scholarly journals Absorber Sizing and Costing Required to Control SO2 Emission from A Combustion System

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
N. Harry-Ngei ◽  
A. A. Ujile ◽  
P. N. Ede
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Column Wall ◽  
The Cost

This work was predicated on the design and costing of a packed column absorber required to remove SO2 from an air/SO2 mixture. The absorber is intended to be developed into an already existing combustion system as a retrofit. The gas flow rate basis of the computation was 40,000Kg/h. The Onda Method was used to estimate the column height as 9m and the column diameter as 2.5m while the column wall thickness as well as the domed head thickness was found to be 9mm using the BS 5500 Standard Method. In order to limit expenses, H2O was utilized as the absorber solvent and a flow rate of 29.5Kg/s to limit solvent usage. A pressure drop of 20mmH2O/m was assumed in the design with metal pall rings of diameter 51mm and surface area of 102m2/m3 chosen as the packing material. The study estimated a profound $306,559.87 as the cost of the absorber required to remove 95% SO2 content from the combustion waste stream. 

PENGARUH LARUTAN BENFIELD, LAJU ALIR GAS PROSES, DAN BEBAN REBOILER TERHADAP ANALISA KINERJA KOLOM CO2 ABSORBER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULATOR ASPEN PLUS V. 8.6

Konversi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bagus Kurniadi ◽  
Dexa Rahmadan ◽  
Gusti Riyan Febriyanto ◽  
Ari Susandy Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
Co2 Output ◽  
The Cost

 Abstrak-Absorbsi adalah operasi pemisahan solute dari fasa gas ke fasa cair, yaitu dengan mengontakkan gas yang berisi solute dengan pelarut cair yang tidak menguap. Penerapan absorbsi dalam industri untuk mengambil suatu komponen dari campuran gas suatu produk reaksi, salah satu komponen yang sering dipisahkan adalah gas CO2. Pengurangan kadar CO2 dari aliran gas proses dapat menghindari poisoning katalis sintesis serta dapat mengurangi biaya operasi. Penentuan properties yang digunakan dalam simulasi program Aspen Plus v.8.6 adalah property ELECNRTL dan equilibirium vapour-liquid. Metode yang digunakan pada simulasi/penelitian ini adalah melakukan penentuan laju alir gas proses kolom absorber terdiri dari pengambilan data dan pengolahan data yang kemudian dilakukan simulasi. Tujuan dari simulasi ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil kadar keluaran CO2 pada kolom CO2 absorber pada kondisi aktual dibandingkan dengan data desain, yang ditinjau dari pengaruh konsentrasi larutan Benfield, laju sirkulasi larutan Benfield, laju alir dari gas proses, serta pengaruh reboiler duty pada kolom absorber. Berdasarkan hasilnya, keluaran gas CO2 dari absorber adalah 0,11% yang mana melebihi batas dari desain yaitu 0,1% dengan kondisi gas seperti ini, untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari absorber maka CO2 keluaran harus sama dengan batasan dari desain. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dengan cara meningkatkan konsentrasi  Benfield menjadi 29,8% dan menurukan laju alir gas proses. Penambahan beban reboiler pada absorber akan meningkatkan kadar CO2 keluaran absorber, sehingga penambahan beban reboiler pada absorber tidak perlu dilakukan. Kata kunci : Absorber, Konsentrasi Benfield, Laju Alir Gas Proses, Kadar CO2, Reboiler Duty, Aspen Plus Abstract-Absorption is the operation separation of solutes from the gas phase into the liquid phase, with contacting the gas which contains solute liquid with solvent that doesn’t evaporate. The application of absorption in the industry is taking a component from gas mixture to take reaction product, one of the component that frequently separated is CO2. Equity levels of CO2 from process gas stream can be avoid poisoning the catalyst synthesis as well as can be reduced the cost of operation. The property of simulation program Aspen Plus v.8.6 is ELECNRTL and equilibrium vapor-liquid. The method that used for this simulation or research is determination flow rate of process gas from column absorber based from base design data and working data which then simulated. The purpose from this simulation is to get knowing the profil level of exodus CO2 in CO2 column absorber in the actual condition which compare with design condition, which under review from effect of the concentration of Benfield solution, circulation flow of Benfield solution, flowrate from gas process, and effect from reboiler duty in column absorber. Based on the result, CO2 gas outlet from the absorber is 0.11% which exceeds the limit from design, that is 0.1% with this condition, to increase the performance of the absorber, the CO2 must have the same output from the limit of design.  To solve this problem, increasing the concentration of Benfield to 29.8% and lowering the gas flow rate. Adding reboiler duty in the absorber, it will increase the level of CO2 output from absorber, so adding reboiler duty in the absorber is not necessary. Keywords : Absorber, Benfield Concentration, Process Gas Flow Rate, CO2 Levels, Reboiler Duty, Aspen Plus

scholarly journals Mass transfer parameters in spray columns: 2. The system benzene-wash oil

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
A. J. Rautenbach ◽  
G. Kornelius
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Side Resistance ◽  
Transfer Parameters

Spray columns are widely used in industry as a gas-liquid contacting apparatus because of the advantages of a high transfer area per unit volume and the tow gas side resistance. For a large number of systems, mass transfer parameters are not available and an experimental determination for the system benzene/wash oil was therefore carried out. The experimental technique and design are described. The variation in mass transfer coefficient as function of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate and column height agrees with those published elsewhere.

