THE 2019 NOVEL PANDEMIC OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19): A STUDY OF EXISTING EVIDENCE IN THE INDIAN POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Shrikant Verma ◽  
Mohammad Abbas ◽  
Sushma Verma ◽  
Syed Tasleem Raza ◽  
Farzana Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Wellbeing ◽  
Different Parts

A novel spillover coronavirus (nCoV), with its epicenter in Wuhan, China's People's Republic, has emerged as an international public health emergency. This began as an outbreak in December 2019, and till November eighth, 2020, there have been 8.5 million affirmed instances of novel Covid disease2019 (COVID-19) in India, with 1,26,611 deaths, resulting in an overall case fatality rate of 1.48 percent. Coronavirus clinical signs are fundamentally the same as those of other respiratory infections. In different parts of the world, the quantity of research center affirmed cases and related passings are rising consistently. The COVID- 19 is an arising pandemic-responsible viral infection. Coronavirus has influenced huge parts of the total populace, which has prompted a global general wellbeing crisis, setting all health associations on high attentive. This review sums up the overall landmass, virology, pathogenesis, the study of disease transmission, clinical introduction, determination, treatment, and control of COVID-19 with the reference to India.

scholarly journals Global Food Security in a Pandemic: The Case of the New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Diosey Ramon Lugo-Morin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Food

The world is currently experiencing a pandemic: a virus in the family Coronaviridae is causing serious respiratory infections in humans. The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020. The outbreak began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread throughout the world. Despite measures taken by governments throughout the world to contain and control the spread, economic disruption at the global level is imminent and will affect all economic sectors, particularly the food sector. In a post-pandemic scenario, the use of new technologies will be decisive in a new model of food commercialization. The production and distribution of food will be configured to make supply chains optimal and safe systems. Against this background, the present study aims to explore and analyze the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for global food security.

REGIONALISM APPROACH UNDER THE COVID-19 CIRCUMSTANCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
E. Rasoulinezhad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Parts

The outbreak of Covid-19 disease since late 2019 has led to fundamental changes in the process of globalization and liberalization of the world economy. In order to prevent the spread of this disease and control its negative consequences, many countries have implemented policies such as urban quarantine, cutting off passenger communication with neighboring countries and the world, closing tourist and tourist places, and implementing policies to protect domestic industries. In general, it led to the phenomenon of reverse globalization. According to the development of new economic convergence, which is based on the role of the market in economic relations between countries can play an important role in improving the productive capacity of countries in a region and create economic integration in different parts of the world. Such a state of integration in different parts of the world could be the solution to the process of globalization and in the post-Corona era, the concept of “one for all, all for one” was created at the regional and global level. As policy implications, the paper recommended some points to make a greater integration between Iran and Russia in the region

scholarly journals Leptospirosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novie H. Rampengan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that usually occurs during the flood and is generally transmitted through rat urine. Indonesia is a country with a moderate risk of transmission of leptospirosis. Leptospirosis has a broad manifestation varying from self-limited to severe disease. The gold standard examination of leptospirosis is microscopic agglutination test. Diagnosis is divided into suspected, probable, and confirmed. Treatment consists of antibiotics and supportive agents. Generally, the prognosis is good, albeit, sequelae can occur. Case-fatality rate in different parts of the world ranging from less than 5% to 30%.Keywords: leptospirosis, diagnosis,Abstrak: Leptospirosis merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang umumnya timbul saat banjir dan umumnya ditularkan melalui kencing tikus. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan risiko sedang penularan leptospirosis. Leptospirosis memiliki manifestasi luas dari self limited hingga sakit berat. Pemeriksaan baku emas leptospirosis ialah dengan microscopic agglutination test. Diagnosis dibagi atas suspek, probable, dan konfirmasi. Terapi diberikan medikamentosa dengan antibiotik dan suportif. Prognosis umumnya baik namun bisa juga terjadi gejala sisa. Tingkat fatalitas kasus di berbagai belahan dunia berkisar <5%-30%.Kata kunci: leptospirosis, diagnosis

