scholarly journals Physiological and Histological Study for the Effect of Escalation Doses of Dostinex (Caprigoline) on Male Mice through Some Biochemical Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Shaima R. Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hormonal Assay

Although the history of many drugs proved some beneficial effects, yet uncontrolled use may have serious impact on health especially vital organs as liver and kidney and endocrine glands. Dopamine agonists are the treatment of choice for the majority of patients with hyperprolactinemic disorders. Bromocriptine has been used over the past 30 years, whereas cabergoline has become a first-choice agonist in recent years. The present study was aimed to evaluate the physiological and histological effects of escalated doses of the drug (Caprigoline) in male mice. The experiment includes 40 mice divided on 4 groups. Group 1 treated with PBS represents the control. The groups (2, 3, and 4) treated with the doses (0.5, 5, and 10) mg of caprigoline /Kg body weight respectively. Regarding hormonal assay, the results showed significant (P<0.05) differences between the treated groups and the control. There was a significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, Triiodothyronine (T3) and Throxine (T4) level accompanies the increase in caprigoline dose. In contrast the Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL) show a decrease in their levels as the dose become higher. Furthermore; there was a significant increase in level of Alanin aminotransaminase (ALT) as an indicator of liver function and a significant increase in level of urea as an indicator of kidney function in the treated groups compared with the control. The histological study reveal an obvious morphological changes compared with the normal state in the animals treated with the high dose. The liver in mice treated with (5 and 10) mg caprigoline showing focal area of necrosis with inflammatory cells. The kidney in mice treated with 10 mg caprigoline shows a degenerative changes and necrosis of epithelial of micro tubules and thyroidization phenomeno.  

scholarly journals The beneficial effects of the composite probiotics from camel milk on glucose and lipid metabolism, liver and renal function and gut microbiota in db/db mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabusi Manaer ◽  
Lan Yu ◽  
Xin-Hua Nabi ◽  
Dinareer Dilidaxi ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Urine Sugar

Abstract Background Probiotics may have beneficial effects on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We separated 4 lactobacillus and 1 saccharomycetes from traditional fermented cheese whey (TFCW) and prepared composite probiotics from camel milk (CPCM) and investigated their effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, liver and renal function and gut microbiota in db/db mice. Methods CPCM was prepared in the laboratory and 40 db/db mice were randomly divided into 4 groups as metformin, low-dose and high-dose group and model group, and treated for 6 weeks. In addition, 10 C57BL/Ks mice as normal control group were used for comparison. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight (BW), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), C-peptide (CP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), 24 h urinary microalbumin (24 h malb), urine ketone, urine sugar, pancreas and liver tissue and intestinal flora were tested. Results Compared to diabetic group, high dose CPCM significantly decreased FBG, OGTT, HbAlc and IRI, plasma TC, TG, LDL-C, 24 h malb, urine ketone and urine sugar, increased CP, HDL-C levels, improved the liver and kidney function, protected the function of islets, also increased intestinal tract lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium, decreased Escherichia in db/db mice. Conclusion CPCM decreased FBG, OGTT and HbAlc, increased CP, modulated lipid metabolism and improved liver and kidney protected injury in db/db mice, which may be related to various probiotics acting through protecting the function of islets and regulating intestinal flora disturbance.

scholarly journals SUPPORTING THERAPY IN EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS: WHY, WHOM, HOW?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
N. V. KOROCHANSKAYA ◽  
S. N. SERIKOVA ◽  
M. A. BASENKO ◽  
S. S. SERIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Elimination Diet ◽  
Esophageal Wall ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Aim. To demonstrate peculiarities of clinic features, difficulties of diagnostics and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis using a clinic case.Materials and methods. The investigation of the clinic case in young woman with eosinophilic esophagitis is presented. The diagnosis was established 6 years after the manifestation of the disease on the stage of complications developed (esophageal stricture). A complex examination included endoscopy, morphologic methods and consultations with adjacent specialists (llergologist, ENT). Drug therapy was carried out by system and topical corticosteroids according to recommendations of Russian gastroenterological association from 2013.Results. The right diagnosis was established by the assessment of the clinic feature of dysphagia with revealing of mucosal eosinophilic infiltration during histological study of esophageal mucosal biopsies. The elimination diet and corticosteroid therapy improved the clinic course of the disease considerably. However, there were no signs of morphological changes of esophageal wall recovery. As a result, the patient needed to be treated and managed constantly. Based on the literature data the authors described variations of natural history of the disease, discussed the approaches to supporting therapy, and revealed group selection criteria of the patients most of all needed to anti-relapsing therapy.Conclusion. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic immune-antigendependent inflammatory disease of the esophagus with insufficiently investigated etiopathogenesis. A number of questions concerning this disease need to be studied (clinical course, possibility of long-lasted remission and self-recovery, duration of corticosteroid therapy, etc).