scholarly journals Development of a New Phase Change Biogas for Renewable Energy Storage System

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kismurtono ◽  
Satriyo K.W ◽  
Roni M ◽  
Dan Wahyu A. R
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Isothermal Condition ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Gas Flow Rate

<p>The aims of this study are to decrease the concentration of organic matter are to cooking and generate electricity from biomass. The methods were the preparation of fixed dome reactor, unit of CO2 removal, preparation and fermentation of cow dung, water, chicken manure running and sampling periodically every one hour and data analysis. Therefore, CO2 must be eliminated from the biogas and the corresponding phenomena of mass transfer with chemical reaction of packed column have to be studied. This study assumed steady state and isothermal condition. The system studied consists of packed column (stainless steel 304) 10 cm in diameter filled with 2 mm in diameter bead (zeolite) to the height of 80 cm and storage system of methane.. The gas flow rate was held constant at F = 800 ml/s, liquid flow rate (L) was 100 ml/s, pressure (P) was varied from: 350 to 700 mm water column (WC), and the concentration of aqueous NaOH 1.5 M inlet absorbent was held constant. The results showed that the percentage of absorbed CO2 can be enhanced by increasing the pressure. Using column with packing height of 100 cm. gas flow rate of 800 ml/s, using absorbent containing NaOH1.5 M with flow rate: 100 ml/s and at pressure of 350 mm water column (WC) and temperature of 30o C , the percentage recovery of CO2 reacted was 85%. The biogas then will be used to generate electricity.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Aqueous NaOH 1.5 M, Biogas purification, CO2 removal, Storage system</p>

Absorption of Carbon Dioxide into Aqueous Ammonia Solution using Blended Promoters (MEA, MEA+PZ, PZ+ArgK, MEA+ArgK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1359-1372
Author(s):  
Farah T. Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure

Absorption of CO2 into promoted-NH3 solution utilize a packed column (1.25 m long, 0.05m inside diameter) was examined in the present work. The process performance of four different blended promoters monoethanolamine (MEA)+ piperazine (PZ), piperazine (PZ)+ potassium argininate (ArgK) and monoethanolamine +potassium argininate was compared with unpromoted-NH3 solution by evaluated the absorption rate (φ_(CO_2 )) and overall mass transfer coefficient  (K_(G,CO_2.) a_v)  over the operating ranges of the studied process variables (1-15Kpa initial partial pressure of CO2, 5-15 Liter/min gas flow rate, 0.25-0.85 Liter/min liquid flow rate). The results exhibit that the absorption behavior and efficiency can be enhanced by rising volumetric liquid flow rate and initial CO2 partial pressure. However, the gas flow rate should be kept at a suitable value on the controlling gas film. Furthermore, it has been observed that the (PZ+ArgK) promoter was the major species that can accelerate the absorption rate and reached almost 66.166% up to123.23% over that of the unpromoted-NH3 solution.

SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES OF EFFICIENT FUEL USE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY GAS COMBUSTION IN STOVE PLATES. PART 1. MODERN STATE-OF-THE-ART AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT THE GAS BURNING IN DOMESTIC GAS COOKERS

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Soroka ◽  
V.V. Horupa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Stoves

Natural gas NG consumption in industry and energy of Ukraine, in recent years falls down as a result of the crisis in the country’s economy, to a certain extent due to the introduction of renewable energy sources along with alternative technologies, while in the utility sector the consumption of fuel gas flow rate enhancing because of an increase the number of consumers. The natural gas is mostly using by domestic purpose for heating of premises and for cooking. These items of the gas utilization in Ukraine are already exceeding the NG consumption in industry. Cooking is proceeding directly in the living quarters, those usually do not meet the requirements of the Ukrainian norms DBN for the ventilation procedures. NG use in household gas stoves is of great importance from the standpoint of controlling the emissions of harmful components of combustion products along with maintenance the satisfactory energy efficiency characteristics of NG using. The main environment pollutants when burning the natural gas in gas stoves are including the nitrogen oxides NOx (to a greater extent — highly toxic NO2 component), carbon oxide CO, formaldehyde CH2O as well as hydrocarbons (unburned UHC and polyaromatic PAH). An overview of environmental documents to control CO and NOx emissions in comparison with the proper norms by USA, EU, Russian Federation, Australia and China, has been completed. The modern designs of the burners for gas stoves are considered along with defining the main characteristics: heat power, the natural gas flow rate, diameter of gas orifice, diameter and spacing the firing openings and other parameters. The modern physical and chemical principles of gas combustion by means of atmospheric ejection burners of gas cookers have been analyzed from the standpoints of combustion process stabilization and of ensuring the stability of flares. Among the factors of the firing process destabilization within the framework of analysis above mentioned, the following forms of unstable combustion/flame unstabilities have been considered: flashback, blow out or flame lifting, and the appearance of flame yellow tips. Bibl. 37, Fig. 11, Tab. 7.

On the Influence of Fluctuating Flow Rate Upon the Performance and Behaviour of Isothermal Reacting Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-898
Author(s):  
Otakar Trnka ◽  
Miloslav Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reacting Systems

Three simple computational techniques are proposed and employed to demonstrate the effect of fluctuating flow rate of feed on the behaviour and performance of an isothermal, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A fluidized bed reactor (FBR), in which a non-catalytic gas-solid reaction occurs, is also considered. The influence of amplitude and frequency of gas flow rate fluctuations on reactant concentrations at the exit of the CSTR is shown in four different situations.

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