scholarly journals 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia: an unusual lung ultrasound presentation.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Consoli ◽  
Vittorio Bendotti ◽  
Sara Cicchinelli ◽  
Federico Gaioni ◽  
Paola Prandolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) was first reported in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread around the world, leading to an international emerging public health emergency. As reported from Chinese experiences, approximately 20% of patients had a severe course, requiring intensive care, with an overall case fatality rate of 2.3%. In diagnosis, chest computed tomography most commonly showed ground-glass opacity with or without consolidative patterns.Herein we report a case of a patient affected by COVID-19 pneumonia referred in the emergency department of our institution on 4 April 2020 with peculiar lung ultrasound findings.

HEALTH RISKS THAT CAT SCRATCH DISEASE CREATES IN HUMANS, CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHOICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Ali BİLGİLİ ◽  
Başak HANEDAN ◽  
Muhammet Haydar UYSAL
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
The World ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
And Control

It is concluded that animal health affects directly human health considering the fact that major part of diseases in humans result from animals. Bartonella agents are isolated from humans, rodents, rabbits, dogs, ruminants, wild and domestic cats. Bartonella infections are most commonly seen in domestic cats. Cats are considered primary mammalian reservoir in the transmission of zoonotic Bartonella (B.) henselae and B. clarridgeiae infections. Bartonella, vector-borne pathogen commonly appeared in our country and the world, can cause from mild flu signs to severe diseases such as endocarditis, myocarditis, arthritis, hepatitis in humans and animals. After Bartonella infections are transmitted by fleas to cats, cats may remain chronically infected with bacteria for months or years and especially they can transmit the infection to humans by bites or scratches. Cats infected by Bartonella spp. without any clinical signs can transmit the infection to humans. In the context of this review in the light of mentioned knowledge, data were presented for prevalence situations belonging to regions and countries that Bartonella infection commonly occurs in Turkey and the world. In addition, knowledge was given obtained from recent scientific sources for transmission ways of bartonellosis, clinical signs that it causes in humans and animals, diagnosis methods, treatment and control.

scholarly journals  Equine grass sickness in the Czech Republic a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Melkova ◽  
P. Cizek ◽  
E. Ludvikova ◽  
B. Bezdekova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neural System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Grass Sickness ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Equine grass sickness (EGS) is a degenerative polyneuropathy affecting postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons. The major clinical signs relate to dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and the condition is frequently fatal. EGS has been reported in different parts of the world including Europe. This paper describes the first case of equine dysautonomia in the Czech Republic. The ante mortem diagnosis was based on typical clinical signs and a positive phenylephrine eye-drop test and was confirmed at necropsy following observation of pathognomic histopathological lesions in the enteric neural system of the ileum. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Egypt's COVID-19 Recent Happenings and Perspectives: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
AbdulRahman A. Saied ◽  
Asmaa A. Metwally ◽  
Norah Abdullah Bazekh Madkhali ◽  
Shafiul Haque ◽  
Kuldeep Dhama
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
And Control

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected countries across the world. While the zoonotic aspects of SARS-CoV-2 are still under investigation, bats and pangolins are currently cited as the animal origin of the virus. Several types of vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed and are being used in vaccination drives across the world. A number of countries are experiencing second and third waves of the pandemic, which have claimed nearly four million lives out of the 180 million people infected globally as of June 2021. The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and mutants are posing high public health concerns owing to their rapid transmissibility, higher severity, and in some cases, ability to infect vaccinated people (vaccine breakthrough). Here in this mini-review, we specifically looked at the efforts and actions of the Egyptian government to slow down and control the spread of COVID-19. We also review the COVID-19 statistics in Egypt and the possible reasons behind the low prevalence and high case fatality rate (CFR%), comparing Egypt COVID-19 statistics with China (the epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic) and the USA, Brazil, India, Italy, and France (the first countries in which the numbers of patients infected with COVID-19). Additionally, we have summarized the SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccines used in Egypt, and the use of medicinal plants as preventive and curative options.