Rare Ginsenoside 20(R)-Rg3 Inhibits D-Galactose-Induced Liver and Kidney Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (05) ◽  
pp. 1141-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Jian-Qiang Wang ◽  
Yan-Dan Zhou ◽  
Jin-Gang Hou ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Oxidative stress is considered as a major factor in aging and exacerbates aging process through a variety of molecular mechanisms. D-galactose, a normal reducing sugar with high dose can cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or stimulate free radical production indirectly by the formation of advanced glycation end products in tissues, finally resulting in oxidative stress. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3), a major and representative component isolated from red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A Meyer), has been shown to observably have an anti-oxidative effect. We thereby investigated the beneficial effects of 20(R)-Rg3 on D-galactose-induced oxidative stress injury and its underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that continuous injection of D-galactose with 800[Formula: see text]mg/kg/day for 8 weeks increased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). However, such increases were attenuated by the treatment of 20(R)-Rg3 for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, 20(R)-Rg3 markedly inhibited D-galactose-caused oxidative stress in liver and kidney. The anti-oxidants, including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were elevated in the mice from 20(R)-Rg3-treated group compared with that from D-galactose group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were observed in the 20(R)-Rg3-treated group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of AGEs. More importantly, 20(R)-Rg3 effectively attenuated D-galactose induced apoptosis in liver and kidney via restoring the upstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Taken together, our study suggests that 20(R)-Rg3 may be a novel and promising anti-oxidative therapeutic agent to prevent aging-related injuries in liver and kidney.

scholarly journals Sex Difference in Corticosterone-Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2367-2387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasiphak Kaikaew ◽  
Jacobie Steenbergen ◽  
Theo H van Dijk ◽  
Aldo Grefhorst ◽  
Jenny A Visser
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Female Mice

Abstract Prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids (GCs) causes various metabolic derangements. These include obesity and insulin resistance, as inhibiting glucose utilization in adipose tissues is a major function of GCs. Although adipose tissue distribution and glucose homeostasis are sex-dependently regulated, it has not been evaluated whether GCs affect glucose metabolism and adipose tissue functions in a sex-dependent manner. In this study, high-dose corticosterone (rodent GC) treatment in C57BL/6J mice resulted in nonfasting hyperglycemia in male mice only, whereas both sexes displayed hyperinsulinemia with normal fasting glucose levels, indicative of insulin resistance. Metabolic testing using stable isotope-labeled glucose techniques revealed a sex-specific corticosterone-driven glucose intolerance. Corticosterone treatment increased adipose tissue mass in both sexes, which was reflected by elevated serum leptin levels. However, female mice showed more metabolically protective adaptations of adipose tissues than did male mice, demonstrated by higher serum total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels, more hyperplastic morphological changes, and a stronger increase in mRNA expression of adipogenic differentiation markers. Subsequently, in vitro studies in 3T3-L1 (white) and T37i (brown) adipocytes suggest that the increased leptin and adiponectin levels were mainly driven by the elevated insulin levels. In summary, this study demonstrates that GC-induced insulin resistance is more severe in male mice than in female mice, which can be partially explained by a sex-dependent adaptation of adipose tissues.

scholarly journals Protective effect of vitamin D3 and erythropoietin on renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver and kidney damage in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad-ghasem Golmohammadi ◽  
Reza Ajam ◽  
Ali Shahbazi ◽  
Mir Mehdi Chinifroush-Asl ◽  
Shokofeh Banaei
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

