing-Wen Tung ◽  
Ya-Chih Cheng ◽  
Min-Yun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Jujube Fruit

In this study, the effects of different fruit parts and extraction conditions on the antioxidant properties of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit were investigated. Five in vitro antioxidant models and statistical analyses were performed. The results revealed that jujube peel with pulp (peel pulp) exhibited better antioxidant capacity than did seeds. Overall, jujube peel pulp extracted using 50% ethanol at 60 °C exhibited the best antioxidant capacity in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (0.3 ± 0 mg/mL), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity (0.5 ± 0 mg/mL), total phenolic content (38.3 ± 0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight), total flavonoid content (43.8 ± 0.2 mg quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight), and reducing power (41.9 ± 2.2 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per gram dry weight). The results indicated that jujube peel pulp is a more potential natural antioxidant than seeds.

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