scholarly journals Arboviruses emerging in Brazil: challenges for clinic and implications for public health

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rita Donalisio ◽  
André Ricardo Ribas Freitas ◽  
Andrea Paula Bruno Von Zuben
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Vector Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Immunological Alterations

ABSTRACT Arboviruses have been emerging in different parts of the world due to genetic changes in the virus, alteration of the host and vector population dynamics, or because of anthropogenic environmental factors. These viruses’ capacity for adaptation is notable, as well as the likelihood of their emergence and establishment in new geographic areas. In Brazilian epidemiologic scenario, the most common arboviruses are DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV, although others may spread in the country. Little is yet known of the impact of viral co-circulation, which would theoretically result in more intense viremia or other immunological alterations that could trigger autoimmune diseases, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome. The impact on morbidity and mortality intensifies as extensive epidemics lead to a high number of affected individuals, severe cases, and implications for health services, mainly due to the absence of treatment, vaccines, and effective prevention and control measures.

scholarly journals Lifting mobility restrictions and the induced short-term dynamics of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Santana-Cibrian ◽  
Manuel A. Acuna-Zegarra ◽  
Jorge X. Velasco-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Effective Contact ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

SARS-CoV-2 has now infected 15 million people and produced more than six hundred thousand deaths around the world. Due to high transmission levels, many governments implemented social-distancing measures and confinement with different levels of required compliance to mitigate the COVID-19 epidemic. In several countries, these measures were effective, and it was possible to flatten the epidemic curve and control it. In others, this objective was not or has not been achieved. In far to many cities around the world rebounds of the epidemic are occurring or, in others, plateau-like states have appeared where high incidence rates remain constant for relatively long periods of time. Nonetheless, faced with the challenge of urgent social need to reactivate their economies, many countries have decided to lift mitigation measures at times of high incidence. In this paper, we use a mathematical model to characterize the impact of short duration transmission events within the confinement period previous but close to the epidemic peak. The model describes too, the possible consequences on the disease dynamics after mitigation measures are lifted. We use Mexico City as a case study. The results show that events of high mobility may produce either a later higher peak, a long plateau with relatively constant but high incidence or the same peak as in the original baseline epidemic curve, but with a post-peak interval of slower decay. Finally, we also show the importance of carefully timing the lifting of mitigation measures. If this occurs during a period of high incidence, then the disease transmission will rapidly increase, unless the effective contact rate keeps decreasing, which will be very difficult to achieve once the population is released.

scholarly journals Examining the Beliefs and Perceptions Associated to the COVID-19 Virus in the Wouri Division, Littoral Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Exodus Akwa Teh ◽  
Rene Ning Teh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Transmission Control ◽  
Littoral Region ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
And Control

COVID-19 virus has become a global threat to the human population and society. The virus which originated from China in December, 2019 has swept across continents in the world. Cameroon has been one of the countries with a high infectious rate in the recent period having a majority of the infectious cases in the Littoral region. Lack of awareness play a major role in the rise of COVID-19 cases. This paper examined the perceptions of the existence and spread of the COVID-19 virus in Wouri Division, Littoral Region of Cameroon. The study involved a qualitative survey designed by online questionnaires which were forwarded to the inhabitants of Wouri Division through e-mails and &lsquo;WhatsApp&rsquo;. The survey included the perception of the origin and existence of the COVID-19 virus, its mode of disease transmission, preventive and control measures. A total of 573 respondents were obtained (317 females and 256 males). From the results, although a greater proportion of the respondents showed knowledge towards the COVID- 19 virus existence, transmission and prevention that could lead to a reduction in the spread of the disease, our findings suggested that there&rsquo;s more need for public sensitisation of the virus especially its method of transmission, control and prevention.

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