Introduction: Renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) contributes to the development of acute renal failure (ARF). Free radicals are considered to be principal components involved in the pathophysiological alterations observed during IR. In this study, we evaluated the effects of vitamin D and erythropoietin (EPO) in IR–induced renal and liver damage. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five groups of 6 each. 1) The control, 2) IR, 3) VD3 (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) + IR, 4) EPO+ IR, and 5) VD3+EPO+ IR groups. The rats were unilaterally nephrectomized and subjected to 45 minutes of renal pedicle occlusion followed by 24 h reperfusion. Vitamin D (10 mg/kg, IP) and EPO (1000 U/kg, IP) were administered prior to ischemia. After 24 hours reperfusion, the blood samples were collected for the determination of biochemical parameters and kidney and liver samples were taken for histological studies. Results: Renal ischemia significantly decreased kidney and liver functions. IR significantly increased blood urea nitrogen-creatinine (BUN-Cr), glucose, total protein and liver enzyme levels and significantly decreased hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) values. Histopathological findings of the IR group confirmed that there were glomerular atrophy and acute tubular necrosis in the renal tissues and lymphocyte infiltration in the liver samples. Treatment with vitamin D and EPO boosted liver and kidney functions and improved the morphological changes. Conclusion: It seems that vitamin D or EPO administration could protect the kidney and liver damage induced by IR. Also, the combination of vitamin D and EPO may exert more beneficial effects than either agent used alone.

scholarly journals Protective effects of Zizyphus oxyphyla on liver and kidney related serum biomarkers in (CCl4) intoxicate rabbits

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ahmad ◽  
I. Ilahi ◽  
A. M. Yousafzai ◽  
M. Attaullah ◽  
A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Ccl4 Administration ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract The study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Zizyphus oxyphyla leaves methanolic (ZOX-LME), on serum liver, kidney and hematology along with other serum parameters in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated rabbits. Experimental animals were divided into five groups, six rabbits in each. These were: group NC (normal control), group, TC (toxic control) and group ST i.e. silymarine administered group at dose rate (50) mg/kg body weight (BW). Group ET1 and group ET2 treated with (ZOX-LME) at dose 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. CCl4 administration caused significant (P> 0.05) impairment in serum liver enzymes, blood factors and other serum indices. Treatment with (ZOX-LME) significantly (P<0.05) reduced and normalized the levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hematological indices. Also significant (P< 0.05) reduction was observed in creatinine, urea, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and albumin and glucose concentrations. The altered levels of lipid profile and serum electrolytes (Ca, Mg, Cl, Na, K, and P) were significantly (P<0.05) change toward normal levels with (ZOX-LME) feeding. In addition (ZOX-LME) ingestion caused significant improvement in GSH, GST and CAT levels, while reducing the TBARS levels, exhibited antioxidant capacity. Also (ZOX-LME) showed increase inhibition against percent scavenging of 2, 2-diphenile-1-picrylehydrazyle (DPPH) free radical. Significant (P<0.05) normalizing effects were observed with high dose 400 mg/kg BW of (ZOX-LME and were equivalent to silymarine administered groups. The histological study of liver supported the hepatoprotective and renal curative activity of (ZOX-LME).

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin C in Amelioration of Hepatorenal Toxicity of Cefotaxime in Adult Albino Rats (Histological Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 845-848
Author(s):  
Maha Al Sammak ◽  
Rana M. Ahmed ◽  
Nadwa Alazzo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group 2

AIM: Antibiotics have a great risk property, for this reason, the present work aimed to study the toxic effect of cefotaxime on histological examination of liver and kidney tissues as well as to detect the protecting role of Vitamin C. METHODS: Thirty-two male adult albino rats were divided into four groups each with (eight animals) as following: Group (1): As control group and they injected with normal saline. Group (2): They were injected with 200 mg/kg B.W. of cefotaxime. Group (3): They were injected with Vitamin C in dose 100 mg/kg B.W. 1 h before they inject with 200 mg/kg B.W. of cefotaxime. Group (4): It was given Vitamin C in dose of 100 mg/kg B.W. Animals in all groups were injected intraperitoneally as single daily dose for 14 consecutive days. RESULTS: Results of cefotaxime treated group revealed that a significant liver tissue changes as hepatocytic vacuolation, necrosis, cholestasis with sinusoidal congestion, and dilatation also induced a histopathological change in the kidney including tubular epithelial degeneration, cast formation in renal tubules, inflammatory cells infiltration in the interstitium, and few glomeruli showed eosinophilic material deposition at the wall of bowman capsule. Adding Vitamin C to third group induces amelioration in the histological features of liver and kidney seen in Group (2) while group of Vitamin C only showed a histological picture similar to control group. CONCLUSION: From this study, we can conclude that Vitamin C has important hepato-renal protective effect.

scholarly journals In Vivo Histological Study the Potential of Borago officinalis on Spleen and Testis Histo-Architecture on CCL4 Induced Albino Male Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Marwa A. Kubba
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Borago Officinalis ◽  
Ccl4 Treatment ◽  
History Of

History of medicine and plants dates backside to seclude past when herbal treatment was used and be the only answer to all kind of pain and disease. Nowadays, greater prominence is again to use phytotherapy all over the world. Herbal medicine is a traditional or folk medicine that based on the use of plants’ seeds, berries, roots, leaves, barks, flowers and plant extracts for medicinal purposes. This research study focused the line on the potentail of aqueous and methanolic extract of Borago officinalis (Borago; BO) on spleen and testis of albino male mice alone or after interaction between both plant extracts with CCL4 (toxic compound) in comparison to controls group (negative control; without any treatment and positive control; mice treated with CCL4 only). The results indicated the ability of plant extracts to modulate toxic effect resulted from CCL4 treatment.

Acetaminophen: Neonatal hepatotoxicity due to late pregnancy exposure

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
G.A. Miranda ◽  
M.A. Arroyo ◽  
C.A. Lucio ◽  
M. Mongeotti ◽  
S.S. Poolsawat
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Neonatal Liver ◽  
Childbearing Women

Exposure to drugs and toxic chemicals, during late pregnancy, is a common occurrence in childbearing women. Some studies have reported that more than 90% of pregnant women use at least 1 prescription; of this, 60% used more than one. Another study indicated that 80% of the consumed drugs were not prescribed, and of this figure, 95% were “over-the-counter” drugs. Acetaminophen, the safest of all over-the-counter drugs, has been reported to induce fetal liver necrosis in man and animals and to have abortifacient and embryocidal action in mice. This study examines the degree to which acetaminophen affects the neonatal liver and kidney, when a fatty diet is simultaneously fed to the mother during late pregnancy.Timed Swiss Webster female mice were gavaged during late pregnancy (days 16-19) with fat suspended acetaminophen at a high dose, HD = 84.50 mg/kg, and a low dose, LD = 42.25 mg/kg; a control group received fat alone.

ITI with high-dose FIX and combined immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with severe haemophilia B and inhibitor

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hauch ◽  
J. Rischewski ◽  
U. Kordes ◽  
J. Schneppenheim ◽  
R. Schneppenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
History Of

SummaryInhibitor development is a rare but serious event in hemophilia B patients. Management is hampered by the frequent occurrence of allergic reactions to factor IX, low success rates of current inhibitor elimination protocols and the risk of development of nephrotic syndrome. Single cases of immune tolerance induction (ITI) including immunosuppressive agents like mycophenolat mofetil (MMF) or rituximab have been reported. We present a case of successful inhibitor elimination with a combined immune-modulating therapy and high-dose factor IX (FIX). This boy had developed a FIX inhibitor at the age of 5 years and had a history of allergic reactions to FIX and to FEIBA→. Under on-demand treatment with recombinant activated FVII the inhibitor became undetectable but the boy suffered from multiple joint and muscle bleeds. At the age of 11.5 years ITI was attempted with a combination of rituximab, MMF, dexamethasone, intravenous immunoglobulins and high-dose FIX. The inhibitor did not reappear and FIX half-life normalized. No allergic reaction, no signs of nephrotic syndrome and no serious infections were observed.

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